Global Journal of Computer Science and Technology (GJCST)
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A Survey: Hierarchal Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks
Get PDFThe wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has been grown immensely in the past few decades. Researcher had proposed a number of routing protocols for WSN. WSN has two type of architecture layered and cluster architecture. We classify various clustering approaches based on different criterion in section [3]. Hierarchical Clustering protocols discussed in section [4] have extensively been used to achieve network scalability, energy efficiency and network lifetime. In this paper we discuss the challenges in design of WSN, advantages and objectives of clustering, various clustering approaches. We present a detailed survey on proposed clustering routing protocol in WSN literature
Detection of Optic Disc and Hard Exudates Using TWIN PLANE Gradient Windowing Technique
Get PDFDetection of Optic disc (OD) in a fundus image is a foremost important step in the process of screening the diabetic retinopathy [1,4,18]. Hard Exudates detection algorithms usually find lot of false positives since the intensity and color distribution of OD will much resemble that of a Hard Exudates region [15,16]. So, most of the Exudates detection algorithms will miss classify the pixels at the OD region as Hard Exudates [2]. In our previous works, we used Genetic Algorithm(GA)[23,24] to find the OD location and size and reduced overall time, even doing the search on the entire problem space and also removed false hard exudates. In this work we are improving Hard Exudates detection accuracy using gradient index mapping technique applied on two similar planes of the RGB. The new algorithm is termed as TWINGRAB use the the two planes of the RGB after proper gradient projection. The database used for this preprocessing is DIARETDB1[10] for evaluation and comparision with the existing methods
VOIP End-To-End Security using S/MIME and a Security Toolbox
Get PDFVoice Over Internet Protocol (VOIP) is a rapidlygrowing Internet service for telephone communication. However, while it offers a number of cost advantages over traditional telephone service, it can pose a security threat, especially when used over public networks. In the absence of sufficient security, users of public networks are open to threats such as identity theft, man-in-the-middle attack, interception of messages/eavesdropping, DOS attacks, interruption of service and spam. S/MIME adds security to the message itself and can be used to provide end-to-end security to SIP. S/MIME can also offer confidentiality or integrity, or both, but it does not provide any anti-replay protection. However, we propose to use a unified architecture for the implementation of security protocols in the form of a security toolbox system. It will prevent an attack against anti-replay
An Enhanced CBC Algorithm for Data Security in the Cloud
Get PDFRecent times, Storing data over the cloud has become more common for the reason that the data could be accessed globally .The data being stored on the cloud could involve confidential data, that needs security. The confidential data that is stored on the cloud through the database could be anything like username, email, password etc. This paper presents the idea/implementation of an Enhanced CBC algorithm on the cloud data. Through this cryptography technique the confidential data can be secured and authenticated
Critical Comments on the Sensorimotor Approach to Consciousness
Get PDFCognitive neuroscience and contemporary physicalist philosophies of mind typically hold the view that minds somehow reduce to brain activity. This is achieved through representations that evolved to map reality and are subjected to computational activity. The received view has been criticized mostly through thought experiments that rely on the notion of qualia, but philosopher Alva NoEB; follows a different approach, called the 201C;sensorimotor theory201D;. Unlike the orthodoxy, NoEB; argues that our minds are not inside our bodies; they are better seen as a dynamic process of embodied cognition. This means mental activity emerges from our engagement with the world around us. NoEB;2019;s thesis is grounded on original arguments that are both empirical and philosophical in nature
Performance Analysis of Quickreduct, Quick Relative Reduct Algorithm and a New Proposed Algorithm
Get PDFFeature Selection is a process of selecting a subset of relevant features from a huge dataset that satisfy method dependent criteria and thus minimize the cardinality and ensure that the accuracy and precision is not affected ,hence approximating the original class distribution of data from a given set of selected features. Feature selection and feature extraction are the two problems that we face when we want to select the best and important attributes from a given dataset Feature selection is a step in data mining that is done prior to other steps and is found to be very useful and effective in removing unimportant attributes so that the storage efficiency and accuracy of the dataset can be increased. From a huge pool of data available we want to extract useful and relevant information. The problem is not the unavailability of data, it is the quality of data that we lack in. We have Rough Sets Theory which is very useful in extracting relevant attributes and help to increase the importance of the information system we have. Rough set theory works on the principle of classifying similar objects into classes with respect to some features and those features may collectively and shortly be termed as reducts
Longer Distance Hop Count BasedPriority Congestion Control Technique for Wireless Sensor Networks
Get PDFWireless Sensor Network consists of large number of tiny sensor nodes (Tsodes) distributed in an area, having insufficient processing power, communicating over a network. These Tsodes are circulated in given network environment so that they gather data, process that data and send it to the destination. Rising large applications need to transport massive data packets to the sink node from different sensor nodes without having much loss of data packets in the network. Network must be escaped from the congestion, occurs usually at the Tsodes nearer to base station / sink node. Congestion not only causes packet loss, but also leads to unnecessary energy consumption as well as delay. Therefore, in order to extend network lifetime and improve fairness and provide better quality of service, developing a novel solution for congestion estimation and control is important to be considered. This paper proposes a approach of packet level priority for controlling the congestion in WSN. It uses the hop count value and the distance vector among sink and Tsodes. The technique avoids the congestion faster and improves the overall network throughput and delay too for WSN
Virtual Grader for Apple Qualityassessment using Fruit Size and Illumiation Features
Get PDFThe present paper reports on the development of an intelligent virtual grader for assessing apple quality using machine vision. The heart of the proposed virtual grader was executed in the form of K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) classifier designed on the architecture of Euclidean distance metric. KNN classifier is executed for this particular application due to its robustness to the noisy environment. The present study revealed that fruit surface illumination is one of the major deterministic parameters affecting accuracy substantially while assessing apple quality based on fruit size. The performance of the proposed virtual grader was examined experimentally under different conditions of fruit surface illumination. An industrial grade camera connected to an image grabber was used to implement the proposed industrial-grade virtual grader using machine vision. Results of this study are quite promising with an achievement of 99% efficiency at 100% repeatability when fruit surface is exposed to an optimal value of 310 lux. However, such an attempt has not been made earlier
Performance Evaluation of Three Node Tandem Communication Network Model with feedback for First Two Nodes having Homogeneous Poisson Arrivals
Get PDFIn this paper we introduced the three node communication model with feedback for the first and second nodes assuming where every arrival makes homogeneous Poisson process one of the possible decisions by forwarding to the next node or to return back to nodes without taking service. Assuming such a decision to be entirely governed by the queue at the instant of the arrival, the transient solution is obtained using difference2013;differential equations; probability generating function of the number of packets in the buffer connected to the transmitter the System is analyzed. The dynamic bandwidth allocation policy for transmission is considered. The performance measures of the network like, mean content of the buffers, mean delays, throughput, transmitter utilization etc. are derived explicitly under transient conditions
A Review-: Benefits and Critical Factors of Customer Relationship Management
Get PDFCustomer Relationship Management (CRM) is a technical jargon which is a blend of methodologies, software and internet, which are used by a company to achieve its goal through the identification and satisfaction of customer2019;s stated and unstated needs and wants. This software addresses customer life cycle management. This system manages company interactions with current and future customers. It involves technology to organize, automate and synchronize business processes. CRM application is an essential tool for a company to grow and help to increase the satisfaction of customers. There are many benefits of CRM; those make the market environment customer centric. In this paper, we reviewed previous studies and identify those benefits which affect customers and company both. But CRM has many problems also because of them CRM gets failure. Its failure rate is more than its success rate. We also elaborated its failure factors and along with them its critical success factors which help in making CRM a successful project for a company, however implementation of CRM is a complex task