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About the recently discovered settlement in the Khurkh river valley
No full textIn recent years, satellite remote sensing technology has been increasingly used for archaeological research to locate and study immovable historical and cultural monuments. In 2022, a researcher from the National Museum of Mongolia discovered the ruins of this ancient city through satellite imagery exploration. A preliminary study was conducted in 2023, and in 2025, further research and precise measurements of the site were carried out by joint researchers within the framework of the MON-SOL project. Regarding the function and purpose of the fortified settlements, previous studies have referred to Xiongnu-period settlements located in the valleys of the Kherlen, Tuul, Selenge, Orkhon, and Tamir rivers. The newly identified settlement along the Khurkh River now provides valuable data for understanding the satellite location of Xiongnu fortified settlements. Notably, near this settlement are two significant groups of Xiongnu aristocratic burials in the Duurlig Nars and Bor Bulag complexes. The settlement lies in the ancient valley known as Khurkhonag Jubur (this place noted in the Secret History of the Mongols) near the confluence of the Khurkh and Onon rivers, an area which encompasses archaeological remains from multiple historical periods. This region also represents one of the main concentrations of Xiongnu burials, underscoring its importance. Future studies aim to conduct a detailed research study of the rectangular structure irrigation channels surrounding this settlement to clarify its function.
Хурхын хөндийд шинээр илрүүлсэн нэгэн хэрмийн тухай
Хураангуй. Сүүлийн жилүүдэд сансрын хиймэл дагуулын тусламжтайгаар түүх, соёлын үл хөдлөх дурсгалыг зайнаас тандан судлах, тухайн биетийн байршлыг олж тогтоох зэрэг хайгуулын шинэ арга зүй археологийн шинжлэх ухаанд нэвтэрч байгаа билээ. Энэхүү хэрмийг 2022 онд шинээр сансрын зургийн хайгуулаар Монголын Үндэсний музейн археологич1 илрүүлэн олж, 2023 онд тандалт судалгаа, 2025 онд Мон-Сол төслийн хүрээнд судлаачид хамтран хэмжилтийг хийсэн байна. Уг хэрмийн үүрэг зориулалтыг Хэрлэн, Туул, Сэлэнгэ, Орхон, Тамир голын хөндийд орших Хүннүгийн хот суурины судалгаатай харьцуулсан ба энэ удаад Хурхын хөндийн хэрмийг илрүүлсэн нь Хүннүгийн хэрэмт хотуудын байршил, тархцын судалгаанд чухал хэрэглэгдэхүүн болж байна. Учир нь энэхүү хэрмийн тууриас холгүй Дуурлиг нарс, Бор булгийн хүннүгийн язгууртны бүлэг дурсгал тус тус нэг бүсэд байгаа нь судлаачдын анхаарлыг зүй ёсоор татаж байна. Тиймээс энэхүү дурсгалын онцлог хэв шинжийг дахин нягтлахаар төлөвлөөд байна.
Түлхүүр үг: Хэнтий нуруу, гурван баян, хурх гол, хүннү, хэрэ
Healthcare characteristics in the Yakut Arctic
No full textAn analysis of the current healthcare issues in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has been conducted based on materials from state statistics, data provided by the regional Ministry of Health, and a survey of managers of central district hospitals. The Yakut Arctic comprises 13 districts, and the entire territory occupying over 1.6 million km² is characterized by extremely specific and highly unfavorable ecological and socioeconomic conditions. According to statistical data, since the end of the last century the Yakut Arctic has experienced a negative demographic trend; between 1989 and 2023 the population decreased by nearly 2.5 times (from 146,000 to 65,000 inhabitants). One of the primary causes is the low standard of living, including dissatisfaction with the quality of received medical services. Accordingly, this paper devotes considerable attention to the issues of material and technical support for central district hospitals and the shortage of qualified personnel particularly, narrowly specialized physicians such as infectious disease specialists, psychiatrists specializing in addiction, ophthalmologists, neurologists, etc. The paper outlines the activities of the regional Ministry of Health in addressing several pressing issues, including the operation of mobile medical teams and medical aviation. Practical recommendations are proposed for improving healthcare provision and for attracting medical professionals to work in the remote areas of the republic, including through the provision of preferential conditions for the appointment of labor pensions. The authors emphasize that the organization of healthcare in the Yakut Arctic must be comprehensive, with mandatory support from federal programs and the involvement of the region’s fundamental economic sectors, primarily industry. The integration of new technologies, improvement of infrastructure, and development of programs for retaining and attracting healthcare workers are not only vital for the enhancement of the healthcare system in the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) but also should contribute to reducing population outflow
Human impacts on pasture degradation (A case study of the Dornod, Sukhbaatar, Khentii provinces)
No full textAs Mongolia transitioned to a market economy, rapid population and economic growth have spurred human settlements and significant urbanisation. Over the last two decades, Mongolia’s population has increased by 1 million and livestock numbers have soared by over 30 million. This growth, coupled with the expansion of urban areas and road networks, has intensified pressure on land resources, leading to degradation. Notably, pastureland constitutes over 80 percent of Mongolia\u27s total land area. This study aims to identify and map the human impacts contributing to pasture degradation in Mongolia’s eastern regions, i.e., Dornod, Sukhbaatar, and Khentii provinces. We developed a map that illustrates these human impacts by considering eight factors rooted in recent research and the particular land use characteristics of Mongolia. These factors include the proximity of wells, rivers and lakes, winter and spring camps, road networks, settlement areas, mining areas, cropland, and livestock density.
To assess the human impacts, we produced individual maps for each of the eight selected factors, culminating in a comprehensive assessment map. Our findings reveal that 12.6 percent of the eastern region, equivalent to 3,607 thousand hectares, remains unaltered by human activities. In contrast, 62 percent of the region (17,742 thousand hectares) experiences low impact, 24.2 percent (6,935 thousand hectares) encounters moderate impact, and 1.2 percent (337 thousand hectares) is highly affected by human activities
The Current State оf Spells аnd Incantations Among the Khorchin Mongols (With Examples Related to Birds and Sky-Pleasing Rituals)
No full textThis study investigates the current state of spell (dom) usage related to rituals for warding off evil, invoking blessings, and communicating with the heavens among the Khorchin Mongols. A survey involving 354 people from Tongliao city and surrounding rural areas revealed that respondents generally possess limited understanding of spell culture. Some forms and variations of spells were confused, unknown, or remained hidden. An ethnographic field survey using the “dialogic method” was conducted, particularly focusing on young respondents aged 15-34. The questionnaire showed that a majority of younger respondents expressed negative attitudes, such as “never use spells,” “completely unaware,” or “superstitious.” Although they verbally affirmed the importance of preserving Mongolian culture, about 63.47% explicitly stated their ignorance regarding the meaning and use of these spells, indicating a significant rupture in cultural continuity among younger generations. However, interviews with villagers aged 50 and above including herders, farmers, traditional healers, and artisans showed that they still vividly recall ritual actions and applications associated with spells, including curses (haraal dom) and incantations for warding off evil (shivshleg). This suggests that spell culture remains alive as a fundamental component of the Mongolian cultural heritage. Furthermore, rediscovering, documenting, and preserving gradually forgotten spells constitute a central value of this research. Additionally, comparative analysis revealed both similarities and distinct differences between the spell culture of cross border Mongols and that of the Khorchin region in eastern Inner Mongolia, laying valuable groundwork for future comparative research. Therefore, studying the spell culture of cross border Mongolian communities should be viewed as crucial for cultural inheritance among younger generations, significantly contributing to preserving and revitalizing collective cultural memory.
Хорчин монголчуудын дом шившлэгийн хэрэглээний өнөөгийн байдал (Жигүүртэн болон тэнгэр аргадахуйд холбогдох домын жишээнд)
Хураангуй: Хорчин монголчуудын дунд жигүүртэн болон тэнгэр аргадахуйд холбогдох домын хэрэглээний өнөөгийн байдалд тандалт судалгаа хийж үзэв. Тунляо хотын болон орон нутгийн 354 хүнээс судалгаа авч боловсруулалт хийхэд домын соёлын талаар тун тааруу ойлголттой байх бөгөөд домын зарим төрөл, хувилбарууд мартагдсан, огт мэдэхгүй, мөн далд нууцлаг байдалтай байгаа нь ажиглагдлаа. Судалгаанд этнопоэтик онолын “диалогийн арга”-ыг ашиглаж, 15-34 насны залуучуудын дунд анкетын аргаар явуулсан судалгаанд “дом хэрэглэдэггүй”, “огт мэдэхгүй”, “мухар сүсэг” гэсэн хэдий ч “монгол соёлоо өвлүүлэх” хэрэгтэй гэж 63,47% нь хариулсан нь домын соёл мартагдаж байна гэсэн дүгнэлтэд хүргэсэн билээ. Энэхүү судалгааны үр дүнд орон нутагт амьдарч буй малчин, тариачин, сэхээтэн 50-аас дээш насныхантай хөөрөлдөхөд домын зан үйл ил үйлдэгддэггүй ч шившлэг зэргийг хараахан мартаагүй байгаа нь чухал үнэ цэнтэй болох нь тогтоогдож байгаа юм. Харин мартагдсан домуудыг сэргээн сануулж, бичиж тэмдэглэн авсан нь бидний судалгааны нэгэн зорилт биелж байгаа төдийгүй, хил дамнасан монгол угсаатны соёлын өвөрмөц байдлыг монголын адил төстэй домуудтай харьцуулан үзсэн нь дараа дараагийн судалгааны эх хэрэглэгдэхүүн болохуйц ач холбогдолтой болсон. Ийнхүү хил дамнасан монгол үндэстний соёлын түүхийг залуу хойч үеийнхэндээ үлдээж буй нь чухал ач холбогдолтой хийгээд соёлын хүн судлалд хамаарах, нийгэм-соёлын нэгэн орон зайн хүрээн дэх (Хорчин нутагт дахь) домын соёлыг хадгалж, хамгаалах, өвлүүлэн үлдээхэд бага боловч хувь нэмэр оруулж байгаа болно.
Түлхүүр үгс: жигүүртэн шувуу, шаазгай, элээ, шар шувуу, хуй салхи, хур бороо андгай, бө
Impacts of Information and Communication Technologies and Emerging Challenges in Mass Communication
No full textThis article delves into the challenges facing mass communication in the digital age, critically examining how emerging trends are reshaping media systems, public discourse, and societal structures. It explores key concepts like tabloidization, infotainment, and clickbait, shedding light on how the drive for audience engagement and profit often comes at the expense of factual depth and public trust in journalism. The discussion extends to structural concerns such as media consolidation, the decline of local journalism, and the emergence of “news deserts,” illustrating their impact on the diversity and inclusivity of information available to the public. Using theories like agenda-setting and false balance, the article critiques how mass media can influence societal narratives, often favoring sensationalism or oversimplified stories of conflict. It also investigates the role of technology in shaping media dynamics, focusing on issues like surveillance capitalism, algorithm-driven polarization, and the creation of filter bubbles. These mechanisms, including techniques like browser fingerprinting, are shown to affect what content audiences see and how public opinion is formed. Public engagement in the digital space is analyzed through concepts like slacktivism, online dogpiling, and rumor cascades, situating these behaviors within broader patterns of digital interaction. The article also tackles challenges like deplatforming, astroturfing, and ad clutter, emphasizing their effects on media accessibility, user experience, and the authenticity of public discourse. Frameworks such as the Overton Window, narrative fallacy, and deviancy amplification spiral are used to explore how media coverage influences public perception and drives moral panics. By bringing together these perspectives, the article calls for a reevaluation of media ethics, regulation, and audience education to better navigate the complexities of modern mass communication. It looks to deepen our understanding of the rapidly evolving media landscape while offering ideas for future research and practical solutions
Some issues regarding the tradition and innovation of the Evenki ethnic dance in the People›s Republic of China
No full textThis article focuses on analyzing representative works of contemporary stage dance of the Evenki ethnic group in China. The study is divided into three sections: the choreographic works of renowned dance artist Jia Zuoguang, the stage productions of the local «WULANMUQI» troupe, and the creations by instructors from the Inner Mongolia Arts College. Research indicates that since the 1950s, Evenki dance works began to be performed on stage. Jia Zuoguang laid the foundational framework for Evenki stage dance, and his research-based choreographic works have served as benchmarks for subsequent generations of artists. In the 1960s, the «WULANMUQI» troupe from regions inhabited by the Evenki people enriched the dance repertoire by creating works that reflected shamanic rituals, hunting traditions, reindeer herding culture, and forest life. Faculty members from the Inner Mongolia Arts College further advanced the development of Evenki dance by designing technically demanding choreographies through innovative methods, contributing significantly to its evolution. Contemporary Evenki dance works, which harmoniously blend tradition and innovation, continue to serve as vital tools for promoting and disseminating ethnic culture.
БНХАУ дахь Эвэнк үндэстний бүжгийн уламжлал, шинэчлэлийн зарим асуудал
Хураангуй: Тус өгүүлэл нь БНХАУ-ын Эвэнк үндэстний орчин цагийн тайзны бүжгийн үе үеийн төлөөлөх чанартай шилдэг бүтээлүүдийг судалж дүн шинжлэл хийхэд чиглэсэн болно. Ингэхдээ нэрт бүжиг дэглээч Жя Зуо Гуаны дэглэсэн бүтээл, орон нутгийн “Улаан мөчир”-ийн тайзнаа тоглосон бүтээл, Өвөр монголын урлагийн сургуулийн багш нарын дэглэсэн бүтээл гэж гурван хэсэгт ангилан харьцуулалтын арга, сэдэвт холбогдох ном, судалгааны бүтээлд баримт бичгийн шинжилгээ хийж нэгтгэн дүгнэсэн болно. Судалгаанаас үзэхэд, 1950-аад оноос Эвэнк үндэстний бүжгийн бүтээлийг тайзнаа тоглож эхэлсэн байна. Нэрт бүжиг дэглээч Жя Зуо Гуан нь Эвэнк үндэстний тайзны бүжгийн суурийг тавьж өгсөн бөгөөд судалгаанд суурилж дэглэсэн түүний бүтээлүүд нь уран бүтээлчдэд жишиг болж өгсөн байна. 1960-аад оноос Эвэнк үндэстэн оршин суудаг нутгийн “Улаан мөчир”-т Эвэнкчүүдийн бөө мөргөл, ан агнуур, цаа буга маллах соёл, ой тайгын амьдралыг тусгасан бүжгийн бүтээлүүд дэглэж урын санг баяжуулжээ. Өвөр монголын урлагийн дээд сургуулийн багш нар шинэлэг зохиомжийн арга барилаар бүжигчнээс техникийн өндөр ур чадвар шаардсан бүжгүүд дэглэж Эвэнк үндэстний бүжгийг хөгжүүлэхэд хувь нэмрээ оруулжээ. Уламжлал, шинэчлэлийн хослуулан туурвисан Эвэнк үндэстний орчин цагийн бүжгийн бүтээлүүд нь үндэстний соёлыг сурталчлах, түгээн дэлгэрүүлэх нэг арга хэрэгсэл болсоор байна.
Түлхүүр үгс: Эвэнк соёл, ардын бүжиг, тайзны бүжиг, бүжгийн дүр, хөдөлгөө
A study of the musical and symbolic structure of “Poya Love Songs” of the Zhuang people of Yunnan Province, China
No full textAs a national intangible cultural heritage, the “Poya Love Song” of the Zhuang nationality in Yunnan conveys 81 love songs through 81 unique symbols. These symbols are essentially the lyrics of the songs, and together they record the love journey of the Zhuang youth. This paper deeply analyzes the symbolic structure of the “Poya Love Song”, reveals the profound connection between music and symbols, and provides a new perspective for the study of Zhuang music culture. At the same time, the paper explores the classification, symbolic meaning and structural characteristics of symbols, highlighting its core position and value in national music and Zhuang music culture.
Хятадын Юньнань мужийн Жуан үндэстний “Поя хайрын дуунууд”-ын хөгжим, бэлгэдлийн бүтцийн судалгаа
Хураангуй: Юньнань мужийн Жуан үндэстний “Поя хайрын дуу” нь үндэсний биет бус соёлын өвийн нэг бөгөөд 81 өвөрмөц бэлгэдлээр дамжуулан 81 хайрын дууг илэрхийлдэг. Эдгээр бэлгэдлүүд нь Жуан залуучуудын хайр дурлалын тухай тэмдэглэсэн дууны үгнүүд юм. Энэхүү өгүүлэлд “Поя хайрын дуунууд”-ын бэлгэдлийн бүтцийг нарийн шинжилж, хөгжим ба бэлгэдлийн нарийн холбоог илрүүлж, Жуан улсын хөгжмийн соёлыг шинэлэг байдлаар судлахыг зорилоо. Уг өгүүлэлд бэлгэдлийн ангилал, бэлгэдлийн утга, бүтцийг авч үзэхийн зэрэгцээ үндэсний хөгжим, Жуан улсын хөгжмийн соёлд эзлэх байр суурь, үнэ цэнийг онцлон тэмдэглэв. Судалгааны үр дүнд “Поя хайрын дуунууд”-ын хөгжмийн хэлбэр, бэлгэдлийн агуулга нь Жуан үндэстний сэтгэлгээ, гоо зүйн үнэлэмжийг илтгэх өвөрмөц соёлын тогтолцоо болох нь тодорхой боллоо.
Түлхүүр үгс: Жуан үндэстэн, Поя хайрын дуунууд, тэмдэг, бүтэц, хөгжи
Key compounds in plants eaten by Mongolian livestock during winter, Amygdalus pedunculata as an example
No full textA wide varieties of plants are distributed across Mongolia, many of which serve as valuable medicinal and forage reserves for livestock in nomadic cultures. Their usage and characteristic features were investigated through the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) program, conducted from 2020 to 2025. As part of this program, our group focused on studying and reporting the chemical constituents of these plants and their biological activities to understand the scientific basis underlying their traditional usages. A presentation at the conference, an overview of the SATREPS project, and its results will be presented. Among the various studies conducted, chemical constituents isolated from Amygdalus pedunculata, a valuable forage shrub, have been highlighted. The extract of A. pedunculata (a cyanogenic glycoside), namely prunasin, and four flavanones namely eriodictyol, naringenin, taxifolin, and aromadendrin were isolated as main constituents of the branches of A. pedunculata. These compounds may bring significance and effects on animals eating A. pedunculata
Social Dimensions of Defense Policy: Tensions between National Consciousness and Liberal Democratic Values
No full textThis article examines the influence of progressive liberal discourse emerging in Mongolian society, seeking to identify the challenges it poses to national identity, collective consciousness, and traditional values. The analysis brings together classical and contemporary sociological theories with critiques from political realism, drawing in particular on Durkheim’s concept of collective con science, Foucault’s concept of discourse, Bourdieu’s theory of symbolic power, and Buzan’s notion of societal security. Methodologically, the analysis relies on Norman Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis and incorporates publicly available documents, online sources, and interview data from civil society organizations engaged in youth-oriented activities in Mongolia. Within this framework, the study identifies challenges related to social cohesion, cultural continuity, national security, and defense policy. It demonstrates that attempts to localize the values of progressive liberalism come into fundamental conflict with traditional values, gradually weakining social trust, collective con sciousness, and the resilience of national identity.
Батлан хамгаалах бодлогын нийгмийн чиглэл: Үндэсний ухамсар ба либерал-ардчилсан үнэт зүйлсийн зөрчилдөөн
Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүлэл нь Монголын нийгэмд түгэн дэлгэрч буй прогрессив либерал дискурсын нөлөөг авч үзсэн бөгөөд үндэсний ижилсэл, хамтын ухамсар, уламжлалт үнэт зүйлсэд учруулж буй сорилтыг тодорхойлох зорилготой. Тус өгүүлэлд социологийн сонгодог ба орчин үеийн онолууд, улс төрийн реализмын шүүмжлэлийг хослуулан ашигласан бөгөөд ялангуяа Дюркгеймийн хамтын ухамсар, Фукргийн дискурс, Бурдьегийн симбволик эрх мэдэл, Бузаны нийгмийн аюулгүй байдлын онолын ойлголтуудыг тулгуур болгон ашигласан. Арга зүйн хувьд Норман Фэйрклофийн шүүмжлэлт дискурс шинжилгээнд тулгуурлан Монголын залуучууд руу чиглэсэн үйл ажиллагаа эрхэлдэг иргэний нийгмийн байгууллагуудын нийтэд нээлттэй баримт бичиг, цахим эх сурвалж болон ярилцлагын өгөгдлийг хамруулсан. Шинжилгээний хүрээнд нийгмийн эв нэгдэл, соёлын залгамж чанарын ач холбогдол, аюулгүй байдал болон батлан хамгаалах бодлогод үүсэж буй асуудлыг дурдсан бөгөөд прогрессив либерализмын үнэт зүйлсийг нутагшуулах оролдлого нь уламжлалт үнэт зүйлстэй үндсээрээ зөрчилдөж, нийгмийн итгэлцэл, хамтын ухамсар, үндэсний үзлийн дархлааг алгуур сулруулж буй эсэхийг тодруулав.
Түлхүүр үг: Үндэсний ижилсэл, хамтын ухамсар, батлан хамгаалах бодлого, либерал прогрессивизм, символик эрх мэдэ
Determination of Antimicrobial Activity of Antibiotics Encapsulated in Liposomes
Get PDFObjective: Antibiotic-resistant infections caused by bacteria are already a serious concern for humanity, and by 2050, they are most likely to overtake all other causes of death. One of the most frequent causes of skin infections is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), whose resistance to most medications makes treatment challenging. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of liposome-encapsulated doxycycline compared to free doxycycline. Methods: This study was conducted using an experimental design. Our study isolated and purified the phospholipid (PL) fraction from egg yolk. Antibiotics were encapsulated using the freeze-thaw process, and phospholipids were extracted via intermittent evaporation. Finally, the liposome\u27s minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was effective against MRSA. Results: Phospholipid fraction isolated from egg yolks with 32% extraction yield of phosphatidylcholine. The thin phase chromatography fraction was phospholipids with a retention factor (Rf) of 0.39. The effectiveness of liposomal doxycycline hyclate over free doxycycline was demonstrated by in vitro tests. Conclusion: The results showed that a liposome containing phosphatidylcholine could be a tremendous topical antimicrobial construct for treating MRSA infections