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Determination of the Mohr-Coulomb Material Parameters for Concrete under Indirect Tensile Test
Get PDFThis paper presents determination of the Mohr-Coulomb material parameters for concrete under indirect tensile testing, design of experiments and numerical simulations. Experiments are designed to control input variables associated with inhomogeneous starting material, sample preparation and testing equipment. Statistical analysis of the experimental data is applied in order to correlate material's deformational behaviour with change in cement content. Presented paper discusses a simple method, based on experimental and theoretical framework, to determine two material parameters for concrete: cohesion (c) and angle of internal friction (φ) from indirect tensile test. Cohesion is obtained from experimental results using elastic and plastic theory of concrete deformation. Prandtl's theory is applied to obtain the angle of internal friction from measured bearing capacity and cohesion. Numerical analysis by finite-element method is used for verification of experimental results, employing step-by-step integration procedure for solving the boundary value problem
Determination of the Mohr-Coulomb Material Parameters for Concrete under Indirect Tensile Test
Get PDFThis paper presents determination of the Mohr-Coulomb material parameters for concrete under indirect tensile testing, design of experiments and numerical
simulations. Experiments are designed to control input variables associated with inhomogeneous starting material, sample preparation and testing equipment. Statistical
analysis of the experimental data is applied in order to correlate material's deformational behaviour with change in cement content. Presented paper discusses a simple
method, based on experimental and theoretical framework, to determine two material parameters for concrete: cohesion (c) and angle of internal friction (φ) from indirect
tensile test. Cohesion is obtained from experimental results using elastic and plastic theory of concrete deformation. Prandtl's theory is applied to obtain the angle of internal
friction from measured bearing capacity and cohesion. Numerical analysis by finite-element method is used for verification of experimental results, employing step-by-step
integration procedure for solving the boundary value problem
The death of aesthetics in architectural education? Possibilities for contemporary pedagogy
Get PDFThe importance of aesthetics within architecture has a long history. Although evidence suggests that the term was not brought into the place of architectural writing until 17351, the place of aesthetics can be identified across architectural theory and philosophy since the time of Vitruvius. Developing an aesthetic sensibility was seen as crucial for an architect and the study of architecture was understood through the three Vitruvian lenses (utlitas, firmitas, venustas) one of which, venustas, is directly associated with aesthetics. This paper responds to the current and ongoing discussions between architects, architectural educators and architectural students on the role of aesthetics in architectural education and professional practice today. It was initially inspired by questions raised at the 2017 and 2018 annual conferences of the Society of Architectural Historians (SAH 2017 and 2018) about the role of architectural history in architectural design and practice today, and in line with this, questions about place of aesthetics in architectural education. This paper considers the place of aesthetics in architectural education and provides a detailed overview of the key pedagogical interventions undertaken in one architectural studies programme which might serve as a guide for educators interested in maintaining the place of aesthetics in contemporary architectural education. It suggests that aesthetics can continue to play a key role in the architectural curriculum whilst a focus on design problem-solving and achieving the contemporary educational requirements of accreditation is maintained
World cultural heritage in Kosovo and Metohija as a stability and peace factor in the region
No full textThe Republic of Serbia has one inscribed ancient and four medieval sites on the UNESCO
World Heritage List. The World Heritage Committee placed the church of the Holy Virgin of Ljeviška in Prizren and the Patriarchate of Peć Monastery, Dečani Monastery and
Gračanica Monastery on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 2006 due to difficulties in
their preservation and management, as well as for the damage they suffered during ethnic conflicts. Pursuant to the UN resolution 1244, they are currently in the territory under
the control of United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK). The Committee recommended
Serbia to work with UNESCO and UNMIK programmes and with the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government in Kosovo for the purpose of protection of this World Heritage
site. However, in addition to these monuments, there are over 1500 holy places (monasteries, churches, cemeteries) in Kosovo and Metohija, which testify to the century-long
presence of the Serbian people and Orthodox religion. Over the course of the history,
they suffered multiple times as a consequence of wars and political turmoil, which has
been confirmed by international missions (UNESCO and the Council of Europe). With
the aim of preserving and protecting the monasteries, the need for the establishment of
protection zones was emphasized, which was specifically presented in provision V of the
Ahtisaari Plan for religious heritage. Due to its inclusion into the international system of
protection and monitoring and by means of WHS, in the immediate future, it is necessary
to restart the talks on how this cultural heritage could be understood as a key element
in establishing better cultural relations between Serbian and Albanian people. Through
their adequate preservation, improvement and management, within world heritage, they
become sites of significance for interpretation and presentation of cultural diversity, promotion of local and regional values, studies and education of the young, interethnic and
intercultural dialogue etc. In this sense, the paper examines the possibilities of improvement of the current state of their protection and presentation by way of integration of
international, national and local protection, understanding this area as a specific cultural
landscape
Heat flux transmission assessment of a vegetation wall influence on the building envelope thermal conductivity in Belgrade climate
No full textVegetation integration in architectural buildings is one of the sustainable approaches for the building's facade development. The vegetation walls in architecture are innovative concepts of green building. This paper deals with the experimental and theoretical examination of vertically greened walls in the process of facade envelope optimization. The objective is to determine the contribution of the vegetation walls to the improvement of the energy properties of the envelope through experiments and models. The research analyzed the energy specificity of the vegetation walls and their contribution to the improvement of the thermal properties of the facade coating in Belgrade climatic conditions. For the research purposes, an experimental model was developed on which the relevant temperature values and thermal conductivity coefficients were measured. Measurements have shown that vegetation affects the reduction of the surface temperature of the envelope and affects the value of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the facade envelope. The research has shown that the facade wall containing plants has a significant influence on the temperature balance in the facade of the building. The methodology presented in this paper is based on the analysis of the climate characteristics in the measuring area, measurement of temperature values in the experimental model and comparative analysis. During the experiment, the vegetation elements were treated as elements that influence the facade envelope overheating reduction. It has been concluded, from previous researches, that by using the vegetation walls, the south-oriented wall has a lower thermal absorption and a lesser value of heat flux. Data analysis enabled the assessment of the thermal insulation efficiency of the wall using vegetation during the summer period. The proposed methodology enables a quantitative analysis of the effects of vertical greenery
Mixed Reality Environment and Open Public Space Design
Get PDFThe text explores potentials of use of mixed reality in urban design, specifically in public open space design. Research presents the model that uses mixed reality environment, not solely as part of a process of computer aided design, but also as architecture design result or architecture itself. Model describes the design process of mixed reality open public space, a space in which user's perception is artificially modified so the user can see and use both real and virtual environments. Mixed reality open public space can dynamically change appearance of its spatial elements and allow open public space to be the product of user centred design. Such spaces are made to be used in a way users wish or need to employ them instead of making users change their behaviour in order to adjust to them
Rehabilitation and repurposing of the cooperative centres in the context of socialist built heritage
Get PDFMass construction of cooperative centres after the Second World War in the territory of ex-Yugoslavia and Serbia represented the first step in the envisaged general socialist transformation of villages and rural settlements in the urban border zones. As facilities that were supposed to be the engine of social and cultural life, the cooperative centres, by rule, have occupied central positions in villages and suburban settlements where the inhabitants were primarily working in agriculture. These buildings were the linchpins of planned (ideological) organization of rural settlements, buy they in effect represented only the best visible part of violent, and from scientific point of view, chaotic urbanization of villages.
When the ideals and value systems of the previously proclaimed and implemented social system were discarded in the last decades of the twentieth century, the paradigm of the socialist rural settlement organization model also changed in Serbia (as well as in other countries in the region). This rejection of the principles which were generally accepted for half of a century until that moment, created the possibility (which soon became reality) of increasing disregard for the architectural and built heritage of that period.
The surviving built heritage of the socialist period in the villages and city areas of Serbia is, from the viewpoint of the modern context, in various ways interesting for wide research, and conservation and revitalization projects. This paper aims to shed light on considerable opportunity for rehabilitation of the existing building inventory in Serbia (on the example of cooperative centres), thus contributing to the understanding of a very wide range of options for approach to heritage in rural and suburban spaces, i.e. the possible desired outcomes and benefits of such actions
Aesthetics of the architectural philosophy and/or transformation of the perception through the process of architectural design
No full textThe processes of perception of architectural design are determined by a number of different factors that influence the specific way of understanding the architectural design. For the purpose of understanding this phenomenon, the aim of this research will be analysis of different transformational potentials of the space, in relation to the specific processes of perception of architecture. In comparison with the dominant degree of determination of different, mechanical, formal, and program characteristics of architecture, the perceptual characteristics are unpredictable, because they depend on a number of subjective determinants, which are based on individual concepts and understandings of spatial characteristics. The model of change, expressed
through a series of complex processes of perception, thus determines a conceptual framework through which we can observe architectural design process. One of the main objectives of the research is valorization and analysis of perceptual potentials, and examination of different models of change of perceptual characteristics within which the perception of architecture is transformed. It is important to mention the possibility of an unlimited number of different subjective interpretations, which emphasize the openness of the process of forming an impression about a certain space,
and at the same time, it is positioning architecture in artistic discourse. The most visible contribution to this assertion is that visual perception of objects is never constant, but can depend on the position of the observer, or on changing atmospheric influences during the day and the year. This type of specific indeterminacy simultaneously suggests a deeper analysis of the conceptual frameworks under which the creative process takes place. After analyzing the theoretical framework, which will serve to determine the definitions and criteria for analysis, this research will use the case study methodology, where different buildings from the platform of contemporary architectural discourse are analyzed, through previously determined criteria. The research also seeks to analyze and determine the specificity of certain authors views on perception, i.e. the issue of authors thinking and decision-making in relation to perceptual processes, which will initiate a new field of knowledge in the domain of architectural discipline
and the methodology of architectural design. In this way, it points to the key concepts
that authors use in order to create variable perceptive characteristics of a specific architectural experience. By defining certain attitudes about the characteristics of space, through the subject of perception of architectural design, various varied, complex, and subjective impressions can be re-examined which are usually abstract and difficult to represent
METEOR Lux Showroom Belgrade [BAB 2019]
Get PDFInterior space designed for exhibiting various product lines of domestic manufacturer from Belgrade - METEOR. M lux department of the factory is focused on the design and production of handmade elements for interior design. The product design concept is based on the ability to choose the aesthetic and functional values of the product through the selection of form, material, finishing, color, as well as additional elements that lead to the creation of a unique element that contributes to the quality of space. Simplified spatial planning with neutral colors and contrasting surfaces in the interior puts focus on exhibited products. The position of exhibited elements, as well as a combination of different modules, emphasizes contemporary product design. The spatial arrangement of elements in the showroom encourages visitors to participate in the process of designing lamps and furniture which is the ideal solution for the needs and requirements
Peculiar Properties and Possible Ways of Improvement of Current Fourfold Village Settlements Classifications in Republic of Serbia
Get PDFStatement of the problem. At the current moment, a system of typological classification of village settlements in Republic of Serbia is made out of four independent classifications, which are only loosely tied to each other. These classifications are based on: the way of settlements’ occurrence, settlements’ urban-morphological features, its size, and its function inside a broader set of settlements.
Results. Summed up, the results of all four typologies create an abundance of input information for a later process of urban planning and design: they make it sluggish, and so, uneasy to handle. This is especially noticeable in large-scale spatial planning, which strongly relies on spatial diagrams, so it is in the need of concentrated information. Having in mind all aforementioned, the authors took the liberty to try to optimize the current fourfold classification system. The optimization was done through checking the output data relevance in context of modern urban planning and design workflows, and assuring, that there is no overlapping information.
Conclusions As a result, a brand new, purified and optimized village settlement classification was proposed, along with short demonstration of its practical use