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Investigation on the promotion strategy and application technology for municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash in southern Taiwan
No full text指導教授林怡君臺灣地區地狹人稠，土地資源相當有限，掩埋式的垃圾處理，其容積容易飽和且不足，且不易找到新的掩埋空間；而焚化式的垃圾處理，雖然成本昂貴，卻可降低土地掩埋空間需求，亦成為我國行政院環境保護署(以下簡稱環保署)自民國79年明定垃圾以「焚化為主、掩埋為輔」主推之垃圾處理政策。故如何對於焚化後產生之焚化底渣進行適當的處理再利用之管理與去化，則是現今最重要的廢棄物政策之一。
本研究以問卷作為收集研究資料之工具，旨在探討從事焚化底渣與其處理再利用、焚化再生粒料去化等業務人員，於本研究自編問卷之「基本資料」、「法規規範與推廣策略」、「處理技術效益」三大部分認同度情形。本研究共回收有效問卷53份，依據次數分配、描述性與推論性統計分析，顯示受訪者普遍有共識認同潛在市場經濟效益為焚化底渣處理再利用之重要因素，建議由政府機關推動焚化底渣處理技術多元化，進而將焚化再生粒料產品化，導入回到工業循環中，進而吸引更多土木、營造領域之民間公司參與再利用推廣業務，以減輕焚化廠廢棄物處理後焚化底渣及焚化再生粒料堆置及再利用之負荷，落實底渣自主處理目標。現今推廣策略對於推動公共工程使用具有顯著正面效益，然在吸引民間工程使用相對偏低，建議新策略制訂應著重宣導循環經濟效益與環境污染防治與保護，泯除民眾不良印象與恐慌；並研擬跨區域焚化底渣調度平台，達到健全焚化再生粒料去化管道之效。透過積極的將人類活動對於環境、社會與經濟的效益極大化，落實再生資源永續循環再利用目標
The Study of Emission Pattern for Specific Pollutants Benzene, Toluene and Xylene at Gas Stations
No full text指導教授林清和加油站是提供交通工具動力不可或缺的補給站，油品中常見污染物包含苯（Benzene）、甲苯（Toluene）、乙苯（Ethylbenzene）及二甲苯（Xylene）等合稱 BTEX。其中苯已被國際癌症研究中心公告為確定之人類致癌性物質，因此其揮發性有機物逸散管制情形尤為重要，故探討分析加油站特定污染物（苯、甲苯、二甲苯）逸散情形及與發油量關係。本研究擇定市區一加油站，以移動式空氣品質分析儀於加油站內泵島及站外周界進行監測。站內加油泵島監測結果顯示，各污染物濃度均符合固定污染源空氣污染物排放標準及勞工作業場所容許暴露標準規範，其中，甲苯監測平均值高於嗅覺閾值。由監測數值顯示，發油量大或油罐車卸油時，整體污染物並未大幅逸散情形，此展現在加油站氣油比及氣漏定期檢測規範下，污染防制作為可有效抑制加油站揮發性有機污染物的逸散。但若脫離油氣回收系統管制作業，如業者平日盤點、丈量油槽高度、維護保養及其他抽測作業等，則揮發性有機污染物明顯逸散，且整體污染物中苯佔比明顯上升。由監測數據發現，夜間可能因氣壓上升或氣溫降低時，污染物逸散量明顯偏低。站外周界監測結果，二甲苯、甲苯及苯的平均值分別為 1.7 ppb、26.9 ppb及1 ppb，均遠低於固定污染源空氣污染物排放標準規範；以此計算苯的個體終生致癌風險度（CR）為4.67 x 10-6，屬特定條件下可接受風險。若透過增加與加油站之距離，可有效降低污染物濃度及鄰近居民之風險
Prediction Model for Diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease Using iTRAQ-Based Analysis
No full textA quick prediction method may help confirm the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (KD), and reduce the risk of coronary artery lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potential candidate diagnostic serum proteins in KD using isobaric tagging for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) gel-free proteomics. Ninety two subjects, including 68 KD patients (1.6 ± 1.2 years, M/F 36/32) and 24 fever controls with evident respiratory tract infection (2.1 ± 1.2 years, M/F 13/11) were enrolled. Medical records were reviewed for demographic and laboratory data. The iTRAQ gel-free proteomics was used to screen serum proteins completely and compare the difference between two groups followed by specific validation with ELISA. The candidate proteins and conventional laboratory items were selected for the prediction model of KD diagnosis by support vector machine. Five selected candidate proteins, including protein S100-A8, protein S100-A9, protein S100-A12, neutrophil defensin 1, and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 were identified for developing the prediction model of KD diagnosis. They were used to develop an efficient KD prediction model with an area under receiver operating characteristic (auROC) value of 0.92 (95% confidence interval: 0.84, 0.98). These protein biomarkers were significantly correlated with the conventional laboratory items as follows: C-reactive protein, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, white blood count, platelet, segment and hemoglobin. These conventional laboratory items were used to develop a prediction model of KD diagnosis with an auROC value of 0.88 (95% confidence interval: 0.80, 0.96). Our result demonstrated that the prediction model with combined five selected candidate protein levels may be a good diagnostic tool of KD. Further prediction model with combined six conventional laboratory data is also an acceptable alternative method for KD diagnosis
Factors associated with a low prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in urban and urual areas of middle Vietnam
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