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How the social educator can detect posttraumatic stressdisorder in people with developmental disabilities
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Hva er de etiske vurderingene som ligger bak anbefalinger om fordeling og prioritering av Covid-19 vaksiner internt i Norge og internasjonalt?
Get PDFTowards sustainable production in industrial clusters
Get PDFTo deal with the challenges of global warming and the loss of biodiversity, industrial companies must respond to stakeholder pressure for producing and delivering their products in a more sustainable way. This can be achieved through transformation of production processes, logistics and business models. Companies manage their operations based on their culture and the traditions in which these organizations operate. These can be seen as barriers to radical change towards sustainable production. However, through collaboration and knowledge sharing industrial networks can assist companies in meeting the transition to sustainability. In this qualitative study of a maritime cluster in the county of Møre and Romsdal, we investigate how small and medium-sized companies in a regional cluster respond to the need for sustainability development. The findings show that the cluster companies possess a unique knowledge and expertise resource that can be transformational and create a new path of development. However, diversification in the cluster may weaken integrity between the companies and consequently reduce communication between them and weaken their ability to innovate. Keywords: industrial cluster, sustainability transition, drivers and barrierspublishedVersio
Helpful factors in a healthcare professional intervention for low-back pain : unveiled by Heidegger's philosophy
Get PDFLow-back pain can be invalidating physically as well as mentally. Despite professional help to treat and prevent low-back pain, the pain often persists, and so do the problems related to low-back pain. An intervention that made it possible for a significant part of patients with low-back pain to improve health and well-being raised the question: Why was it possible to help some and not others? The aim of the present paper was to achieve a deeper understanding of factors patients experienced as helpful in professional support related to low-back pain. This was explored using a hermeneutic-phenomenological approach while analysing 20 interviews with patients with low-back pain purposively chosen interviews conducted in relation to the intervention. An analysis was made using Ricoeur's interpretation theory. Data on both positive and negative experiences were read and reflected upon. We found that healthcare professionals’ adoption of a narrative approach facilitating the patient's perspective was perceived as helpful. Patients experienced this as being taken seriously; an experience that could be explained at a deeper, more nuanced level using Heidegger's philosophy. Facilitating the patient's perspective was conditional not only on the professional obtaining access to the patient's perspective but also on understanding and acknowledging the patient's existence. The challenge for healthcare professionals in this respect is to bridge the gap between the consultation's fact-focused concern with the medical implications of low-back pain and the patient's concern with the implications low-back pain has for his or her personal identity and life. Listening to the patient's perspective in itself supports the subjective recovery process, while also supporting the quality of patient-centred support and strengthening the patient's trust in its helpfulness.publishedVersio
Challenges of delivering TOD in low-density contexts : the Swedish experience of barriers and enablers
Get PDFBackground: Transit Oriented Development (TOD) is key to the success of public transport and for sustainable urban and regional development. Previous research has often focused on delivering TOD in urban areas with high popula‑ tion and building densities. This highlights the need to broaden the scope of TOD approaches to also include less densely populated areas located outside the immediate urban cores as a key concern for policy. Purpose: The aim of this paper is to increase the knowledge of how to deliver TOD in such low-density contexts. Methods: Three case studies of attempts at delivering TOD in sparsely populated areas in three Swedish city-regions are made. The data for the case studies consist of planning documents and 13 interviews with key stakeholders involved in the planning processes of the three cases. Results: The results show that many of the barriers and enablers are rather similar to those identifed in research on TOD in much more urban contexts in other parts of the world, but the relationships between them are diferently nuanced in low-density contexts. The lack of clear quantifed defnitions of what TOD is (or is not) allows a more fex‑ ible, site-specifc understanding of TOD to emerge in this context. Results: It is important that a shared vision of TOD in each location is developed by the organizations involved—and such a shared vision appears to be crucial for the development to have a good chance of being delivered. Informal defnitions, and individual perceptions (including those of the public) are important; and in locations that are quite “marginal” for TOD, all enablers must interact together positively for the development to have the maximum likelihood of going ahead as planned. Keywords: transit-oriented development, public transport, sustainable urban development, low-density, SwedenpublishedVersio
E-grocery behavioural analysis for sustainable urban logistics in Morocco
Get PDFEvaluating people behaviours towards online grocery channels is of great importance in sustainable urban mobility planning. This study uses stated preference methods to assess both Moroccans’ habits to buy groceries and potential behaviour change. A multinomial logit model is used to estimate parameters influencing consumers when purchasing goods in grocery stores or online (either via home delivery or click&pick). Results demonstrate that product price, product range, lead time and service cost for the two options are the main choice determinants. Market shares, travelled distances generated by groceries shopping, and CO/NOx emissions are calculated for different scenarios. The paper provides valuable insights for private and public stakeholders to develop their sustainable policies and reduce negative externalities on the environment at an urban scale. Keywords: e-groceries, stated preferences, urban logistics, home delivery, click & pick, environmentpublishedVersio
Guillotine cutting is asymptotically optimal for packing consecutive squares
Get PDFMore than half a century ago Martin Gardner popularized a question leading to the benchmark problem of determining the minimum side length of a square into which the squares of sizes 1, 2,..., n can be packed without overlap. Constructions are known for a certain range of n, and summing up the areas yields that a packing in a square of size smaller than N :=√n(n + 1)(2n + 1)/6) is not possible. Here we prove that an asymptotically minimal packing exists in a square of size N +cn+O(√n) with c < 1, and such a packing is achievable with guillotine-cuts. An improved construction is also given for the case where the constraint of guillotine cutting is dropped. Keywords: Square packing · Guillotine cut · Asymptotic analysis · Gardner’s problem · Square the square · Recursive algorithm.publishedVersio