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Dealing with Shrinking Cities through Urban Design
Get PDFThis paper aims to clarify the role of urban design as a tool to redevelop demographically and economically shrinking cities, which are becoming more and more frequent across the world. Traditionally, scholars and practitioners position urban planning, the second “pillar” of urbanism, as the main tool to deal with the problems caused by urban shrinkage. Despite this widespread opinion, urban design cannot be omitted in urban policies for shrinking cities, but its role is still insufficiently defined. Therefore, this paper is the review of the theoretical knowledge and the best practice about the potential of urban design to redevelop shrinking cities and its parts. To properly define this role, urban design is compared with urban planning. Final results from the comparison determine how the role of urban design can be further improved in this process
Legacy of the Triad: Architecture in Medieval Serbia between Style and Ideology in the Work of Aleksandar Deroko
Get PDFDespite criticism that has been leveled against Gabriel Millet's well-known tripartite subdivision of architecture of medieval Serbia into three distinct 'schools', its scholarly authority still remains largely unchallenged. Yet what is believed to have stemmed from Millet's ingenious research was inextricably linked with the ideological project of Serbian national emancipation during the first decades of the twentieth century. His stylistic triad of L'école de Rascie, L'école de la Serbie byzantine and L'école de la Morava had an unexpectedly vivid and profound afterlife in the entirely new context of socialist Yugoslavia — in terms of both scholarship and ideological resonance. Its main proponent was Serbian architectural historian Aleksandar Deroko, whose book entitled Monumental and Decorative Architecture in Medieval Serbia apparently only reiterated the existing subdivision of medieval architecture by simply amending the 'schools' into 'groups'. Nevertheless, a closer insight into three successive editions of the book issued in 1953, 1962 and 1985 reveals a series of Deroko's encounters with the Milletian framework, suggesting that his enterprise can be seen as instrumental the ideological re-appropriation of medieval heritage in the context of the national question in Yugoslavia
Технике грађења и развој грађевинске делатности у стамбеној архитектури Београда у међуратном периоду
Get PDFМеђуратни период карактеришу убрзана урбанизација града и велики обим стамбене изградње, која и поред тога није могла да одговори на високу потражњу станова, услед наглог
повећања броја становника. Грађени су луксузни велики станови, у зградама од чврстог материјала, и мали дворишни станови у трошним кућама, за сиромашно радничко становништво.
У раду су истражена грађевинска достигнућа и технике грађења које су примењиване у стамбеној архитектури Београда у међуратном периоду, када је фокус био на солидно грађеним
зградама које и данас чине стамбени фонд града. Овај период представља наставак примене
зидова зиданих опеком као доминантним материјалом, а највише промена и иновативних решења показало се и применило на међуспратним конструкцијама те је њихов развој био прогресиван искорак у решавању конструктивних елемената. Новину у грађењу представља већа
употреба армираног бетона, превасходно у изради међуспратних конструкција и темеља, док
опека и даље остаје једини материјал за израду зидова. Између два рата знатно се унапређује
техничка регулатива нарочито усвајањем Грађевинског закона 1931. године.
Рад је део ширег и временски обухватнијег истраживања техника грађења у стамбеној
архитектури Београда, спроведеног за потребе дефинисања типологије склопова елемената
конструкције, с циљем да се валоризује квалитет стамбеног комфора београдских зградаThe interwar period was marked by a progressive urbanisation of the city of Belgrade and
considerable residential construction works, which nevertheless could not respond to the
high demand for housing caused by the rapid population growth. Large, luxurious apartments
were built in buildings made of solid material, as well as small, courtyard flats in dilapidated
houses intended for the poor working class. The paper explores construction achievements
and techniques applied in the residential architecture of Belgrade during the interwar period,
focusing on solid buildings that make up the housing stock of the city even to this day. From the
perspective of the civil engineering development, the period between the two world wars saw
the continual usage of massive structures and bricks as dominant masonry material, while the
greatest number of changes and innovative solutions could be seen in the construction of floors,
the development of which represented a significant breakthrough regarding the construction
elements used in residential buildings. The novelty was a greater usage of reinforced concrete that
was predominantly used for the construction of floors and foundations, while bricks remained
the only wall-building material. That period saw a significant improvement of the technical
legislation, primarily through the adoption of the 1931 Construction Law. The paper is part of
a more comprehensive research covering a wider period of time that looks into the construction
techniques applied in the residential architecture of Belgrade, and which was conducted for the
purpose of setting up the typology of construction assembly elements with the general view to
valorising the comfort in Belgrade residential buildings
Assessment of the sustainability of façade refurbishment
Get PDFDominant share of the residential stock in the European countries has an exploited service life and is in a need for façade refurbishment. This paper contributes with an establishment of a tool for assessment of the sustainability of design options for buildings` façade refurbishment. The tool is based on a multicriteria system, assessing four design criteria, relevant to the process of façade refurbishment. The criteria are evaluated by several surveyed participants by utilizing the Analytic-Hierarchic Process (AHP).The tool is applied on several façade refurbishment design proposals assessment on a case-study of a residential building situated in Skopje, Western Balkans, Europe. Each of the façade proposals is assessed regarding their energy performance, CO2 emissions, investment costs and return of investment. Further, the results of the LCA analysis of the applied materials shows the contribution of each of them to the overall sustainability performance. The results of this research show that the use of wood and modified wood products as façade elements used for buildings` façade refurbishment can substantially decrease the greenhouse emissions and contribute to the carbon offset. However, due to the higher investment costs, the return of the investment is longer, leading to lower sustainability assessment ranking. It is concluded that the refurbishment of the façade with a conventional contact façade has the highest ranking on sustainability, followed by façade refurbishment with contact façade combined with only roof refurbishment/glazing refurbishment or both. Also, the modified wood wall types show high sustainability ranking regarding their refurbishment potential
Legacy of the triad: architecture in medieval Serbia between style and ideology in the work of Aleksandar Deroko
Get PDFDespite criticism that has been leveled against Gabriel Millet’s well-known tripartite subdivision of architecture of medieval Serbia into three distinct ‘schools’, its scholarly authority still remains largely unchallenged. Yet what is believed to have stemmed from Millet’s ingenious research was inextricably linked with the ideological project of Serbian national emancipation during the first decades of the twentieth century. His stylistic triad of L'école de Rascie, L'école de la serbie byzantine and
L'école de la Morava had an unexpectedly vivid and profound afterlife in the entirely new context of socialist Yugoslavia – in terms of both scholarship and ideological resonance. Its main proponent was Serbian architectural historian Aleksandar Deroko, whose book entitled Monumental and Decorative Architecture in Medieval Serbia apparently only reiterated the existing supervision of into ‘groups’. Nevertheless, a closer look at three successive editions of the book published in 1953, 1962 and 1985 reveals a series of Deroko’s encounters with the Milletian framework, suggesting that his enterprise can be seen as instrumental to the ideological re-appropriation of medieval heritage in the context of the national question in Yugoslavia
Ликовно-пластички аспект архитектуре: Улога морфологије у архитектури становања
Get PDFИзграђени архитектонски објекат у урбаном контексту примарно доживљавамо као форму, перципирајући га кроз његове обликовне карактеристике, а тек посредно као процес или просторну намеру. Упркос томе, може се рећи да форма представља уобличење намера и процеса. Форма утиче на то како живимо, како мислимо и како деламо. Архитектонске одлуке које су у вези са обликовањем архитектонског објекта представљају важан аспект и део процеса пројектовања.
Процес пројектовања у оквиру предмета Студио 03б започиње тематском jединицом Волуметрија, а следи је тематска јединица под називом Угаони мотив. Два задатка у великој мери се могу сматрати комплементарним, јер други задатак (угаони мотив) методолошки произилази из првог. У складу са тиме, поглавље је конципирано као целина сачињена из три сегмента: (1) Појмовник који служи разоткривању слојевитих и сложених значења појмова који су важни за процес пројектовања који се односи на обликовање, (2) Историјско-теоријски преглед и (3) Пројектантско-методолошки апаратус
Geotourism as a development tool of the Geo-mining Park in Sardinia
No full textTheory and practice about geoparks and the geotourism concept consider not only the geological heritage, but also its relationship to all other aspects of the natural, cultural and intangible heritage as a cornerstone of sustainability and well-being. In doing so, geotourism could be a powerful tool for the preservation and development of the heritage. The Geo-mining Park in Sardinia marks centuries of geological, mining and historical and environmental heritage. The recognition of the Sardinian Geopark by UNESCO in 1997 as innovative, and as a heritage of great importance, created administrative and legislative opportunities. However, the territory lacks a territorial development strategy and administration structure for managing the heritage. With the indirect pressure from the tourism industry the region faces, over the next few decades, a deep social-economic crisis and neglect of the landscapes and settlements. This paper aims to examine geotourism as sustainable strategic approach and territorial planning tool that based on multi-source networking and, that benefits both, development of the local community and preservation of the Geo-mining Park in Sardinia
Toward the Integration of SDGs in Higher Planning Education: Insights from Integrated Urbanism Study Program in Belgrade
Get PDFWith the adoption of theUNAgenda 2030, UNESCO has put forward new recommendations
to integrate Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) into the teaching process. In particular, SDG
11—“Sustainable cities and communities”—is aimed at education in the field of urban planning.
In parallel with this, the Guidelines of the European Council of Spatial Planners ECTP-CEU have set out the skills needed for the planning profession. The goal of this paper was to verify the compatibility of the curricula of the master’s study program in Integrated Urbanism at the Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, with the recommendations of the UN, UNESCO, and ECTP-CEU. A qualitative analysis of the structure and content of the course curricula was applied on three levels; curricula were compared to: (a) the expected skills in the planning profession, (b) the SDG 11 targets defined in UN Agenda 2030, and (c) the learning objectives, as formulated by UNESCO. The research results highlight several key aspects to improve the curricula, and include the concept of sustainability: (a) the structure of the course curricula, (b) interdisciplinarity, (c) partnerships with institutions and communities, (d) links with scientific research work, (e) practice orientation, (f) improving teachers’ competence levels, and (g) improving the accreditation process. These results can be used as guidelines to improve the curricula of the Integrated Urbanism study program in the next accreditation cycle, and also as a methodological approach to verify the compatibility and dimensions of higher planning education (HPE) in relation to the expected skills and global requirements of education for sustainable development (ESD)
A simple permutoassociahedron
Get PDFIn the early 1990s, a family of combinatorial CW-complexes named permutoassociahedra was introduced by Kapranov, and it was realised by Reiner and Ziegler as a family of convex polytopes. The polytopes in this family are “hybrids” of permutohedra and associahedra. Since permutohedra and associahedra are simple, it is natural to search for a family of simple permutoassociahedra, which is still adequate for a topological proof of Mac Lane’s coherence. This paper presents such a family
Digital Spatial Diagrammatics: Space and Information in the Age of Strategic Design Intelligence [datascapes]
Get PDFThe core interest of this study will be the relationship involving space, data/information, spatial inscription and representation, reasoning, and decision-making as part of the current digital phase. We will look at how digitality (as the cultural and philosophical framework), digital sciences and technologies (as its practical counterpart), and digital media and creativity have transformed spatial awareness, action, notation, and imagery, and what role spatial and architectural design thinking and performance have taken within these tendencies as both their initiators or leading developers and their contributors, highly influenced by digital technologies, tools, and the unlimited design possibilities warranted in the digital world. Starting from the outline of space informatisation and cyberisation as a broader social condition, a more focused argument will be built upon the question of what digital diagrammatics stands for. Operating along the scale from the logical abstractions and complexities in inferencing that guide intellectual plots, processing, and relational networking behind the ideas and concepts to their materiality. objecthood, or different physical manifestations, digital diagrammatics has acquired a specific role of spatial agency through data. Datascapes—environments defined, designed, or mapped by data; scapes of information; superpositions of multiple physical and virtual realities inasmuch as one of them alone—will be examined from the diagrammatic architectural perspective, asking: How do diagrammatic and spatial strategies employ and articulate data for different purposes, and what are the outcomes of digital data operations in a diagrammatic spatial layout? What are the ways in which they are practiced across the disciplinary system while dealing with data in a documentary, scientific, or creative manner? Supported by comments on historical precedents and forms that laid their foundations, the answers on how digital language and literacy (as pivotal features of the underlying system of new digital media and its hybrid aesthetics) have transformed the ways in which spatial or any other information is used and comprehended are expected to come as a conclusion.Invited Participation (by Prof. Amirouche Moktefi); Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech), Tallinn, Estonia; Department of Law, TalTech; Ragnar Nurkse School of Innovation and Governance, TalTech; TalTech Mektory, L’Institut Françaisd’Estonie (IFE) ; Organisers: Peeter Müürsepp (Department of Law, TalTech), Ahti-Veikko Pietarinen, Amirouche Moktefi, Marika Proover (Ragnar Nurkse School of Innovation and Governance, TalTech) ; Session Chair: Raul Veed