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Biomechanics of two-thumb versus two-finger chest compression for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in an infant manikin model
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Adenovirus infection and subsequent risk of Kawasaki disease: A population-based cohort study
No full textBackground:
The relationship between adenovirus infection and Kawasaki disease (KD) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between adenovirus infection and KD using a cohort study in Taiwan.
Methods:
We used Taiwan National Health Insurance data (from 2000 to 2008) to conduct a population-based cohort study, analyzing children that was under 18 years of age. In total, 5280 children had adenovirus infection, and 5280 children without adenovirus infection were matched and followed up. Subsequent KD was the major outcome event. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of developing KD associated with adenovirus infection.
Results:
There was a significantly higher cumulative incidence of KD in the adenovirus-infected cohort than that in the control cohort (log-rank test, p < 0.001). In the adenovirus-infected cohort, overall incidence of KD was 5.29 times higher than that of the control cohort (adjusted HR 5.29, 95% CI: 2.48–11.3). Increased KD risk was associated with previous adenovirus infection in children aged 3–5 years, in female patients, in those with a low urbanization level, and in those with allergies.
Conclusion:
An association between previous adenovirus infection and KD was identified in Taiwanese children, but other potential risk factors were not fully analyzed. The relationship between infection and KD requires further study
Spiritual Distress of Cancer Patients at Two General Hospitals in Northern Vietnam
No full textBackground
Spirituality is very important for cancer patients during the illness based on the literature evidences; however, literature on the spirituality of cancer patients were mainly focused on Western population, but few literature were found in Asians. Specially, there is no one spiritual study on cancer patients found in Vietnamese hospitals. Therefore, the investigator would like to understand the spiritual
distress of cancer patients in Vietnam.
Aim
The purpose of this study was to survey the spiritual distress of cancer patients at two general hospitals in northern Vietnam. Especially, the investigator would like to understand the spiritual distress of cancer patients in terms of the relationship with themselves, others, religion, and facing death.
Methods
This is a quantitative study with cross sectional design. This study used purposively sampling with fitting the inclusion criteria of totally 132 cancer patients. The scale in this study was used Spiritual Distress Scale (SDS) with the appropriate reliability and validity. The data collection is by the investigator in the bedside of two general hospitals in northern Vietnam after IRB approving by the Research Council. Samples of cancer patients in the study must agree and sign the consent forms to participate in research following the ethic principles of benefits, fairness, and confidentiality. Analysis of data used the SPSS software 16.0 by the descriptive and advanced statistical data analysis.
Results
The good content and construct validitys of the SDS-Vietnam version were identified after forward and backward translations with three experts' evaluations as well as the factor analysis. In terms of the demographics and spiritual distress, age and income did correlate with the spiritual distress significantly among 132 Vietnam cancer patients. Among four dimensions of SDS-Vietnam version, the majority of cancer patients reported the good relationship with others and religion. Regarding the relationship with the patients themselves, more than 50% of cancer patients expressed suffering (64.4%) and sorrow (53.8%). However, the majority of them did not feel lonliness due to the good relationship with others. Regarding facing the death, the majority of them were not afraid to discuss the death and worry about dying ceremony; however, they were worry about dying situation (70.5%). Additionally, 128 Vietnam cancer patients reported top three spiritual needs and demands including illness progress better, a peaceful death, and hoping to prolong life.
Conclusion
The aging and poverty issues in Vietnam 132 cancer patients were correlated with their SDS significantly. Additionally, they did feel suffering and sorrow as well as worry about the dying situation in the SDS. However, the relationship with others and religions of SDS were in the good status for Vietnam 132 cancer patients. Furthermore, Vietnam cancer patients concerned about their illness progress with hoping to prolong life as their spiritual needs and demands.
Clinical implication
Since the relationship with others and religions of SDS were in the good status for Vietnam 132 cancer patients, the healthcare professionals could study the effective strategies for applying the above strengths into reducing the suffering and sorrow problems in the relationship with themselves of SDS. Additionally, in the future, the cross-culture study of SDS between Chinese and Vietnam cancer patients could compare the cultural differences in the relationship with themselves, others, religion, and facing death of SDS