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The Role and Impact of Islamic Identity in the Process of Nation-State Building in Iran and Turkey
Get PDFAfter the church”™s dominating influence waned in Europe and the idea of nationalism was developed by redefining church doctrines in the form of a set of shared beliefs, nation-states began to arise in Europe based on nationalism. Such developments that all had resulted from the socio-historical dynamics in European countries, led to the formation of powerful nation-states. However, this pattern was considered to be a weapon against religion when it was imported to the Middle East and countries like Iran and Turkey with basically no indigenous outcomes and solely based on their historical experience of dealing with the West. Nevertheless, religious traditions not only were not removed from the socio-political realms of life all at once, but contributed to the process of nation-state building as elements that can giving identity. Such elements evolved differently in Iran and Turkey in spite of many similarities, such as Muslim nations, the moral system of Islam, the spirit of Islamic amity and brotherhood. The Republic of Turkey emerged from Western modernism due to the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, while the Iranian modern state formed based on Iranian history and culture, indeed, with an archaistic approach. The question that the present paper seeks to answer is, “how did the Islamic identity in Iran and Turkey influence the nation-state building process?” And given the fact that the process still exists, “how will be the impact of Islam on the new features of nation-states (citizen rights, civil society organizations, etc.)?” The study findings indicate that both Iranian and Turkish states have used Islam for the establishment and building of a nation-state based on the position of religious teachings and the clergy in their societies. The role of Islam was greater in Iran. In addition, the process of nation-building in Iran and Turkey has not ended yet, and it seems that there will be an Islamic conciliatory yet volatile approach to the new features of the nation-state building
Role of Sociability and Usability of Social Media on Consumer”™s Behavioral Outcome; Mediation Role of Consumer Perceived Value
Get PDFSince its commencement, online media platforms or networking sites has kept on encountering rapid growth. However, in literature, the marvel is still particularly in its early stage. Limited research studies in previous literature put spotlights on user”™s behavioral outcome such as purchase intention resulted from web-based social media networking platforms. Such researchers either focus on the impact of social media operational components and characteristics of virtual group”™s members on the behavioral outcome (consumer purchase intention). Therefore, present study presenting a robust insight through an integrated dynamic conceptual framework of the social media operational and psychological antecedents and their influence on consumers”™ purchase intention for sustainable businesses through the mediation role of consumer perceived value. This study focuses on social media importance for sustainable growth in business by effective the application of social media as a strategic tool. The strategy utilized is quantitative and 300 participants participated. Results was conducted by Smart PLS. Partial Least Square- Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) is applied on the data. However, the result demonstrates that web-based social media engagement antecedents decidedly or positively impact on buyer”™s buying expectation or behavioral outcome
International Contracts and Global Developments
Get PDFIn This article, international conventions and global developments were investigated. Of course, the first problem that is going to happen is how laws and regulations govern these relationships. The terms of the trader\u27s party or the contractor in terms of economic risk and the ability to perform the contract, as well as the scope of the implementation of the contract, according to the internal rules of the other party after the rule of law, is important, the manner of formulation and content of the contract is important, so that each contract from the crossroad The element of suggestion and acceptance is obtained. Proposing and accepting two basic and fundamental pillars for each contract. Therefore, the legal effects arising from the types of international contracts and the incentive for foreign investment in this area are very important given the removal of obstacles to the conclusion of international contracts for the provision of services and their implementation. Considering the adoption of the barriers and problems mentioned in the national laws and the impact of sanctions originating from other countries and risks in the field of international trade, a new issue is raised which the impact of the provision of services based on domestic law, contractual risks and pressures from international sanctions Concluding and executing international services? Or, in the absence of the appropriate context, with what tools and facilities could the incentive to contract be made on the external side, and, finally, the sale of services and the development and flourishing of the country\u27s economic and productive cycles by attracting foreign capital and presenting the world\u27s modern technology
The role of parathyroid hormone (pth) in the 6-month prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized in the cardiac unit of university hospitals of ahvaz city in 2015-2016
Get PDFBackground and aim:Chronic heart failure (CHF) syndrome is the most common cause of hospitalization in patients over 65 years of age. HF is a clinical disorder that occurs due to impairment in the structure or function of the heart as inherent or acquired, and causes clinical symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the 6-month prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized in the cardiac unit of university hospitals of Ahvaz city in 2015-2016. Materials and methods: This study is a descriptive epidemiologic study. In this study, a total of 202 people were enrolled in the study, of which 126 (62.3%) were male and 76 (37.6%) were female, and patients classified for HF according to Framingham criteria and in the subgroup of systolic HF (with an ejection fraction of less than or equal to 40%) and hospitalized in the heart unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ahvaz during the year 2015-2016 were enrolled in the study. Findings: The results showed that the chance of stroke and death in people with a PTH of more than 39 pg/ml is 5.85 times more than those with PTH of less than 39 pg/ml, and with the rise in the NYHA, PTH has also increased.Discussion and Conclusion: According to the evaluations conducted in this study, it was found that PTH is related to the severity of heart failure and subsequently its short-term prognosis. Therefore, it seems that during the first hospitalization of patients with heart failure, measurement of PTH can play a significant role in clarifying patients\u27 clinical condition and predicting their short-term prognosis, and subsequently changing of the therapeutic route
La bibliometría como herramienta para el análisis de dominio en Comunicación Social. Comportamiento de la producción científica cubana (1960-2016): Propuesta de investigación
Get PDFLa presente contribución tiene como objetivo esencial exponer los principales elementos a desarrollar para el cumplimiento del objetivo general de la futura tesis de maestría de la autora a partir de la presentación de su proyecto de investigación. Se abordan aspectos generales sobre algunas consideraciones teóricas relacionadas con la Teoría del Análisis de Dominio, la Metría del Conocimiento y la Comunicación Social, esta última como área de estudio, las cuales se tendrán en cuenta para conformar el corpus teórico de la futura tesis. Se presenta la metodología a utilizar en la futura investigación para llegar a los resultados esperados
Complex engineering systems: rational choice of evolutionary projects
Get PDFThis article is devoted to several actual problems of complex engineering system design and development. The main subject is how to choose most rational project for system future evolution from various proposed one. Fuzzy forecasting approach seems to be mostly fruitful solution to overcome these problems. A new technique for realizing this approach via fuzzy shaping of system”™s acceptability domain is considered. As example several useful yield results of the approach practical implementation achieved by choosing the best improving project for the real complex engineering system are established. Some perspective directions for future project development exploration based on fuzzy forecasting approach are briefly discussed
Las habilidades directivas en el manejo de las finanzas para la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa
Get PDFEl trabajo tuvo como objetivo el poder caracterizar las habilidades directivas que debe manejar el Gerente de una PYMES para el manejo de las finanzas de este tipo de Empresas. El método fue exploratorio y cualitativo y la investigación documental empleando como Bases de Datos especializadas Google Académico y Scopus, permitió analizar 26 relacionadas directamente con los Modelos de Gestión para PYMES, 129 referencias en Scopus que trataban desde distintos puntos de vista la problemática PYMES a nivel internacional y 23 referencias más relacionadas con el análisis de la situación de las PYMES en América Latina.El trabajo evidenció y permitió recopilar un conjunto de importantes referencias que permiten formular posibles líneas de investigación y las dificultades en extrapolar los resultados entre países diferentes.Se analizaron las bases para establecer las habilidades directivas necesarias para el manejo de las finanzas de las PYMES. Estas no pueden ignorar la complejidad económica social y política en que operan estas. Se recomienda para ello un enfoque que considere:Lograr una visión integral que debe regir en las habilidades directivas que se deben establecer para el caso de las PYMES.El conocimiento y manejo de la cultura organizacional imperante.El papel del liderazgo y de sus prácticas en las PYMES.La situación de riesgo operacional que enfrentan las PYMES para cada país
Análisis de factores de competitividad y su incidencia en la gestión de ventas del mercado artesanal Guayaquil.
Get PDFEn En el mundo globalizado en que se desenvuelven los negocios, es necesario conocer los factores de competitividad que permitan a las empresas aumentar sus ventas para obtener sostenibilidad en el tiempo. El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar ciertos factores que caracterizan a la competitividad empresarial, contextualizado en el mercado artesanal de Guayaquil -Ecuador, a fin de determinar su incidencia en las ventas de las microempresas de este sector.La metodología a seguir para analizar los factores de competitividad de este sector, se sustenta en métodos y técnicas científicas (observación, entrevistas y encuestas) aplicadas a los microempresarios del mercado artesanal de Guayaquil, siendo esta investigación exploratoria, descriptiva y explicativa.Los resultados obtenidos, presentan los principales factores de competitividad, que se centran en la gestión administrativa, logística y productividad asociado con el nivel de ventas de las microempresas artesanales. Estos resultados servirán de referentes para futuras investigaciones, considerando otros factores de competitividad en las microempresas artesanales, que permitan diseñar nuevas estrategias para contribuir al desarrollo de este sector, resaltando la necesidad del uso crítico y reflexivo de la teoría a lo largo del proceso investigativo.
A Comparative Study of the Resurrection in Islam and Zoroastrianism
Get PDFSince belief in the resurrection in the divine religions is considered as a genuine belief, addressing the issue of resurrection and comparing it in different religions is very important. This paper compares the resurrection in the two religions of Islam and Zoroastrians, their similarities and differences in subjects such as the time of resurrection, the way and place of rising from death, the duration of torment, physical resurrection, public assembling, the embodiment of the actions, the duration of resurrection, the test of fire or passing through the molten material, divine judgment, and Saoshyant with DÄbÄ-al-Ardh in the Qur\u27an. It can be used both for believers to discriminate the right beliefs and for the researchers in the field of history, culture and sociology. In addition, it can be a positive step towards the approximation of the followers of religions and the unity of the human community
Short-term Finance and Trade Credit
Get PDFTrade credit plays a main role in the commercial activities of every company and trade credit in the company shows the amount of trust of suppliers and creditors to the company. Companies with the good trade credit receive their required goods and service from suppliers without payment of cash and banks and other creditors proceed to confer the facilities by consideration of trade credit of the company. Therefore, one can consider the trade credit as a short-term investment instrument. This research intends to examine the relationship between short-term finance and trade credits in the companies agreed in stock exchange of Tehran during 2012-2016. Hence, one has been selected a sample of 90 companies by the method of systematic elimination. Result of this research implies significant and reverse relationship between short-term finance and trade credit. This result shows that well-off companies with a high credit can carry their purchases as credit and have lesser requirement to the finance out of company