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Translation to Serbian and transcultural adaptation of the Fraboni Scale of Ageism in a population of community pharmacists
No full textThe Fraboni Scale of Ageism (FSA) is a comprehensive and explicit instrument developed in Canada for assessing ageism. However, the effectiveness of its translation into Serbian has not been tested previously. Our aim was to translate the FSA into Serbian, conduct transcultural adaptation, and evaluate its psychometric properties to assess ageism among community pharmacists. The study adhered to the Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) guidelines for the translation and transcultural adaptation of questionnaires. The translation was tested on a sample of 436 community pharmacists in Serbia. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis was conducted using the generalized least squares method with varimax rotation. The final adapted Serbian translation of the FSA consisted of 23 questions and demonstrated good reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.821. Factor analysis identified seven dimensions of ageism, categorized into cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects. Factors 1, 4, and 6 (social separation of the elderly, discrimination against the elderly, and avoidance of socializing with the elderly) pertain to the behavioral aspect of ageism. Factors 2 and 3 (avoidance of communication with the elderly and avoidance of living with the elderly) relate to the affective aspect, whereas factors 5 and 7 address the cognitive aspect of ageism. The translated and modified FSA scale is a reliable tool for detecting and quantifying ageism among community pharmacists in Serbia
Ispitivanje citotoksičnog potencijala gljiva za medicinsku upotrebu in vitro u ljudskih staničnih linija raka dojke
No full textMedicinal mushroom extracts, i.e.Their dried biomass, have long been known as sources of bioactive compounds with positive effects on the human health. The antioxidant, antigenotoxic, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties of the commercially available extracts Agaricus blazei auct. non Murrill (AB), Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc. (CS), and Immune Assist (IA) have already been documented. This study, studied the influence of these three mushrooms on the viability of cell lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HS-5. The cytotoxicity of AB, CS, and IA at different concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/mL) was evaluated using the MTT assay. The results showed that AB was the most effective and induced cytotoxicity in both cancer cell lines, with IC50 values of 96.7 μg/mL for MCF-7 and 368.4 μg/mL for MDA-MB-231. After treatment with CS and IA, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration was reached only in MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50=613 μg/mL for CS and 343.3 μg/mL for IA). We have shown here that AB, CS and IA can suppress the growth of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, while affecting the survival of healthy HS-5 cells to a much lesser extent. Our in vitro results suggested that AB, CS and IA are promising natural sources with potential anticancer activity
Molecular modeling and design of new PI3K/HDAC dual inhibitors
No full textPhosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K) are enzymes that play a crucial role in the regulation of
cellular processes, and elevated PI3K levels are associated with the pathogenesis of various tumors.
Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) plays an important role in tumorigenesis and is therefore an
important target for tumor therapy. Previous studies have shown that PI3K and HDAC inhibitors act
synergistically against cancer. For this reason, our study focused on the development of dual
PI3K/HDAC inhibitors as a new type of anticancer agent. Novel PI3K/HDAC inhibitors were
designed by modifying the structure of the pan-PI3K inhibitor copanlisib, using molecular docking
to identify moieties that are not involved in essential interactions to inhibit the PI3Kα isoform.
These moieties were used to introduce structural features required for inhibition of HDAC6 to
achieve a dual PI3K/HDAC inhibitory activity. Based on the identified key interactions with the
PI3K and HDAC enzymes, docking scoring values and calculated ADMET properties, compound 4
emerged as the best candidate for further synthesis and evaluation.17th International Conference on Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Physical Chemistry, September 23-27, 2024 Belgrade, Serbi
Comparative Chemical Analysis and Bioactive Properties of Aqueous and Glucan-Rich Extracts of Three Widely Appreciated Mushrooms: Agaricus bisporus (J.E.Lange) Imbach, Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull.) Murill and Agrocybe aegerita (V. Brig.) Vizzini
No full textHerein we describe the antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing potential of aqueous and polysaccharide extracts from three widely appreciated mushrooms: Agrocybe aegerita, Laetiporus sulphureus and Agaricus bisporus. Moreover, we present their detailed phenolic, polysaccharide and protein profiles and ATR-FTIR spectra. The study found that polysaccharide extracts (PEs) from mushrooms had higher total and β-glucan levels than aqueous extracts (AEs), with A. aegerita showing the highest content. L. sulphureus had a higher total protein content, and A. aegerita AE had the highest phenolic content. Our results indicate that all the tested extracts have high potential regarding their bioactive properties, with A. aegerita being the most promising one. Namely, the antibacterial activity assay showed that the development of the skin-infection-causing agent, Staphylococcus aureus, was inhibited with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 4.00 mg/mL and minimal bactericidal concentration of 8.00 mg/mL, while the results regarding wound healing showed that, over the course of 24 h, the A. aegerita extract actively promoted wound closure in the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line model. The anti-inflammatory activity results clearly showed that when we used S. aureus as an inflammation-inducing agent and the A. aegerita aqueous extract in treatment, IL-6 levels reduced to the level of 4.56 pg/mL. The obtained data suggest that the tested mushroom extracts may serve as a source of bioactive compounds, with potential applications in the cosmeceutical, pharmaceutical and food industries. Furthermore, potential skin preparations carefully crafted with mushroom extract may help restore the skin’s barrier function, decrease the probability of staph infections and minimize skin irritation
Anatomical study of Japanese Knotweed (Reynoutria japonica Houtt., Polygonaceae): key insights for identifying an invasive species with medicinal traits
No full textThe macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the above - and underground organs, along with features of powdered plant material of the invasive species Reynoutria japonica Houtt., Polygonaceae, as a potential raw material for the pharmaceutical industry, were examined. No specific characteristics of the stem, root, and rhizome were identified that could independently allow for species determination. However, identifying features include the leaf midrib with its protrusions, vascular bundle arrangement and trichomes. The leaf powder is characterized by presence of epidermal cells with wavy walls, anisocytic stomata, numerous crystal druses, and conical unicellular trichomes. The elements present in the rhizome and root powder are crystal druses, cork fragments, vessels, macrosclereids, and grouped starch grains. The use of R. japonica as medicinal raw material could help to reduce the negative impact of this species on habitats and biodiversity in Serbia
Hepatotoxicity of a mixture of bisphenol A, bisphenol S, and bisphenol F: an analysis of toxicogenomic data
No full textBisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), and bisphenol F (BPF) are widely used in the industry for the production of plastics and
resins, but their potential hepatotoxicity raises concerns due to possible health risks. The aim of this study was to investigate
the hepatotoxicity of a mixture of BPA, BPS, and BPF using an in silico analysis of toxicogenomic data. For this purpose, the
Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD, https://ctdbase.org/), Cytoscape, GeneMANIA (https://genemania.org/), and
the Toppgene tool toppfun function (https://toppgene.cchmc.org/) were used for bioinformatic analysis. In the CTD database,
gene sets were identified that could contribute to the development of liver diseases, chemical and drug-induced liver injury due
to BPA, BPS, and BPF. A total of 150 common genes for all three bisphenols were identified. Cytoscape analysis highlighted the
5 most significant genes among these 150 common genes, which are ARG1, KNG1, CP, APOA1, and SERPING1, known to
have changes in their expression that can lead to liver function impairment. In the GeneMANIA predictive server, it was found
that the dominant type of interaction among the common genes for BPA, BPS, and BPF was co-expression (52.54%). Genes of
interest were involved in pathways such as the nuclear receptors pathway, metabolism, and the hydrocarbon receptor pathway,
as well as biological processes including the regulation of programmed cell death, regulation of the apoptotic process, and small
molecule biosynthetic processes. Additionally, molecular functions such as oxidoreductase activity, signalling receptor binding,
and cell adhesion molecule binding were identified, all of which are linked to the development of hepatotoxicity. In conclusion, it
was determined that the mixture of BPA, BPS, and BPF can induce hepatotoxicity by modulating key genes (ARG1, KNG1, CP,
APOA1, SERPING1) and pathways associated with the regulation of cell death processes, oxidoreductase activity, and nuclear
and hydrocarbon receptors.Abstracts of the 52nd EEMGS & 15th ICAW Meeting, September 23-27, 2024, Rovinj, Croati
Effects of toxic metal mixtures on oxidative status in prostate on male Wistar rats
No full textThe risk of developing prostate disease is related to aging, race, family history and lifestyle. Also experimental studies support the hypothesis that environmental chemicals, including toxic metals, may increase the risk of developing such disorders. However, traditional
toxicological studies primarily focus on assessing the impact of individual chemicals on disease development This approach, while valuable for understanding the toxicity of specific substances, may not fully
capture the complexities of real-world exposure scenarios where organisms are exposed to mixtures of chemicals.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a mixture of six
toxic metal(oid)s (As, Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr(VI), and Ni) on oxidative status
parameters in the prostate of male Wistar rats after exposure to different doses of this mixture. Aquatic solutions of toxic metal mixtures
were administered to experimental animals via oral gavage during 28
and 90 days.
Dose levels were determined on the basis of the prior human biomonitoring investigation. The experiment included control and treatment groups that received doses reflecting the lower confidence limit
of the Benchmark dose for effects on hormone levels (M1), median
concentrations (M2), 95th percentile concentrations (M3) and reference values of each individual metal according to literature sources (M4, only 28 days of exposure). After 28 and 90 days of exposure, the
animals were euthanized, their prostates were extracted and the redox
status parameters (IMA, MDA, SH groups, GSH and SOD) were determined in the tissue by spectrophotometric method.
In animals that were treated for 28 days, there was a statistically
significant increase in IMA in group M1. Additionally, there was a decrease in SH groups and GSH in groups M2 and M4, which indicates the
depletion of antioxidant protection reserves in the tissue. After 90 days
of exposure, a significant increase in the level of IMA was observed in
all treated groups, while in the case of other parameters there were no
significant differences compared to the control.In conclusion, the experimental study suggests that exposure to low doses of toxic metals reflecting environmental exposure can disrupt prostate function by altering
the redox status, leading to oxidative damage. Despite the observed increase in oxidative damage, the level of antioxidant protection remained
stable. The results of this study point to possible toxic effects of real-life
metal mixture on the prostate following prolonged exposure. These effects could be mediated through oxidative stress induction.Abstracts of the 58th Congress of the European Societies of Toxicology (EUROTOX 2024), "Toxicology – A Quest for safe Chemicals and Medicines.", 8-11 September 2024 • Copenhagen, Denmar
Acetamiprid's degradation products and mechanism: Part II – Inert atmosphere and charge storage
No full textReuse and/or recycling of spent adsorbents is taking a central role in modern thinking and catalyzed carbonization is the way forward. Herein we explore the carbonization of adsorbed acetamiprid, in an inert atmosphere, as a way of recycling and producing nitrogen-rich carbon material for potential use in supercapacitors. Added value material and the reuse of the adsorbent were achieved by carbonization at 700 °C under argon. The formation of a nitrogen-doped carbon layer as an active material on the adsorbent, bonded through a C-Si linkage, has been conclusively verified through elemental composition quantification using XPS and EDX measurements. Two-stage catalytic decomposition and condensation of the adsorbed pesticide is followed by TGA and TPD-MS. Attained carbon-based materials give stable Faradaic capacitance with a slight dependency on the number of adsorbing cycles. Capacitance calculated with respect to the adlayer carbon material reaches values as high as 610 F g−1. Galvanostatic Charge/Discharge measurement confirmed the stability of explored materials with a slight increase in capacitance over 1000 cycles. The presented results envisage electroactive materials preparation from environmental pollutants, adding value to spent adsorbents
Therapeutic drug monitoring of monoclonal antibodies in chronic inflammatory diseases: A snapshot of laboratories and applications across Europe
Get PDFThe European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) action ENOTTA (The European Network on Optimising Treatment with Therapeutic Antibodies in chronic inflammatory diseases) was launched in 2022. To pave the way for harmonization of analytical methods for quantitation of serum levels of therapeutic antibodies in research and clinical settings, ENOTTA recently performed an online survey mapping laboratories in the field. The survey, which contained 30 questions surrounding therapeutic drug monitoring of relevant drugs and anti-drug antibodies, was distributed via the ENOTTA and European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory networks. Among 63 respondents across Europe, 45 reported analytical activity, with a range of utilized methods. Future engagement of as many sites as possible will enable comparison of methodologies and facilitate progress in the field