Plant Introduction
Not a member yet
60263 research outputs found
Sort by
Abstract WP341: Recurrent hypoglycemia exposure increases post-ischemic hypoperfusion in female insulin-treated diabetic rats
No full textCerebral ischemia is a serious complication of diabetes. Treatment of diabetes increases the risk of recurrent hypoglycemia (RH). RH exposure leads to severe post-ischemic hypoperfusion at least up to 80 minutes and increases the extent of ischemic brain injury in insulin-treated diabetic (ITD) rats. Since the total duration for which these perfusion deficits last is unknown, we evaluated cerebral blood flow (CBF) up to 5 days post-ischemia in RH-exposed ITD rats using laser speckle imaging. We observed that post-ischemic hypoperfusion lasts for up to 24 hours in male ITD rats. Since response to glucose counterregulation is different between women and men, we tested the hypothesis that RH exposure results in sustained severe post-ischemic hypoperfusion in RH-exposed female ITD rats and leads to an increased ischemic brain injury. Streptozotocin diabetic rats were treated with insulin, were randomly assigned to euglycemia control or hypoglycemia groups. Rats were subjected to global cerebral ischemia and CBF was quantified using laser speckle imaging at baseline (pre-ischemia), 1h, 24h, 3d, and 5d post-ischemia. We previously showed that RH-exposed male ITD rats (n=7) display a significant decrease in CBF as compared to the control rats (n=7) when quantified 1 hour (23%, p<0.01) and 1 day (17%, p<0.05) post-ischemia (Figure A, B). In the present study, our data shows that RH-exposed young female ITD rats (n=5) display a significantly lower CBF when compared to the control rats (n=5) 1 day (27%, p<0.05) post-cerebral ischemia. The changes were not significantly different from the control group at remaining time points (Figure C, D). The CBF at 1-hour (17%; p<0.05) and 1-day (19%; p<0.001) post-ischemia was significantly lower while at 3-, and 5-days was not different from the baseline values in the RH-exposed rats. While the CBF at 1-, and 3-days post-ischemia in control rats was not different from the baseline, the CBF 1-hour (15%, p<0.05), and 5-days (23%, p<0.05) post-ischemia was significantly lower and higher than the baseline, respectively. Our data demonstrate that RH exposure induces severe post-ischemic hypoperfusion for at least ≈24 hours post-ischemia in young male and female ITD rats. Next, we aim to study the underlying mechanism causing the pronounced hypoperfusion in RH exposed ITD rats and the pathways causing hypoperfusion induced increase in ischemic brain injury in the animal model of diabetes
Abstract DP192: Association of Endovascular Thrombectomy With Mortality and Functional Outcomes in Large Ischemic Core: Analysis of Linked RAPID AI and Florida Stroke Registry data
No full textIntroduction: Six randomized clinical trials have shown that endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) reduces mortality and improves clinical outcomes in patients with large-core anterior circulation ischemic stroke. Whether these benefits extend to routine practice outside strict trial criteria remains uncertain. This study evaluates in-hospital outcomes among EVT-treated patients with large ischemic cores using linked data from the Florida Stroke Registry (FSR) and RapidAI imaging.
Methods: From January 2023 to December 2024, linked FSR-RapidAI data were available for 11,275 cases of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Patients with suspected large vessel occlusion (LVO) and infarct core size measured by computed tomography perfusion (CTP) or non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) were included. Large core was defined as an Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) ≤5 on NCCT, or a core volume ≥70 mL with cerebral blood flow <30% on CTP. Multivariable logistic regression compared in-hospital mortality and discharge ambulation (independent or assisted vs unable or not documented) between large-core patients treated with EVT and those untreated, adjusting for demographics, NIHSS score, pre-stroke mRS, presentation timing, onset-to-arrival time, center type, admission blood pressure, and intravenous thrombolysis.
Results: Of 2,212 AIS patients, 174 (7.9%) had large-core infarcts (91% identified by CTP); 102 (59%) received EVT (Figure 1). The median age was 70.5 years (IQR 61-79), 56.3% were male, the median onset-to-arrival time was 130.5 minutes (IQR 47-518), and the median NIHSS score was 20 (IQR 14-25). Ambulation at discharge occurred in 70 patients (40.2%), and in-hospital mortality occurred in 28 patients (16.1%). In multivariable regression, EVT was associated with lower odds of death (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.29; 95% CI 0.10-0.88) (Table 1a) and higher odds of ambulation at discharge (aOR 2.45; 95% CI 1.10-5.46) (Table 1b). The model demonstrated good discrimination, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (95% CI 0.72-0.85).
Conclusions: In this multicenter cohort of AIS patients with large-core infarcts, EVT was independently associated with higher odds of ambulation at discharge and lower in-hospital mortality after adjustment for stroke severity and presentation factors. These findings support emerging trial data that EVT improves survival and functional outcomes in large-core strokes in real-world practice
Patient-Reported and Radiographic Outcomes Following Operative Fixation of Bimalleolar Equivalent Ankle Fractures with Deltoid Ligament Repair
No full textRoutine deltoid ligament repair (DLR) during operative management of ankle fractures remains controversial.
To compare patient-reported outcomes (PROs), complications, and radiographic outcomes in patients with bimalleolar equivalent ankle fractures treated with or without DLR.
Retrospective cohort study.
Adult patients who underwent operative fixation of bimalleolar equivalent ankle fractures at two level 1 trauma centers between 2010 and 2023 were retrospectively identified. The primary outcome was the Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS). Secondary outcomes included additional PROs, complications, and radiographic measurements. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between DLR and the odds of achieving an excellent (≥91) versus non-excellent OMAS.
A total of 260 patients (median age 36.4 years, 38.4% female) were included. Thirty-one (12%) patients underwent DLR and 229 (88%) did not. PROs were obtained from 92 patients (18 DLR, 74 non-repair) at a median of 7.0 years postoperatively. Median OMAS was similar between cohorts (90 vs. 90, P=0.79). DLR was not associated with increased odds of achieving an excellent OMAS (adjusted OR 1.89, 95% CI 0.52–7.08, P=0.335). Secondary PROs and complications were comparable between cohorts. Radiographic measurements in 111 patients (26 DLR, 85 non-repair) revealed a decreased median tibiofibular clear space in the DLR group (4.50 mm vs. 5.09 mm, P=0.012). Medial clear space and tibiofibular overlap were similar between cohorts.
Patients with bimalleolar equivalent ankle fractures had comparable long-term PROs and complication rates regardless of DLR. Radiographic findings suggested adequate restoration of ankle joint congruity and medial stability in both cohorts
Cultivation and Social Media: Examining Media’s Role in Shaping Gender-related Perceptions and Acceptance of Rape Myths
No full textGiven the critical role of media in shaping gender-related attitudes and beliefs, this dissertation explored how media use cultivates gender perceptions, including endorsement of masculine norms, traditional gender roles, sexism, gendered nationalism, and acceptance of rape myths. Previous research has not extensively examined the differences in genre-specific cultivation effects between males and females. This study addressed this gap by investigating gender differences in selective social media exposure to content related to sexual harassment, such as #MeToo, the Carroll vs. Trump trial, the Depp vs. Heard trial, and Roe vs. Wade. A national cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 871 U.S. participants, including 432 males and 439 females, aged 18 to 87 years. The study highlighted how media exposure influences gender attitudes and perceptions. Findings revealed that exposure to diverse media genres fostered more progressive gender perceptions while reducing acceptance of rape myths, emphasizing the importance of a varied media diet. The study also examined the impact of media exposure on attitudes toward sexual harassment and violence across genders. Women, who were disproportionately susceptible to sexual victimization, showed stronger resonance with media narratives featuring female victims. This led them to place greater significance on events like the #MeToo movement and other gender-related topics. This gender gap extended to information-seeking behaviors, with women more actively seeking content on these issues. Conversely, men’s stronger adherence to traditional gender norms correlated with their lower exposure to related content, suggesting selective exposure to maintain cognitive consistency. This dissertation expanded the literature on social media's impact on media consumption habits by integrating cultivation and selective exposure theories. It highlighted differential gender-related cultivation effects, providing insights for future digital feminist activism initiatives.</p
Desinformación, Discourse, and Internet Celebrity: Understanding the Practices of Latina/o/x Political Influencers on YouTube
No full textThere is a growing body of research interested in uncovering the role that social media influencers and other internet celebrities play in amplifying circulations of disinformation, within countries and through transnational networks. While some scholars are beginning to examine disinformation in Spanish-dominant communities within the United States, there has yet to be a study that investigates the practices of known disseminators of mis- and disinformation to their Spanish-speaking audiences or how diasporic networks may be formed and leveraged by these influencers. Minority language communities may have less access to factually based news and information from government institutions in charge of health, emergency operations, and electoral infrastructure, especially at the local level. At its worst, the consequences of disinformation can range from participation in intolerant political movements to dangerously poor health choices. By examining populist YouTube influencers who have been observed to embed harmful discourse such as disinformation and partisan sensationalism into their Spanish-language programming, this study is premised on the importance of understanding the practices of successful influencers who construct harmful discourses in ways that appear authentic, engaging, and potentially trustworthy to followers. The aim of this study is to understand how false narratives are constructed by political social media influencers within minority language communities, thus foregrounding communities that are underserved by a country’s news and information infrastructure and which are comparatively more embedded in transnational (dis)information flows.</p
Biomaterials Strategies for Facial Nerve Repair Following Injury
No full textFacial paralysis affects 23,000 people annually in the U.S., often resulting from facial nerve damage due to tumors or surgery. The condition significantly impacts quality of life by impairing emotional expression, communication, breathing complications. Current surgical treatments, attempt to reconnect lost nerves but yield inconsistent results due to donor site complications and scarring. There is an urgent need for improved therapies that enhance nerve regeneration and recovery. Biomaterials offer a promising alternative by guiding axonal regrowth without requiring donor tissue. These materials mimic native tissue and can include factors that attract cells to bridge nerve gaps. This study evaluates the regenerative potential of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) tubes in a rat model of acute facial nerve injury. Recovery was assessed through facial palsy scoring, electrophysiology, and histological analyses of cellular infiltration and neuromuscular junction integrity. Results showed that PEG tubes promoted faster recovery than autografts at eight weeks post-injury. Electrophysiological assessments revealed no significant differences in muscle action potentials between PEG and autograft repairs. PEG tubes maintained neuromuscular innervation and preserved NMJ morphology comparable to sham conditions. These findings suggest that PEG implantation provides an effective alternative to autografts for facial nerve repair, offering a scalable, off-the-shelf therapeutic option.</p
2025 Advances in Brain Health: Brain Health as Capital for Vascular and Cognitive Resilience
No full textA new 3-D P-wave velocity model for Central America using the TeletomoDD method
No full textCentral America's tectonic complexity arises from the interaction of multiple plates and diverse plate boundaries, resulting in high seismic activity and intricate subduction processes. 3-D seismic velocity models can provide critical constraints on subduction processes and associated earthquake hazard models. Although regional tomographic studies have offered insights into seismic activity and lithospheric processes in Central America, there have been few studies that image the entire region in a consistent manner, likely due to the geological complexity and numerical challenges. In this study, we develop a new high-resolution 3-D compressional (P)-wave velocity model to investigate the subduction dynamics of the region. We apply the teletomoDD method, which uses both local and global body-wave arrivals to resolve velocity structures. We use the International Seismological Center's EHB catalogue to extract data from 6026 regional earthquakes from 1965 to 2019, recorded by seismic stations both inside and outside of our study area. Our model is further constrained by incorporating about 30 000 global events recorded by the seismic stations within our study area. We perform both checkerboard and restoration tests to assess the resolution of the model and find that the main features are resolved robustly regardless of the initial models. The model shows a coherent high-velocity anomalies along the Middle America Trench at 50 km depth, suggesting cold, dense subducting slabs. It also captures notable variations in slab geometry, including a slab window in the southern Cocos region starting at 75 km depth. Low-velocity anomalies beneath major volcanic systems such as the Central American Volcanic Arc and the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt point to slab dehydration, fluid migration and partial melting processes, whereas the discontinuous distribution of volcanism in Mexico and Central America appears to be influenced by the subduction of the Cocos Plate. Additionally, we identify high-velocity anomalies near the Siqueiros and Clipperton Transform Faults on the East Pacific Rise, possibly caused by mafic magmatic cumulates. The high-velocity anomaly near Swan Islands Transform Fault may reflect locally increased density inferred from previous gravity studies. Our new velocity model offers a consistent seismic structural foundation for further investigations into seismogenic processes, slab geodynamics, petrology and rheology in Central America
Contemporary Management Strategies for Peyronie's Disease: A Comprehensive Review
No full textPeyronie's disease (PD) is an acquired fibrotic condition of the tunica albuginea that is characterized by penile curvature, deformity, pain, and impaired sexual function. PD is prevalent among all ages and is responsible for significant psychological distress. This review summarizes the current knowledge on PD, covering its epidemiology, risk factors, and natural history, along with a comprehensive overview of the medical, intralesional, and surgical options. While the traditional treatments are well-described in previous publications, the focus of the current review is on new biologic and regenerative treatments. Increasing attention to therapies such as platelet-rich plasma and stem cells is representative of the larger trend toward attempts at modifying the underlying fibrotic process, as opposed to merely correcting deformity. By integrating evolving regenerative strategies with proven therapeutic options and prioritizing patient-centered counselling, future PD care may become increasingly individualized, effective, and less invasive
