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Empathy profiles
Get PDF67 leaves : illustrations ; 29 cmIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-67).Negotiation is a critical component of job performance across a variety of occupations. Though many factors influencing negotiation performance have been studied, research on individual (specifically personality) traits has lagged behind. The current research addresses this gap by studying individual-level empathy and its impact on negotiation performance. Using archival data, latent profile analyses were conducted to identify profiles based on the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), a measure of four empathy facets (Davis, 1983). ANOVAs were used to link profiles to distributive and integrative negotiation outcomes. Four empathy profiles emerged that were replicated across two samples. The profiles showed no significant relationships with negotiation performance, however, significant correlations were found with the Big Five personality traits and Emotional Intelligence. Results contribute to the realm of negotiation and empathy research by testing the underlying factors of Dual Concern Theory and discovering empathy profiles that broaden the possibilities of future research
The culture and normalization of corruption in Nigeria : a focus on the Nigerian government
Get PDF135 leaves ; 29 cmIncludes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-131).This thesis examines the problem of corruption in Nigeria. Corruption has been theorized to be the major factor that hinders the development of Nigeria. The overarching objective was to understand the perception of the Nigerian diaspora about the culture and normalization of corruption in Nigeria. 10 in-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with Nigerians living in Nova Scotia, Canada. The General Strain Theory (GST) was used to understand, explain and analyse the data that was collected. Four themes were identified from the data analysis. The findings reveal that there must be an overhaul of the system and a process of unlearning, re-learning and acculturation before strides can be made to reduce corruption. These findings have implications for policy makers, the Nigerian government and contribute to a knowledge base in the social sciences
A science-industry study of the distribution of fishing benefits to the community of Grand Manan, Bay of Fundy
Get PDFviii, 120 leaves : colour illustrations, colour maps ; 29 cmIncludes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-100).To assess the state of Canadian fisheries, it is important to measure how benefits are distributed within, and across fishing communities and how this changes over time. I collaborated with government and industry members to identify and examine a suitable set of social and economic indicators that can satisfy this objective. Examining Grand Manan, New Brunswick, and communities in the Maritimes Region of Atlantic Canada, I tested the indicators using quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative methods included proportional trend, Lorenz Curve, Gini Coefficient, and spatial analyses. I collected qualitative data from participants who were knowledgeable of Grand Manan fisheries. I analyzed three case fisheries (lobster, herring purse seine, and mobile groundfish) for comparison based on: reports of changing distribution of community benefits, data availability, and the ability to interview knowledgeable participants. The results revealed that there was increasing unevenness in the distribution of benefits among and across communities, over time. Survey data documented a series of factors (e.g. resource scarcity, financial unviability, asset transferability, and a short-sighted management regime) which are driving the widening unevenness and reinforcing negative community effects. This research has the potential to guide future efforts which aim to understand distribution of benefits in fisheries, which is critical to policy and sustainable communities
Mineralogical and fluid inclusion characteristics of epithermal-style gold mineralization at the Goldy and Irene showings, Dawson Range, Yukon Territory, Canada
Get PDF1 online resource (71 p.) : illustrations (chiefly colour), colour mapsIncludes abstract and appendices.Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-48).Jurassic- to Cretaceous-age gold mineralization at the Goldy and Irene showings in the Dawson Range, Yukon Territory occurs in intrusive igneous bodies and metasedimentary rocks of the Yukon-Tanana terrane. Petrography, fluid inclusion microthermometry, electron microprobe analysis, and SEM-BSE techniques were used to study the characteristics of Au mineralization. At the Goldy showing mineralization consists of: pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, (suspected) dissolved gold in sulfides, sphalerite, galena, +/- tetrahedrite-tennantite, +/- rutile and boulangerite in multiple stages of hydrothermal quartz-carbonate veining. At the Irene showing mineralization consists of: pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, galena, stibnite, electrum, rutile, boulangerite, and a variety of Sb-sulfides and sulfosalts hosted in quartz-carbonate veining. Fluid inclusion microthermometry of secondary inclusions hosted in quartz showed salinity ranges of 0- 6 wt% NaCl eq at Goldy, and homogenization temperatures (ThL+V→L) of 200-250 °C. At Irene salinity ranges of 5-15 wt% NaCl eq. and ThL+V→L of 140-230 °C were determined. The results of mineralogical and fluid inclusion studies suggest that the showings can be classified as low- (to intermediate)-sulfidation epithermal style mineralization. The dissimilarity of salinities and ThL+V→L values, with Irene being a cooler (and possibly deeper) hydrothermal system with higher salinities than Goldy indicates differing distances from a common heat source and more pronounced involvement of meteoric water at Goldy. Two different mineralizing events are proposed: a high T event involving As-Au association, and a lower T event, more consistent with epithermal T conditions involving Sb-Au association that is more pronounced at the Irene showing
Effects of inbreeding on fitness in the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis)
Get PDF1 online resource (vi, 57 p.) : illustrations (some colour)Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-57).Offspring that are a product of inbreeding often have reduced fitness, known as inbreeding depression. Though our understanding of the impacts of inbreeding depression in wild populations is in its infancy, it is thought that the effects of inbreeding depression are much stronger in the wild than previously suspected. This is due to the cost of inbreeding being higher in wild populations than in captive. The North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) is one of the most endangered large whale species and has shown little signs of recovery over the past 70 years. This lack of recovery is due, at least in part, to a reproductive rate that is three-times lower than their known potential. North Atlantic right whales also have extremely low levels of genetic diversity. This project was conducted to assess the degree to which inbreeding could explain the variation seen in the fitness of individuals of this species. Demographic and genetic data measured at 35 microsatellites, made available to us from the North Atlantic Right Whale Consortium, were used to calculate measures of both fitness and inbreeding for individual right whales from 1990-2016. Fitness was measured through the use of the de-lifing method, and the inbreeding coefficient quantified was the internal relatedness calculation. Measures of fitness in survival showed small amounts of variation between years with most individuals surviving. Mean values of fecundity each year showed greater amounts of variation and overall lower levels of fitness. Results from linear regression analyses showed that inbreeding explains little of the variation in both survival and fecundity for this species. This study has provided quantified measures of fitness for each right whale. Further studies should be completed using genomic data to continue examining the potential impacts of inbreeding on fitness in the North Atlantic right whale
Assessing Uganda’s approach to refugee management
Get PDF1 online resource (iv, 69 p.) : colour mapIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-69).Uganda has what is widely regarded by the international community to be a progressive approach to refugee management, outlined in the state’s 2006 Refugee Act which provides refugees with the right to land, free movement, and employment in the country, according to the 1951 Geneva Convention for Refugees. of which Uganda is a signatory. The country’s policies and proposed programs for refugees support the integration of refugee with host communities, as well as increased self-sufficiency of refugee populations. The intent behind Ugandan policies is to reduce the burden of support of refugee populations on both the Ugandan government and international organizations working in the country. Thus, Ugandan refugee policies in theory have the potential to be mutually beneficial for all parties involved: refugee communities, surrounding host populations, the international community and the Ugandan state. Refugee
management in practice however reveals that these goals are not met as designed. This thesis investigates the Ugandan refugee management approach and, in particular, how Ugandan refugee policies apply in practice, where they fall short and what can be done to address the policy shortcomings for the benefit of refugees and refugee communities within the existing international and state refugee legal framework and funding availability. My comparative analysis of existing settlements and their histories reveals the importance of designing policy that strengthens ethnic
and livelihood diversification in refugee settlements, socio - demographic balancing within such settlements, but also ability to access fertile land and proximity to local populations, as these factors play a pivotal role to refugee self-sufficiency
The effects of a novel, slow-release application method for an Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract biofertilizer on maize (Zea mays L.) growth and nutrient accumulation
Get PDF1 online resource (iii, 63 p.) : illustrationsIncludes abstract and appendix.Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-61).Applications of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts (ANE) in a liquid formulation improves yield in some crops by increasing nutrient uptake. However, the repeated applications of liquid formulations needed to induce these effects can be expensive and time-consuming. A one-time application of a slow-release ANE formulation may be a more efficient application method. In the current study, slow-release ANE formulations were developed, and it was hypothesized that applications of these formulations would result in greater growth in maize (Zea mays L.) than the liquid formulation. The twelve slow-release formulations were created by combining ANE and two organic compounds in differing ratios. These formulations were molded into small spheres, with one to three of these “capsules” positioned above the maize kernels at planting. After 10 weeks within a greenhouse (October-December 2018), shoot fresh/dry weight and root dry weight of all plants, as well as nutrient concentrations of shoots/roots from selected treatments were collected. Plant height was also collected halfway through and at the end of this 10-week period. Data from slow-release treatments was compared to controls of liquid ANE, no additives, and a 50/50 composite of the two organic compounds without ANE. Analysis of variance and mean separation tests revealed that certain formulations (i.e. formulation C) and lower application rates of the slow-release biofertilizer resulted in increases in shoot dry weight of up to 47% compared to the liquid seaweed extract control. The data also indicated that higher application rates and higher concentrations of the ANE resulted in decreases in shoot dry weight of up to 33% compared to the liquid seaweed extract control. Maize with the greatest dry weights had significantly lower nutrient concentrations when compared to maize with the lowest dry weights, suggesting that increasing physiological nitrogen use efficiency could have been the potential mode of action for enhancing growth
Pollinator activity and floral variation of Sable Island, Nova Scotia
Get PDF1 online resource (48 p.) : illustrations (chiefly colour)Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (p. 44-48).Pollinators provide an important service to ecosystems worldwide. This includes Sable Island, located in the North Atlantic Ocean ~160 km offshore Nova Scotia. Two plant communities on Sable Island, heath and marram grassland, were compared to determine pollinator foraging activity within each community. For sampling, large 100 × 200 m sites were set up with several smaller 5 × 5 m sampling plots within. Pollinator visits to flowers in a 30-minute time period were recorded, along with floral resources, so a comparison between communities could be made in both July and August. In marram, 39 and 19 unique pollinator taxa visited flowers in July and August, respectively, and in heath, 22 and 29 unique pollinator taxa visited flowers in July and August, respectively, with seven pollinator taxa found in both plant communities. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in average number of pollinator visits and pollinator diversity between the two communities in July, though in August heath had significantly more pollinator visits and diversity. Many pollinators found during the study included non-bee pollinators, making up 46% of visits in the heath and 79% of visits in the marram. Based on these results, I concluded that the non-bee pollinators are more important to Sable Island than once thought, and both plant communities contain diverse assemblages of pollinators
Plasticity and selection of male sexual traits across operational sex ratios in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes)
Get PDFvi, 76 leaves : illustrations ; 29 cmIncludes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 59-66).In many species, the mating advantage associated with sexually-selected traits may vary with operational sex ratio (OSR; the number of sexually active males to fertilizable females in a population), and this metric is often used as a proxy for the intensity of competition for mates. The goal of this research was to assess whether OSR influenced male mating behaviour and morphology of sexually-selected traits. I examined these effects both intra- and inter-generationally by housing Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) in four different OSRs ranging from female-biased to highly male-biased. I found that: (1) courtship behaviour decreased and aggression tended to increase with increasing OSR, and male body size was the best predictor of aggression; (2) there is plasticity in mating behaviour, particularly courtship; (3) within males, larger primary and secondary sexual
structures occurred in female-biased OSRs; and (4) overall levels of courtship and aggression were higher after one generation within OSRs
The origins and fate of archaeal intact polar lipids in hydrothermally altered sediments of Cathedral Hill, Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California
Get PDFxi, 145 leaves : illustrations (chiefly colour), maps ; 29 cmIncludes abstract and appendix.Includes bibliographical references.This study provides a survey of archaeal intact polar lipids (IPLs) and core lipids (CLs), focusing on archaeal lipids extracted from surface sediments within a push core transect that was collected at the Cathedral Hill hydrothermal vent complex in Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California. The main objectives of this study were to: 1) detect the subsurface microbial communities present, 2) determine the thermochemical stability of the lipids and, 3) evaluate if the thermochemical stability of these molecules influence lipid-based proxies used for the reconstruction of environmental change. In this study, a lipidome was detected providing evidence for the presence of archaeal communities that extend to sediment depths at ~145°C. These conditions are currently outside the known habitability of life. Evidence is provided that the archaeal communities adapt to the harsh conditions by modifying the core lipid structures of their cellular membranes. However, this adaptability appears to also impact the lipid-based proxies that are used to reconstruct present and past environmental conditions. These results suggest that an overprinting of original allochthonous signals is possible