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Inter-industry Alliance to Develop Art Village In-depth Tourism Planning-A Case Study on The Fang-Liao Sightseeing Fish Market with The Local Seafood Restaurant Industry
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Comparison of cardiorespiratory fitness between preschool children with normal and excess body adipose ~ An observational study
No full textObjective: Overweight and obesity in preschoolers might develop into childhood and even adulthood obesity. Overweight and obesity have been shown to be negatively related with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in children and adults but few studies did among preschoolers. We aimed to evaluate whether excess body adipose is negatively associated with CRF in both the submaximal and maximal effort of preschool children in exercise testing and to examine if there is difference to achieve maximal effort during exercise testing between preschoolers with normal and excess body adipose.
Methods: Data of 106 preschoolers aged 4-6 that received symptom-limited treadmill exercise testing was analyzed. Anthropometry was measured by vector bioelectrical impedance analysis. Excess body adipose was defined as (1) 'overweight' and 'obesity' by body mass index (BMI), (2) fat mass index (FMI) greater than the sex- and age-specific 75th percentile of whole subjects, and (3) fat-free mass index (FFMI) smaller than the sex- and age-specific 25th percentile. CRF was indicated by metabolic equivalent (MET) at anaerobic threshold (AT MET), peak MET, oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) calculated by the 50% (OUES-50) and the entire (OUES-100) duration of the exercise testing.
Results: Preschoolers with excess body adipose by three different definitions (BMI, FMI, and FFMI) all had poorer ability to perform maximal effort (p = 0.004, 0.043, and 0.007, respectively). Preschoolers with excess body adipose by BMI and FFMI classifications had lower OUES-50 (p = 0.018, and 0.001, respectively), and lower OUES-100 (p = 0.004, and 0.001, respectively) than peers with normal body adipose during exercise testing while those with excess body adipose by FMI classification showed no significant differences from peers with normal body adipose in both OUES-50 and OUES-100.
Conclusions: Preschoolers with excess body adipose had lower CRF significantly during treadmill exercise testing. Weight control and health promotion should start as early as possible.
Implementation a Context-Aware Plant Ecology Mobile Learning System
No full textMobile devices are becoming ubiquitous methodologies and tools, providing application for learning and teaching field. On the basis of the widespread use of wireless devices and mobile computing technology, this study proposes a context-aware plant ecology learning system (CAPELS) based on context-aware technology; adapting deep neural networks (DNN) and leaf vein and shape identification algorithm which can identify plant leaves, this system automatically provides relevant botanical and growth environment knowledge to the learners. Therefore, during outdoor education, it can assist learners in accurately obtaining the required relevant botanical and growth environment knowledge. The experimental results indicate that students who used CAPELS performed better learning about plant ecology than those who did not. We also delivered questionnaires to those who used CAPELS and analyzed the results by using the partial least squares (PLS) method. The results have shown that CAPELS can encourage student’s learning motivation and thus improve their learning effectiveness. Thus, CAPELS provides a new educational platform for promoting ecology learning approach and effectively improves student learning efficiency and motivation
