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Reverse biomimetic analogies in design of architectural structures
Get PDFThis paper explores the concept of reverse analogies in biomimetic design of architectural structures. Design
paradigms based on biological models are engaged in appropriation of the biological forms, processes and
terminology. They are grounded in multidisciplinary studies of modes of transposition and implementation of identified
principles and natural laws in the discourse of spatial design with the goal of realization of optimal solutions that have
certain desired attributes of the biological systems. On the other hand, reverse analogies are related to the application
of concepts initially developed in architecture for research in different fields. It should be made distinction between
nature as a source of explanation and source of inspiration. While in the context of natural sciences validity of the
analogy is essentially important, in the case when the natural phenomena are used as a starting position for design
research week form of analogy is tolerable. Even misinterpretations and heretical concepts could be simulative for
design. The main advantage of the reverse analogies is in application of the freedom and liberal nature of the
architecture that enables development of the concepts out of pure design reasons. Sometimes in the modelling of the
phenomena not explained by the nature this approach could be simulative and catalytic. The goal of this paper is to
exploit potentials of reverse analogies for deriving patterns or feedback data that can be used for conception and
development of strategies and tools, or as an inspiration for formulation of intern morphological processes in design
of architectural structures
Methods and techniques to support cognitive processes of territorial resilience in developing countries - case study of Serbia
Get PDFCurrent global sustainable development dilemmas imply efficient and effective dealing with complex phenomena in
process of local territorial development governance. Climatically responsive planning actually focuses on the complex
and dynamic, integral, meta phenomena being driven by the interaction of the environment, economy and society.
Wide range of issues should be taken into consideration in process of local strategic thinking - from climate change
adaptation strategies and actions to the socioeconomic regional positioning. In developing and transitional countries,
such as Serbia, this is a big challenge for local authorities and governing institutions. Even if there is national political
and strategic determination and local understanding of importance of territorial cohesion, there is usually lack of
human knowledge and institutional capacity to perform and act within aggravating circumstances of overlapping
problems and insufficient assets. Since the potential risk situations are more and more pronounced, local
communities face a challenge of changing toward different collective action, short-term efficient as well as long-term
effective. That means transformation, evolution of local human systems structures and building the capacities of all
local urban-rural subsystems to strengthen resiliency to the global dynamics. The success of local planning and
management process, is directly dependent on the quality of the collective knowledge on which it relies. Experience
has shown that the traditional quantitative approaches to inform planning do not provide sufficient quality of reality
cognition necessary to formulate effective collective actions. Therefore, there is a need for an compass, an efficient
instrument to integrate and structure complex cognitive dynamics both in quantitative and qualitative way. Starting
from the assumption that Integral theory AQAL model to comprehend the complexity of reality could support and
improve local collective cognitive process we performed several case studies with aim to identify how this new
methodological approach could change and deepen planning collective perspective in Serbian local communities
enabling immediate and more prominent effective actions
Cooperative GIS platform for improving resilience to household risks - case study of Ada Medjica on Sava river in Belgrade
Get PDFFlooding is estimated to be most serious possible potential shock for Belgrade due to heightened awareness after the
floods in 2014. Heavy rainfall and raised level of the rivers Sava and Kolubara in municipality of Obrenovac within the
City of Belgrade region, located 30 kilometers southwest of Belgrade’s city center, caused flooding in an estimated
90% of the urban area. Flooding greatly affected buildings, infrastructure and agricultural land, especially in the areas
situated along the Sava and Danube rivers. The floods had a particularly damaging effect on hygiene, public health
and water supply. The impact of flooding on the productive activities of agriculture, trade and industry and housing
negatively affected economic growth, with a corresponding impact on livelihoods, income and employment, and a
significant decline in living conditions in the affected areas. As a response to lessons learned from the flooding City
of Belgrade identified several priorities. Except the necessity to conduct a comprehensive Belgrade Risk Assessment
and establish flood prevention systems and systems for mitigation of post-flood environmental, health, and
economical risks, it was underlined the importance to establish better risk disaster management and communications,
and to enhance and equip civil protection. The post disaster experience showed that many of these priorities are
tightly correlated in a numerous ways with smallest social units – households. Therefore, starting with the assumption
that use of smart information and communication technologies and motivating collaborative techniques enables
development of cooperative instrument for efficient improvement household resilience, the academy team performed
action research with a small communi........
.....enacting, and to evaluate its potential uses in all phases of potential shock or disasters. This paper represents the
overview of methodology and experimental results achieved by the joint efforts of students, teachers and community
Towards sustainable regional development through social networking - "Negotinska krajina" case
Get PDFLike many other rural regions in post-socialist countries, Negotinska krajina wine region faces serious decline in wine
production and severe depopulation. In order to reverse these negative trends, strengthening local capacities, through
development of social networks, exchange and transfer of knowledge, expertise and know-how, is recognised in
planning theory and practice as vital for more sustainable development of rural regions.
This paper presents a process of developing a complex and dynamic model of collaboration between local institutions,
companies and communities from Negotinska krajina region and Serbian and Italian academic and scientific
institutions, experts and companies, in order to achieve: a) Increased transfer of knowledge, experiences and
practices of local representatives and wine growers from Negotinska krajina region and partners; b) Increased knowhow
transfer among academic partners and practical knowledge transfer among local public, private and civic
stakeholders and academic institutions from Serbia and Italy; c) Institutionalized inter sectorial collaboration and ‘city
to city’ cooperation. Some of the partners in this collaboration are: University of Belgrade-Faculty of Architecture;..... Fondazione De Vittorio (ex IRES – Istituto Ricerche Economiche e Sociali); Department......– Società
cooperativa Agricola per azioni; Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade; University of Belgrade-Faculty of
Philosophy, and Italian Embassy in Belgrade
The science or art of mapping? - elaborating the process of TIS creation in city of Niš
Get PDFNowadays mapping has a wider
meaning in regards to our cognition of its complexity in physical, socio-economic, natural, institutional and cultural
aspects. Sustainability has opened plenty of meanings on city development from participation to systematic
management of city development. The question on who decides on city development opens a discussion on ways
and disciplines on its mapping. In other words the main issue is related to the source of knowledge, information and
data we collect, systematize and form into our cognition of the city in whole: ......
The research will consult two dominant paradigms in city development: collaborative and positivistic-rational in order
to track the ways on its mapping in Castell's network society. The main hypothesis is that mapping today is an artistic
thing in regards to Forester's dilemma on future of urban planning and development. Hence, we need art to integrate
different, more particular, worlds of the city using technology as an instrument of the process of integration. The
hypothesis will be elaborated using theoretical comparison as well as case study of TIS development in City of Niš
developed and implemented during UN-Habitat Settlement Integration Refugees Programme in Serbia, which was
developed over the five years together with relevant stakeholders
The architecture of garden as new recreation field of everyday urban life
Get PDFThe paper explores possibilities of the implementation of the garden in the context of everyday urban life, as a new
field of recreation and leisure activity, using the research by design method to investigate its potentials in the
contemporary context. The paper is based on the results of student’s research conducted on the academic course
Recreation - Contemporary Design Aspects, as a .......
Architecture, within the main topic concerning relationship between open space and leisure time.
Referring to theoretical grounds, gardens represent minimal “universes”, with the potential integration of various
spaces and locations incompatible with each other. Gardens are fragments of nature, different and desirable within
the urban everyday life, but also the bearers of ideas of the integration of landscape as the primary medium in the
construction of urban area. On the other hand, the idea of recreation and leisure activities is guided by the human’s
desire to step out of everyday life, but at the same time, to stay closely linked with other life activities. By this means,
recreation opens broad field for creative actions that could transform everyday urban life and refine its space. In this
research, architecture is recognized as a tool for creative harmonization of diverse programs, forms and experiences
of built and unbuilt, through the application and invention of new forms of recreational spaces and programs. Through
the idea of recreation as a universal program recognized as a modern need, research by design opens new
opportunities and explores diverse ways of new urban - natural synergy relying on the potentials of the single garden
in contemporary context
Typology of spatial ability tests and its implementation in architectural study entrance exams
Get PDFSpecialized spatial skills are necessary for success in various fields of STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education. Technical disciplines are an academic field where the largest correlation with spatial skills has been noticed, and therefore spatial skills have been included in the entrance exams of study of architecture at the University of Banja Luka.
Given that the scientific community has not reached consensus on what the spatial abilities are, there are various tests and tools used for its assessment, listed by factors that they measure. The paper will present typology of these factors and the variety of tests used for their assessment. This typology of tasks will be compared to the entrance exams held at the University of Banja Luka in the period 2005-2013.
Also, the results of entrance exams will be compared with the student’s success in specific groups of subjects during the study period to see if there would be any correlation among them.
Results indicate at the emergence of a new factor in assessing the ability of candidates to study architecture - ability of divergent thinking. This correlation of divergent thinking and spatial ability has also been a topic of the latest research in cognitive psychology
Tracing sustainable design strategies in the example of the traditional Ohrid house
No full textThis paper examines the sustainable design strategies of the Balkan vernacular architecture in the example of the traditional Ohrid house. The approach regarding the problem of resource conservation which is present in the selected examples of vernacular architecture offers the possibility of analysing and discussing the building strategies of the past, which are still considered to be relevant in terms of sustainability and environmental design. The subject of this research is the sustainable design strategies that refer to the reuse of building material and the measures regarding waste reduction in the form of its incorporation into new building materials. The research points to sustainable solutions regarding on-site minimisation of construction waste in the example of the traditional Ohrid hobse during the following three phases of the life cycle of both the material and the building: pre-building, building, and post building phase. The applied on-site waste minimisation measures and the principle of using materials with low-embodied energy, identified in the example of the traditional Ohrid house, can be understood as the conceptual basis for finding more efficient solutions in today's material and energy conservation practices, proving that sustainable architecture could be achieved by a simple and thoughtful application of local materials and building techniques
Svesnost studenata arhitekture o primeni univerzalnog dizajna u građenom okruženju
Get PDFIn the past, the foundations for building the environment were the characteristics of an average person. Those who did not fit in the average were practically unable to participate on an equal footing in the life of the community. The concept of universal design involves providing opportunities to satisfy the requirements of all users, among others, of persons with disabilities, young children and elderly persons, to participate in various areas of society. The architecture creates and shapes the environment in which human beings can live. The aim of this research was to examine the awareness of architecture students as future professionals about the existing application of the concept of universal design in the built environment by investigating the influence of prior learning, the cycle of academic studies and being in contact with people with disabilities. The study sample consisted of 129 students of the Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade (60 first-year students of undergraduate studies and 69 first-year students of master academic studies). For this purpose, a special questionnaire was designed containing 10 questions about the students' awareness of the application of universal design in the built environment. The results showed that the cycle of academic studies affected the greater awareness of architecture students, whereas the type of secondary education and acquaintance with people with disabilities did not have a significant impact.Nekada su osnove za izgradnju okruženja bile karakteristike prosečnog čoveka. Oni koji se nisu uklapali u taj prosek bili su praktično onemogućeni da na ravnopravnim osnovama učestvuju u životu društvene zajednice. Koncept univerzalnog dizajna podrazumeva pružanje mogućnosti zadovoljenja zahteva svih korisnika, između ostalih, osoba sa invaliditetom, male dece i starih osoba za učešće u raznim oblastima društva. Arhitektura stvara i oblikuje okolinu u kojoj ljudska bića mogu živeti. Cilj ovog istraživanja je ispitivanje svesnosti studenata arhitekture, kao budućih profesionalaca, o postojećoj primeni koncepta univerzalnog dizajna u oblasti izgradnje okruženja uz ispitivanje uticaja prethodnog obrazovanja, ciklusa akademskih studija i postojanja kontakta sa osobama sa invaliditetom. Uzorak istraživanja je činilo 129 studenata Arhitektonskog fakulteta Univerziteta u Beogradu (60 studenata prve godine osnovnih akademskih studija i 69 studenata prve godine master akademskih studija). Za istraživanje je konstruisan poseban upitnik koji sadrži 10 pitanja o svesnosti studenata o primeni univerzalnog dizajna u izgrađenom okruženju. Rezultati pokazuju da na veću svesnost studenata arhitekture utiče ciklus akademskih studija, ali da značajan uticaj nema vrsta srednjoškolskog obrazovanja i poznavanje osoba sa invaliditetom
Новомедијска архитектура - модалитети употребе нових медија у архитектонској пракси
Get PDFThis research will focus on application modalities of new meia and technologies in architectural practice...Predmet ovog istraživanja su novi mediji i tehnologije u arhitekturi..