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DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF SIJUNZI DECOCTION INHIBIT PROLIFERATION AND INDUCE APOPTOSIS OF HUMAN GASTRIC CANCER SGC-7901 SIDE POPULATION
Get PDFBackground: SD is a traditional Chinese medicine which composed of Ginseng, Atractylodes, Poria and Licorice. It is one of the commonly used Chinese traditional medicines that showed anti-gastric cancer activity in clinical studies. Previous evidence demonstrated SD parties (Ginseng, Atractylodes, Poria, Licorice) can inhibit proliferation and induced apoptosis for gastric cancer cell. In order to further investigate the anticancer effect of SD in gastric cancer, we observed the effects of different concentrations of SD on proliferation and apoptosis of SP of human gastric cancer SGC-7901.
Materials and Methods: 1. SGC-7901 side population cells were sorted through flow cytometry. 2. To detect the changes of proliferation of SP and NSP before and after the intervention of serum containing different concentrations of SD using cck-8 method. 3. To detect the changes of cell cycle and apoptosis of SP and NSP before and after the intervention of serum containing different concentrations of SD through flow cytometry. 4. To detect the effects of serum containing different concentrations of SD on apoptosis-related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 of SP and NSP before and after the intervention by western-blot.
Results: It was found that different concentrations of SD serum treatments inhibited cell proliferation in a time-dependent and concentration-dependent manner. Compared with the control group (normal saline treatment), there were increase in G1/G0 phase population of SP and NSP, and decrease in G2/M and S phase population (
EVALUATION OF THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CAPACITY OF BETA-SITOSTEROL IN RODENT ASSAYS
Get PDFBackground: Beta-sitosterol (BS) is a compound discovered to be present in numerous plants. A number of interesting
biomedical properties have been attributed to BS, including immuno-modulating and anti-inflammatory activities.
Therefore, the aim of this report was to evaluate its anti-inflammatory capacity by applying various rodent
experimental tests.
Methods. To carry out the objective of the study we applied the methods indicated here. Two of the adopted methods
were based on the passive reverse Arthus reaction: the rat paw edema test and the rat pleurisy assay. We also applied
two methods related with the non-specific acute inflammation: the mouse ear edema test, and the mouse
mieloperoxidase activity assay.
Results. The results obtained in all tests established a significant anti-inflammatory potential of BS. In the rat paw
edema test we found an inhibitory effect which goes from 50-70%; in the rat pleurisy assay our findings with respect to
the volume of pleural exuded showed a reduction of 46%, as well as a 20% low amount of neutrophils in comparison
with the level of the control group. In the mouse ear edema test we found a mean inflammatory inhibition of 75%, and
with respect to mieloproxidase activity the results showed a significant inhibition induced by the three doses of BS.
Conclusions. In the present study we determined a potent anti-inflammatory capacity of BS in specific and nonspecific
types of acute inflammation in rodents
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF EUCALYPTUS SPP. AND PISTASCIA LENTISCUS LEAF EXTRACTS
Get PDFBackground: Eucalyptus spp. and Pistascia lentiscus are among the Palestinian trees that are traditionally used in folkloric medicine in
treating many diseases; leaves of which are thought to have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant effects. The goal of this
study is to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory effect of Eucalyptus spp. and Pistascia lentiscus extracts on Lipopolysacaride (LPS)-induced
Interlukin-6 (Il-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) by polymorphonuclear Cells (PMNCs).
Materials and Methods: Polymorphonuclear cells were isolated from the whole blood using Histopaque (Ficol-1077) method and then
cultured in an enriched Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RBMI) medium. Supernatants’ Interlukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumor Necrosis Factor
(TNF-α) levels were determined 24 hour after LPS stimulation. HPLC was employed to determine the concentration of phenolic
compounds in the extracts. The concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6 were compared using paired-samples t test.
Results: Eucalyptus spp. and Pistascia lentiscus leaves extracts have shown significant reduction in the levels of both Il-6 and TNF-α
Gallic acid; a strong anti-inflammatory agent was found to be the major phenolic compound in both leaf extracts. However, other antiinflammatory
phenolic compounds were detected in Pitascia lentiscus extract including syringic acid and p-coumaric acid, while
chlorogenic acid was detected in Eucalyptus spp. leaf extract.
Conclusion: Reduction in the levels of Il-6 and TNF-α upon the effect of both Eucalyptus spp. and Pistascia lentiscus extract is an
indication of their anti-inflammatory effects. Our results may also indicate that the observed anti-inflammatory effect of the above
extracts may be due to the presence of gallic acid and other phenolic compounds
ANTIOXIDANTACTIVITYIN VITRO AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS IN VIVO OF COMPOUND LOBELIA
Get PDFBackground: Chinese medicine has its own uniqueness, advantageous in the treatment of hepatic diseases, and they were widely used in the oxidation.At the same time, oxidation is one of the mechanism of protect liver. Materials and Methods: In the present study, the antioxidant activity in vitro of different extracts from Compound Lobelia were estimated respectively by the methods of measuring the [2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulphonic acid] diamonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The protective effects on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in mice which was investigated by analyzing the result of biochemical parameters such as glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in serum, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue homogenate. Result: the result showed that ABTS free radical scavenging activity of ethanol extract (IC50=29.26±0.49 µg/mL) was stronger than that of water extract (IC50=42.09±2.44 µg/mL), but they were lower than that of BHT as positive control (IC50=2.47±0.09 µg/mL). The ferric reducing antioxidant power of ethanol extract (FRAP=329.03±46.30 µmol/g) was higher than that of water extract (FRAP=206.03±54.30 µmol/g); they were lower than that of BHT (FRAP=1541.87±9.70 µmol/g). Water extract and ethanol extract could significantly reduce GOT activity (
AN ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USED IN VILLAGES UNDER JONGILANGA TRIBAL COUNCIL, MPUMALANGA, SOUTH AFRICA
Get PDFBackground: Medicinal plants remain an integral part of the lives of people in rural areas. The aim of this study was to document
information about the medicinal plants used by Shangaan people in villages under Jongilanga tribal council, Bushbuckridge
municipality, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa.
Materials and Methods: An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire with
15 traditional healers as informants; one of them also served as a field guide during data collection. Results were analysed by using
various quantitative indices of information consensus factor (ICF), use report (UR), frequency citation (FC) and relative frequency
citation (RFC).
Results and Methods: The study reported 86 medicinal plants used in villages for the treatment of various ailments, the majority
(25 species) of which were used for urino-genital disorders. The Fabaceae family was the most represented family (17 species) of all
the medicinal plants recorded in this study. The roots were the most frequently used plant part, accounting for 56% of the plants
reported, and decoctions were often used in the preparation of herbal remedies. Respiratory diseases had the highest ICF value
recorded among the 8 categories of ailments. The highest use report was reported for Combretum collinum (4), while the FC and
RFC values (15) were highest in 12 plant species. The study revealed that medicinal plants are still widely used in rural areas and
this documentation can serve as an ethno pharmacological basis for selecting plants with potential pharmaceutical properties
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF Echinops kebericho AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENIC BACTERIA AND FUNGI
Get PDFa well known endemic medicinal plant in Ethiopia and is traditionally used to treat both infectious and non-infectious diseases. The
aim of this study was to evaluate antibacterial and antifungal activities of water, ethanol and methanol based crude extracts of E.
kebericho Mesfin against selected human pathogenic bacteria and fungi.
Materials and methods: Crude extracts of E. kebericho Mesfin were prepared by maceration method. Disc diffusion assay of the
extracts was carried out in four different concentrations against three different bacterial species and two clinically isolated fungal
species. Agar dilution method was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal and fungicidal
concentrations of the extracts.
Results: Water based extracts exhibited the lowest antimicrobial activity when compared the ethanol and methanol based extracts
(P< 0.05). Among the tested microorganisms, S. aureus, C. albicans and A. flavus were the most sensitive to alcohol based extracts.
The minimum inhibitory concentration of the alcohol based extract ranged from 3.12 to 25μg/ml while those of the water based
extracts were 100μg/ml and above. The lowest bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations of the ethanol and methanol based extracts
were observed to be 6.25μg/ml against S. aureus and C. albicans and 37.5μg/ml against E. coli.
Conclusions: The traditional use of E. kebericho by local people in treating various types of infectious and non-infectious diseases
was supported by this study. Antimicrobial activity of the medicinal plant varied with those of extraction solvents and against tested
microorganisms
THE EFFECT OF CAFFEINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON TRAINED INDIVIDUALS SUBJECTED TO MAXIMAL TREADMILL TEST.
Get PDFBackground: Intense physical training increases oxidative stress and inflammation, resulting into muscle and cellular
damage. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of caffeine supplementation on trained young individuals
subjected to two treadmill maximal tests.
Materials and Methods: It was a double-blind and crossover study comprising 24 active individuals within the age
group 18-30 years. The comparisons were conducted: the effect of exercise (week 1 x 2) and caffeine intake (GC x GP)
on thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) variables
during pre-exercise time (30 min. after caffeine or placebo intake) and post-exercise (5 min after treadmill test).
Results: The comparison between weeks 1 and 2 showed increase in the first week, in the following items: TBARS,
IL-6 and IL-10 in the GC and GP groups. The comparison within the same week showed that GC individuals presented
lower post-exercise TBARS values in the first and second weeks; IL- 6 presented higher post-exercise values in the GC
group in both weeks. The paired analysis comparing pre- and post-exercise, with and without caffeine showed that IL-6
presented higher post-exercise values in the GC group.
Conclusion: Caffeine used by athletes can decrease oxidative stress. The increased IL-6 suggest that this ergogenic
supplement may stimulate muscle hypertrophy, since IL-6 has myokine effect. However, the caffeine effect on IL-6
level and muscle hypertrophy increase should be better investigated in future studies
THE ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF URENA LOBATA L. FROMV GUANGXI ON MICE WITH STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PNEUMONIA
Get PDFBackground: Alcohol extract from the root of Urena lobata L. (ULL) had broad spectrum antimicrobial activity.
Studies in vitro have sho that ULL aqueous extract has antibacterial effect on S. aureusis, and the combination therapy
of the ULL aqueous extract with cefazolin sodium showed additive effect.
Materials and Methods: The mice underwent nasal inhalation with S. aureus, a subset of mice were intra-gastric
gavage with ULL and/or intravenous injection cefazolin sodium twice daily. After being exposed to S. aureus for 5
days, 10 days and 14 days respectively, the white blood cells count (WBC), neutrophils absolute value (NEU) and the
neutrophil percentage (NEU%) in peripheral blood, as well as the levels of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM
were determined using commercial kits. The colony count of S. aureus, the levels of interleukin (IL) -6 and IL-10 of
mice lung tissue were detected, and the pathological changes of lung tissue were examined using H & E staining.
Results: ULL significantly protected against S. aureus pneumonia, as evidenced by the remarkable decrease in the
rate of S. aureus colony count/lung weight, WBC, NEU and NEU% in peripheral blood, as well as the attenuation of
lung histopathological damage. Additionally, ULL+cefazolin could have markedly reduced the rate of S. aureus
colony count/lung weight when compared with cefazolin. Furthermore, ULL and ULL+cefazolin both could
significantly decrease the serum levels of IgG and IgM, and the levels of IL-6, IL-10 in mice lung tissue.
Conclusion: This study first demonstrated that ULL may have potential use as a therapeutic agent for S. aureus
pneumonia, and the roles of IgG, IgM, IL-6 and IL-10 in ULL protection against S. aureus pneumonia remain to be
further studied
EFFECT OF TRIPTOLIDE ON PROLIFERATION AND APOPTOSIS OF ANGIOTENSIN II-INDUCED CARDIAC FIBROBLASTS IN VITRO: A PRELIMINARY STUDY
Get PDFBackground: The effect of triptolide (TPL) on cardiac fibroblasts (CFbs) and cardiac fibrosis remain unknown till now.
This study was conducted to explore the effects of TPL on proliferation and apoptosis of angiotensin II (Ang
II)-induced CFbs.
Materials and Methods: Ang II was used to promote proliferation of CFbs. Two dosages of TPL (10ng/ml and
100ng/ml) were chosen. MTT assay was used to detect cell survival rate in vitro. Flow cytometer was performed to
analyze apoptosis of CFbs. Hydroxyproline concentration was detected with hydroxyproline assay kit. Quantitative
real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of TGF
EVALUATION OF ANTI-HYPERGLYCEMIC ACTIVITIES OF PHLORIDZIN IN DIABETIC MICE
Get PDFBackground: The aim of the study was to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of Phloridzin.
Methods and Materials: High fat diet induced diabetic KKAy mice were administered with phloridzin at an oral dose (60
mg/kg/day, ig.) for 10 weeks. A range of parameters, including blood glucose and lipid, serum insulin, glucose tolerance, were tested
to evaluate its anti-hyperglycemic effects.
Results: Phloridzin decreased water-intake, body weight, FBG, FINS, HOME-IR, Serum leptin, and CRP levels, increased serum
adiponectin level in diabetic mice. Phloridzin also improved the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to a certain degree. In addition,
phloridzin decreased liver index, and epididymal, perirenal white adipose tissue indexs, increased pancreas index in diabetic mice. At
last, phloridzin increased hepatic GK activity and hepatic glycogen level, decreased hepatic PEPCK, G-6-Pase activities in diabetic
mice.
Conclusions: Phloridzin possessed anti-hyperglycemic activities