Journal for Foundations and Applications of Physics
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Non-Destructive Investigation of Bulk Residual Stress in Automobile Brake Pads with its Service Life
Get PDFAutomobile brake systems transform kinetic energy into heat for the purpose of speed control. During this operation, rapid heating and cooling cycles cause the formation of residual stress in the brake pad backing plate. In this study, the relation between residual stress magnitude and the operation period is investigated to predict the service life of brake pads. Residual stresses are calculated related to longitudinal ultrasonic wave velocity variations which are measured non-destructively using cost effective and accurate immersion ultrasonic technique. Finally, a mathematical model is developed to predict residual stress in brake pad backing plates related to operation period
Derivation of generalized Young’s equation for cylindrical droplets between the outer surfaces of two tangent cylinders
Get PDFThe wetting properties of cylindrical droplets between the outer surfaces of two tangent cylinders are investigated by means of thermodynamics. For the three-phase system containing solid, liquid and vapor phases, a generalized Young equation for contact angles of cylindrical drops between the outer surfaces of two tangent cylinders has been thermodynamically derived. In fact, the theoretical foundation of the derived generalized Young’s equation is based on Gibbs’s capillary phenomena and the method of Rusanov’s dividing line
The Higgs boson and the signal at 750 GeV: Composite particles?
Get PDFThis article explores the possibility that the 125 GeV-mass particle discovered at CERN in 2012 is a composite particle. It then expands the theory to the hypothetical particle seeming to appear at 750 GeV. To that end, this ultra-relativistic quasi-classical model is presented. The results suggest the existence of a tauonium and quarkonia having the required mass
Variation of cross section with special points for 16-O(5/2+) and 16-O(1/2+) states in Alt Grassberger Sandhas version of Faddeev approach
Get PDFGauss Legendre special points and weights play a prime role in calculating the cross sections of nuclei in the excited states upto some extent. The inputs taken in these calculations are the separable form of T-matrix and the coupled angular momentum basis. The deuteron is considered to be a mixture of singlet as well as triplet states. The form of the potential is Wood–Saxon type and the parameters are fitted by Reid Soft Core potential. The main objective of our work is to show how the cross section varies with respect to the Gauss Legendre’s special points in terms of fermi
Specific parameters for some isotopes of copernicium and flerovium
Get PDFSuper heavy elements (SHE) in the periodic table are generally transuranic and transactinide elements having Z > 92. Here, some of the properties of two super heavy elements viz. Copernicium (Cn) and Flerovium (Fl) are discussed. The half life time, transition probability, Gamow’s factor, disintegration constant are calculated for these super heavy elements and compared with other values
Information and thermodynamic arrows of time
Get PDFThe article examines the thermodynamic arrow of time and the information arrow of time. The thermodynamic arrow of time is related to the second law of thermodynamics, and the information arrow of time shows that it is only possible to record information from the past, but not from the future. It has been concluded that on certain occasions the thermodynamic arrow of time and the information arrow of time may have different directions. According to the interpretation of Stueckelberg-Feynman-Sudarshan-Recami, the antiparticles are particles moving backwards in time. Classical thermodynamics can be extended to describe the physical properties of antimatter in two mutually exclusive ways: CP-invariant or CPT-invariant thermodynamics. From this point of view, the article shows the existing possibilities for the directions of the thermodynamic arrow of time and the information arrow of time. Thermodynamic systems have been examined that are composed of only matter or of only antimatter and observed (investigated) by hypothetical observers made of matter or antimatter. The information and entropy properties of the computational processes performed by a computer made of antimatter have been discussed
Separation energies of light nuclei with atomic number from 1 to 20
Get PDFThe 1n and 1p halo nuclei from atomic number 1 to 20 are discussed here to calculate the variation of separation energy with mass defect and binding energy. Semi-empirical mass formula and shell model are the methods applied here. The appearances of p- and r-branches satisfying the selection rules for different isotopes of nuclides are discussed
Subjective nature of Reality: The Metabrain and Schroedinger’s Cat
Get PDFWe show that according to quantum theory and special relativity that “objects” do not have independent existence or characteristics. We argue that reality consists of highly correlated but distinct streams of consciousness possibly created by a “metabrain”
Study of radiative and kinetic properties of femtosecond laser ablated brass plasma by optical emission spectroscopy
Get PDFFemtosecond laser induced plasma (LIP) in brass was characterized by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). The LIP spectra is dominated by emission from excited neutral species of Cu and Zn. The ionic emission lines are found to decay more rapidly compared to the atomic emission lines. Time resolved OES studies on the expanding plasma plume have provided some insight into probable excitation pathways and the temporal behavior of the excited species.
Further assuming local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE), the fs-LIP source was characterized for excitation temperature and electron number densities by using the Boltzmann plot method and the width of Stark broadened line profiles respectively. The influence of laser fluence on excitation temperature and electron density was also investigated. The emission intensities exhibit two ablation regimes corresponding to ablation dominated by optical penetration depth at low fluence and by electron thermal diffusion length at higher fluence. Comparative studies on the behavior of copper emission lines from both pure copper and brass samples suggest that femtosecond laser pulses might mitigate the matrix effect in the ablation process. 
Speciation of Cr (III) and Cr (VI) in Industrial Waste Water using Biphasic Extraction and Determination by LIBS
Get PDFAn aqueous, biphasic one step separation method for Cr (III) and Cr (VI) is presented in this paper. Optimization of different parameters like pH, volume of solvent etc. in the extraction experiments are carried out using standard solutions of Cr (VI) and Cr (III). Extraction efficiency for chromium species using biphasic technique is calculated by performing quantitative analysis of chromium using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). After biphasic extraction, LIBS spectra of (NH4)2SO4 containing Cr are recorded by depositing and drying 20 µL of this solution on Whatman filter paper (No. 542). Quantitative analysis of LIBS spectra are performed using Cr emission line at 425.4 nm. Optimum extraction (about 90 %) of Cr (VI) is found at pH 4 and solvent volume 4mL. The optimized methodology is then used for determination of total Cr and Cr (VI) in waste water collected from leather tanning industries of Kanpur City, India