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Immunohistochemistry and analysis data for staining of tight junction proteins
No full textFor immunohistochemistry, slides were processed using an automated platform (Leica Bond RXm, Leica Biosystems, Deer Park, IL, USA). Targets were Claudin 1 (Abcam, Cat. #ab15098), Claudin 2 (Invitrogen, Cat. #51-6100), Occludin (Invitrogen, Cat. #33-1500, Clone OC-3F10), E-Cadherin (BD Biosciences, Cat. #610181), and MAC-387 (Invitrogen, Cat. #MA1-80446). Complete methodology for each marker can be found in Supplementary Table 3. Slides were scanned using a NanoZoomer S60 (Hamamatsu Photonics, Shizuoka, Japan) and visualized using NDP.view2 version 2.9.29 (Hamamatsu Photonics).
Stained images were scored both objectively and subjectively. For objective scoring, images were uploaded into QuPath version 0.5.1 (Bankhead et al., 2017). Areas of the mucosa were selected by a trained operator (JDY) with supervision by a board-certified pathologist (JPC) to exclude luminal contents and processing artifacts. Tissues were only considered if selected areas totaled 2.37 mm2. Pixelwise H-scores were calculated using modified scripts based on publicly available scripts implemented by Peter Bankhead and used scripts can be found in Supplementary File 2. Subjective scores were generated by a panel of three board-certified pathologists (JPC, JE, KL) following recommendations by Meyerholz and Beck (2018). Pathologists were instructed to score the epithelium and the lamina propria (LP) of each tissue separately. In brief, scores were created based off the approximate percentage of cells with immunoreactivity (0-100%) and the estimated intensity of the immunoreactivity (mild (1), moderate (2), marked (3)). By multiplying the % positivity of cells with the percentage of staining that was mild, moderate, and marked, which were represented by the numerical values 1, 2, and 3, respectively, the H-score for the epithelium and lamina propria were determined by all three pathologists independently
A unified model of feed rotation in radio telescopes and GNSS antennas
No full textThis dataset is associated with the Journal of Geodesy paper "A unified model of feed rotation in radio telescopes and GNSS antennas."
See ReadMe.txt for details on each included script
Latin American Press Review, Program 1973-09, 1973 May 17
No full textPart I: The report highlights violent repression in Puebla, Mexico, where police killed student activists, sparking protests and the governor’s removal. It critiques Nixon’s neglect of Latin America, ongoing Cuba tensions, and disputes with Chile and Panama. In Brazil, growing censorship reflects political struggles over presidential succession. A revolutionary group in Mexico kidnapped a U.S. consulate official to secure the release of political prisoners. Part II: The Guardian's article frames Héctor Cámpora’s 1973 inauguration as part of Argentina’s long struggle against imperialism. It traces Juan Perón’s rise, his worker-focused policies, his 1955 overthrow, and the subsequent military rule favoring foreign corporations. Decades of economic crises and popular resistance led to Cámpora’s election, but his government faces major economic challenges and internal Peronist conflicts. Files include CSVs of the annotated transcriptions and lists of places, people, organizations, subjects, and media sources mentioned in the radio program
Latin American Press Review, Program 1973-27, 1973 September 19
No full textPart I: The aftermath of the military coup in Chile, detailing General Augusto Pinochet's junta's actions. International condemnation ensues, with protests erupting globally, notably in Latin America and Europe. Costa Rica and Mexico witness student and citizen rallies against the coup, while Mexico City sees a large protest march against US involvement, echoing sentiments expressed by Chilean economist Osvaldo Sunkel at the United Nations. Criticism of the Nixon Administration's policies in South America surfaces, attributing US involvement in the coup to economic manipulation and military assistance to pro-American forces. The Guardian suggests US complicity at various levels. Additionally, Cuba's response to the coup, with Cuba seeking to strengthen its regional influence through diplomatic and economic engagements. Part II: Alan Marks, drawing from his two-year research experience in Chile, sheds light on life under the Allende government, highlighting the country's political sophistication and press freedom. He details his work in the Agrarian Reform Agency, witnessing efforts to redistribute land and improve living conditions. Marks challenges reports of strikes and food shortages, attributing meat scarcity to increased consumption and deliberate hoarding by wealthy landowners. He criticizes right-wing attempts to create panic and artificial shortages, praising government efforts to distribute resources fairly. Despite economic challenges and US interference, Marks notes increased support for the Popular Unity party in the 1973 elections, reflecting widespread understanding of the root causes of problems. He discusses the failed truck owner strike in October 1972 and highlights the left's resilience in keeping essential industries operational. Marks defends Allende's gradual approach to reforms and respect for constitutional limits, refuting claims of excessive speed. Files include CSVs of the annotated transcriptions and lists of places, people, organizations, subjects, and media sources mentioned in the radio program
Building Critical Components in AI Literacy Workshops with Data Feminism - Panel Discussion
No full textPresentation given for the GAIL Conference, Online
Latin American Press Review, Program 1973-05, 1973 April 19
No full textPart I: The Latin American Press Review delves into the historical ties of the Watergate defendants to the Bay of Pigs invasion, framing current events within a broader context. Opinião of Brazil discusses the impending visit of General Creighton Abrams, potentially signaling either preparation for President Nixon's visit or a diplomatic counteroffensive against ideological pluralism, although the closure of Opinião due to Brazilian regime censorship highlights ongoing press repression. Excélsior of Mexico anticipates Nixon's possible trip to Latin America amidst rising anti-US sentiment, exacerbated by Nixon's recent statements favoring multinational corporations and trade threats to the region, while political shifts in countries like Peru and Venezuela present challenges for such a visit. Meanwhile, Secretary of State William Rogers plans a trip through key Latin American countries, excluding Chile and Panama due to bilateral challenges, particularly concerning trade and the Panama Canal. As US officials strategize, Latin American nations engage in their own diplomatic efforts, with Mexico's President Echeverria visiting Moscow and declining relations with General Franco of Spain, and Argentina grappling with increased guerrilla activity, posing challenges for the incoming Peronist government's governance and security strategies. Part II: The Latin American Press Review examines the global dynamics of ecology, particularly Brazil's perspective, which diverges from the priorities of industrialized nations. While developed countries emphasize environmental protection, Brazil sees ecological concerns as barriers to its economic advancement, prioritizing poverty alleviation over pollution reduction and resisting external interference in its development plans. Brazil's rapid development in the Amazon region, driven by governmental initiatives and multinational corporations, disregards ecological consequences, sparking criticism from Western environmentalists. Despite concerns, Brazil remains steadfast in its pursuit of development, exemplified by its construction of a controversial hydroelectric plant on the Paraná River, despite objections from neighboring Argentina. The report highlights the impending conflicts between developed and developing nations over resource utilization and environmental preservation, calling for global cooperation and wealth redistribution to address the ecological crisis. However, it expresses skepticism about the likelihood of significant change given existing power structures, raising fears of ecological disasters and resource conflicts without substantial reforms. Files include CSVs of the annotated transcriptions and lists of places, people, organizations, subjects, and media sources mentioned in the radio program
NSF COLDEX/Open Polar Radar Example Delay Doppler Classification of Englacial Reflectors
No full textThis is an example line of NSF COLDEX MARFA ice penetrating radar data
(CLX/MKB2o/R66a) that has been processed to provide azimuthal information about radar echos from below, and to the front and back of the aircraft. The input was 1 meter slow time resampled coherent range record with phase intact. The data were pulse compressed and an azimuth fast Fourier transform was used to convert to azimuth angles in 1 km chunks, then slices at -19°, +19˚ and nadir were selected for these numpy arrays. These can be displayed as an RGB image with Blue = nadir, red = forward and green = rear
The nadir slice should dominate specular echos, as seen with englacial reflecting horizons; where this trades to more balanced returns across all three channels, scattering dominates, as with rough bed rock or volume scattering. A gmt text file contains information about where this transition occurs in the ice column.
Details in delay Doppler processing can be found in <a href="http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/mro/mro-m-sharad-5-radargram-
v1/mrosh_2001/document/rgram_processing.pdf">Campbell et al., 2014; the idea for using this approach for looking at englacial structure was discussed by Arenas-Pingarrón, Á. et al.,
2023. Details of HiCARs/MARFA focused processing can be found in Peters et al., 2007.</p
NSF COLDEX Ice Penetrating Radar Derived Grids of the Southern Flank of Dome A
No full textNSF COLDEX performed two airborne campaigns from South Pole Station over the Southern Flank of Dome A and 2022-23 and 2023-24, searching for a potential site of a continuous ice core that could sample the mid-Pleistocene transition. Ice thickness data extracted from the MARFA radar system has allow for a new understanding of this region.
Here we generate crustal scale maps of ice thickness, bed elevation, specularity content, subglacial RMS deviation, surface elevation and fractional basal ice thickness with 1 km sampling, and 10 km resolution. We include both masked and unmasked grids.
The projection is in the SCAR standard ESPG:3031 polar stereographic projection with true scale at 71˚S.
These geotiffs were generated using performed using GMT6.5 (Wessel et al., 2019) using the pygmt interface, by binning the raw data to 2.5 km cells, and using the nnbathy program to apply natural neighbor interpolation to 1 km sampling. A 10 km Gaussian filter - representing typical lines spacings - was applied and then a mask was applied for all locations where the nearest data point was further than 8 km.
Ice thickness, bed elevation and RMS deviation @ 400 m length scale (roughness) data includes the following datasets:
UTIG/CRESIS NSF COLDEX Airborne MARFA data
British Antarctic Survey AGAP-North
LDEO AGAP-South
British Antarctic Survey Polargap
UTIG Support Office for Airborne Research Pensacola-Pole Transect (PPT)
NASA/CReSIS 2016 and 2018 Operation Ice Bridge
ICECAP/PRIC SPICECAP Titan Dome Survey
Specularity content (Schroeder et al. 2014) is compiled from Young et al. 2025a and Young et al. 2025b.
Basal ice fractional thickness is complied from manual interpretation by Vega González, Yan and Singh.
Surface elevations is derived by combining the following datasets:
UTIG 2022-23 and 2023-24 NSF COLDEX laser altimetry data
BAS 2015-16 Polargap laser altimetry data (used for the surface in the bed elevation pick data)
SOAR 1998-99 Pensacola-Pole Transect laser altimetry data
ICECAP 2016-17 SPICECAP laser altimetry data
NASA 2019-2024 ICESat-2/ATLAS gridded surface elevation data (north of 88˚S)
Code to generated these grids can be found at at github.com </p
COLDEX VHF MARFA Open Polar Radar radargrams
No full textThese transect projected radargrams were collected as part of the Center for Oldest Ice Exploration (COLDEX) Science and Technology Center (https://www.coldex.org) in the 2022/23 (CXA1) and 2023/24 (CXA2) airborne field seasons. The raw 3 TB data is deposited at the USAP data center at https://doi.org/10.15784/601768. The set of images in this archive was designed for easy, non expert, access to radargrams, organized according to survey design.
The science goal was to characterize the ice sheet between Antarctica's Dome A and Amundsen Scott South Pole Station, to locate sites of interest for the drilling of an ice core with ages spanning the mid-Pleistocene. The radar was deployed on Balser C-FMKB, and flown at ranges of up to 800 km from South Pole Station at velocities of 90 m/s and typical altitude above ground of 600 m. Other instruments included a UHF array system provided by the University of Kansas, a gravity meter, a magnetometer, a laser altimeter, and multiple global navigation satellite systems receivers. The radar data is used for finding ice thickness, bed character, englacial structure and surface assessment.
Dataset organization Transects are provided a P/S/T nomenclature, organized by the Project they are flying in, the acquisition System (typically named after the aircraft) and the Transect within the Project.
Transects were collected in preplanned systems with the following parameters (examples below):
The CLX radials (CLX/MKB##/R###), attempting to emulate flow lines from Dome A and radiating (in the EPSG:3031 polar stereographic projection) from easting 965 km northing 385 km, with a separation of 0.25 degrees.
The CLX corridor (CLX/MKB##/X###) rotated from the EPSG:3031 polar stereographic projection at -150 degrees and separated by 10 km in the Y direction and 3.75 km in the X direction
The CLX2 corridor (CLX2/MKB##/X###) rotated from the EPSG:3031 polar stereographic projection at -150 degrees and separated by 2.5 km in its Y direction and 2.5 km in its X direction
The NPXE radials (NPXE/MKB##/R###) radiating (in the EPSG:3031 polar stereographic projection) from easting 0 km and northing 0 km (ie South Pole), with a separation of 2 degrees.
The SAD corridor (SAD/MKB##/X###|Y####) designed to characterize the Saddle region near South Pole approximately perpendicular to the flow lines, rooted from the EPSG:3031 polar stereographic projection at -73.8 degrees and separated by 2.5 km in its Y direction and 2.5 km in the its X direction
Untargeted transit lines used the name of the expedition (CXA1) as the project, and used the flight and the increment within the flight to name the Transect (eg (CXA1/MKB2n/F10T02a).
Processing These images were processed using the CReSIS Synthetic Aperture Radar Processor (CSARP), as part of the Open Polar Radar Effort. Data were processed using pulse compression and matched filter approach for focusing optimized for producing data with 25 m along track sampling. Radio Frequency Interference was partially removed. See the Open Polar Radar server for more detail.
Data format Radar data is provided in three formats:
Browse data in PNG format are provided with marked axis depth projected, correcting for the velocity of ice, and projected along track into consistent project coordinates. Turns are trimmed off. Long transects are projected to ~30x vertical exaggeration, shorter transects have constant size.
Image data in grayscale JPEG format are provided without ornamentation. but are depth projected, correcting for the velocity of ice, and projected along track into consistent project coordinates. Turns are trimmed off. All images have a constant vertical scale of 1.69 m/pixel and horizontal scale of 25 m per pixel. The minimum black value corresponds to -140 dB, and the maximum white value corresponds to 0 dB, for a resolution of ~0.5 dB. Use of this data for radiometric interpretation has not been validated.
Metadata is provided in in comma delimited csv format. Columns included:
CSARP record (the number of record or trace in the original flight based processing
UNIX time [s] (seconds from midnight January 1, 1970, with no leap seconds)
Longitude [degrees] (WGS-84)
Latitude [degrees] (WGS-84)
Aircraft Elevation [m] (WGS-84)
Surface Echo Delay [s] (time delay between surface echo and transmission)
Roll [degrees] (right wing down positive)
Pitch [degrees] (nose down positive)
Heading [degrees] (right of North)
EPSG 3031 Easting [m] (projected coordinate)
EPSG 3031 Northing [m] (projected coordinate)
displayed_distance [km] (x-axis distance)
surface_elevation [m] (radar estimate surface elevation, WGS-84)
blanking [px] (sampled (blanked above surface return)
Elevation of image top [m] (WGS-84 elevation of the top of the projected image)
Elevation of image bottom [m] (WGS-84 elevation of the bottom of the projected image)
A summary csv file is provided with transect name, start and end points in geographic and projected coordinates, and projection.
Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Center for Oldest Ice Exploration, an NSF Science and Technology Center (NSF 2019719). We thank the NSF Office of Polar Programs, the NSF Office of Integrative Activities, and Oregon State University for financial and infrastructure support, and the NSF Antarctic Infrastructure and Logistics Program, and the Antarctic Support Contractor for logistical support. Additional support was provided by the G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation and the NSF-sponsored Open Polar Radar project (NSF 2126503 & 2127606)