Brage HiM
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Replicating Prospect Theory at Molde University College with focus on Gender and Field of study
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Students’ approaches to scientific essay writing as an educational method in higher education : a mixed methods study
Get PDFPurpose: To describe students' approaches to essay writing as part of their academic studies. As a theoretical framework Lavelle's five approaches was used. Methods: A descriptive study with a mixed methods design. Two questionnaires to the same student group, early (n = 39) and at the end (n = 37) of their studies, and three focus group interviews (n = 19) were conducted. The participants were nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, social workers, and teachers who were part of a master's degree programme at an institute of health sciences at a university in Norway. Results: Mostly, the students took an impulsive and unplanned approach to essay writing. However, the students affirmed that essays were a method in which they could combine their theoretical knowledge and clinical experiences. When writing essays in groups, the students developed more reflective and critical thinking than when they wrote alone. The teacher's role was more of a supervisor than a traditional teacher. Four categories of Lavelle's writing approaches were found namely, spontaneous-impulsive, elaborative, reflective revisionist, and procedural, of which the spontaneous-impulsive and elaborative categories were most prominent. Conclusions: Approaches to essay writing can be developed in a more reflective and critical way among students in higher education and the teacher's role can be developed into more of a supervisor than a traditional teacher. Higher education is an arena for building a relationship between theory and practice and using academic essay writing as a method can promote this process.publishedVersio
Clinical expressions, characteristics and treatments of confirmed COVID-19 in nursing home residents : a systematic review
Get PDFBackground: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a high rate of infections, frequent outbreaks, and high mortality rates in nursing homes (NH) worldwide. To protect and improve the treatment and care of the vulnerable NH population, it is pivotal to systematise and synthesise data from cases of COVID-19 among NH residents. In our systematic review, we therefore aimed to describe the clinical expressions, characteristics, and treatments of NH residents confirmed to have COVID-19. Methods: We conducted two comprehensive literature searches in several electronic databases: (1) PubMed, (2) CINAHL, (3) AgeLine, (4) Embase, and (5) PsycINFO in April and July 2021. Of the 438 articles screened, 19 were included in our sample, and we used the Newcastle–Ottawa Assessment Scale to assess the quality of the reported studies. A weighted mean (Mweighted), was calculated to account for the large variation in sample sizes of the studies, and due to heterogeneity among the studies, we report our findings in a narrative synthesis. Results: According to the mean weights (Mweighted), common symptoms and signs in NH residents confirmed to have COVID-19 were fever (53.7%), cough (56.5%), hypoxia (32.3%), and delirium or confusion (31.2%). Common comorbidities were hypertension (78.6%), dementia or cognitive impairment (55.3%), and cardiovascular diseases (52.0%). Six studies presented data concerning medical and pharmacological treatments, such as inhalers, oxygen supplementation, anticoagulation, and parenteral/enteral fluids or nutrition. The treatments were used to improve outcomes, as part of palliative care, or as end-of-life treatment. Transfers to hospital for NH residents with confirmed COVID-19 were reported in six of the included studies, and the rate of hospital transfers ranged from 6.9% to 50% in this population. In the 17 studies reporting mortality, 40.2% of the NH residents died during the studies’ observation periods. Conclusions: Our systematic review allowed us to summarise important clinical findings about COVID-19 among NH residents and to identify the population’s risk factors for serious illness and death caused by the disease. However, the treatment and care of NH residents with severe COVID-19 warrant further investigation.publishedVersio
