Periodica Polytechnica (Budapest University of Technology and Economics)
Not a member yet
22160 research outputs found
Sort by
Investigation of Traffic Issues at Unsignalized Taxila Intersection and their Countermeasures
Get PDFTaxila intersection is facing severe traffic issues includingcongestion, delays, increased travel times and inadequate infrastructure. The aim of the study is to highlight the real problems at Taxila intersection related to road users, vehicles and road infrastructure. Traffic data was collected during peak hours through traffic observing video cameras at the unsignalized intersection. Subsequently, traffic violation measurements and their comparisons between morning and evening peak hours, as well as between weekend and week days were developed. The study also identifies the involvement in traffic violations by different drivers, age groups and vehicle types. Comparing morning and evening peak hours reveals variations in traffic patterns and congestion levels throughout the day, helping to create customized plans. Similarly, investigating disparities between weekends and weekdays uncovers unique factors influencing traffic conditions on different days. Results showed that highest percentage of violations at the intersection resulted from 'illegal crossing of road by pedestrian' followed by 'illegal parking' at the intersection. While the lowest percentage of violation observed was 'wrong way driving' at the intersection. In conclusion, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of the traffic issues at the Taxila intersection and offers evidence-based strategies to improve traffic flow, mitigate congestion, and enhance road safety in the area
Development of High-Speed Railway Network in Europe: A Case Study of Ukraine
Get PDFThe current task today is the development of theoretical and methodological approaches, as well as practical recommendations for determining the technical feasibility of creating high-speed railway (HSR) lines in the European context. The development of railways in individual countries, followed by the creation of a pan-European high-speed railway network, has raised questions about the compatibility of the technical systems of individual national HSRs. This paper addresses these issues using the example of Ukraine. The research is based on an analysis of scientific developments related to the design of HSR lines and the synthesis of European experience in identifying priority route directions in Ukraine. For comparing various scenarios for the development of railway connections, the authors have developed a forecasting and efficiency assessment model based on the Net Present Value (NPV) indicator. It has been demonstrated that considering the population attracted to HSR and the volume of transit passenger transportation alone is insufficient to achieve the normative investment payback. This situation can only be rectified by implementing mixed traffic involving high-speed passenger trains and accelerated freight trains. However, mixed traffic of passenger and freight trains on high-speed rail lines may face numerous issues and constraints that require careful planning and coordination
Age-friendly Transport: Traffic Safety for All
Get PDFThe elderly make up an increasing percentage of the European population and, with it, of the Hungarian population. Modern society is built around mobility. These two factors together lead to an increasing proportion of elderly drivers on the roads. Given the high proportion of people with chronic neurological conditions (stroke, Parkinson's disease, dementia), particular care should be taken to regularly check their fitness to drive. At present, there is no standardized, well-established protocol for the objective assessment of fitness to drive in the case of these diseases. Our paper discusses this matter
A Grid-based Framework for Managing Autonomous Vehicles' Movement at Intersections
Get PDFWith a full fleet of autonomous vehicles (AV) in the future, the concept of signal-free intersections has attracted transportation researchers. Multiple studies have investigated different methods and protocols to facilitate vehicle decision-making at intersections. Most of these methods have relied on strong centralized or inter-vehicle communications. This research aims to develop a new protocol for managing vehicle movement at four-leg intersections assuming a fully automated fleet. The main concept of the proposed protocol is to maintain a continuous movement of vehicles entering the intersection, without stopping in queues, by controlling their sequence of movements. In the methodology a dynamic occupancy grid (DOG) approach is applied by initially dividing the intersection into dynamic grids (i.e. cells). The cells are in a virtual movement, emanating away from each lane-group without overlapping, like a gear machine. Each vehicle sits on a specific cell to traverse the intersection safely at a predetermined time. In other words, vehicles approaching an intersection must register their speed and position by certain sensors, and in return receive the appropriate acceleration and speed to finally be allocated to the suitable moving grids. The efficiency of the applied protocol was demonstrated by a practical example that presented a higher intersection capacity value exceeding the ideal saturation flow rate in some cases. This reflects the efficiency of the implemented protocol and its applicability to different low to high traffic flows. Moreover, the protocol shows more flexibility in dealing with different weather, geometric and traffic conditions
Investigating the Impact of Information Distortions on the Resilience of Land-sea Transport Chains Under Business-environment Instability Conditions
Get PDFPossessing reliable information is the basis for making accurate decisions when planning land-sea transport chains. Modern transport chains create increasingly complicated networks, which affect the decisions made when planning these chains. It should be noted, however, that information distortions may arise at individual stages of the transport process within complex transport chains. The article aims to examine the sources of hazards and risks occurring in land-sea transport chains, to determine the information distortion indicators that may be processed by transport and logistics industry enterprises under conditions of business environment instability, as well as to determine the levels of these chains' resilience to possible information distortions. The article presents the selected types of managerial decision errors. An approach to assessing the impact of distorted information on the decision-making process has been proposed. Information distortion indicators processed by transport and logistics industry enterprises in conditions of business-environment instability were also identified. An attempt was made to determine the possible levels of resilience of these chains to the symptoms of business-environment instability. It was found that, depending on the degree of distortion of the information used by the manager, their decision may be erroneous to a varying degree, while the degree of managerial decisions' incorrectness can be assessed by the number of decision-making cycles required to make and implement an effective decision
Hydrogen Embrittlement of Advanced High-strength Steel S960MC Used in Transport and Vehicle Industry and the Influence of Potassium Thiocyanate during Hydrogenation
Get PDFAdvanced high-strength steels (AHSS) are currently facing a serious challenge from hydrogen embrittlement, which significantly affects their mechanical properties. Problems arise when hydrogen diffuses into the material and accumulates at grain boundaries, inclusions, or microcracks, degrading the material's characteristics. The main objective of the study is to investigate the effects of adding potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) to the sulfuric acid base solution during electrolytic hydrogenation using microalloyed martensitic AHSS grade S960MC. An increase in hydrogen diffusion into the examined material across its full surface is produced by adding thiocyanate ions to the electrolyte. This is the rationale behind the decision to add KSCN to the sulfuric acid base solution. The addition of KSCN to the base environment induced a considerable reduction in fracture strain, and the degradation was attributed to hydrogen buildup at grain boundaries, impurities and microcracks. These steels have an extensive list of applications in the automotive industry and are frequently used in the form of sheets for welding. Therefore, it is important to understand how their mechanical characteristics and behaviour vary in various circumstances, including hydrogen-rich environments
Unveiling the Dutch Disease Indexes: Principal Component Analysis in a Small Oil-rich Country
Get PDFThe Dutch disease (DD) theory is a popular approach when analyzing the economies of resource-rich countries. However, despite the extensive examination of both the original DD theory and its variations in numerous country cases, the findings remain contradictory and inconclusive, primarily due to the challenges associated with measuring DD. Building upon the notable case study of the Azerbaijani economy, this paper introduces a novel way to utilise principal component analysis (PCA) in index development, which incorporates the modelling framework of the original theory and provides a profound understanding of DD measurement. The findings of the study reveal that the fundamental variables associated with DD in the Azerbaijani economy can be effectively condensed into a small number of principal components (PCs). In addition, this research introduces not only a total Dutch disease index (TDDI), but also a resource movement index (RMI) and a spending index (SI), with the last of these demonstrating a more pronounced impact in Azerbaijan. The estimated indexes exhibit a significant and negative correlation with the manufacturing sector’s share in the industry, pointing to the presence of the crowding-out mechanism of DD. Moreover, a strong positive correlation is observed with key growth indicators such as gross domestic product (GDP) and gross capital formation, underscoring the exceptional role of the oil boom in the Azerbaijani economy. These findings justify the contention that DD is present in the Azerbaijani economy. The paper also provides a composite index that can be utilised by both policymakers and scholars for measuring DD
Secondary Consumer Socialisation on the Internet: Intergenerational Learning
Get PDFThe paper aims to map the learning pathways that exist across generations. Its primary purpose is to describe to what extent different forms of learning influence the acquisition of the abilities and skills required for Internet use in Hungary and whether consumer segments can be distinguished based on the related results. A survey involving 509 Hungarian adults was conducted to analyse Internet use and related learning forms, focusing on various demographic factors and intergenerational effects.Our findings reveal the identification of four distinct segments. These encompass formal, non-formal, informal, and hybrid learning styles, exhibiting discernible variations in demographic and learning characteristics. Younger age groups predominantly rely on formal learning, such as school education, to acquire Internet skills. In contrast, older age groups tend to learn through informal channels. Additionally, our results point out that they primarily learn from younger individuals.Our study contributes to the understanding of secondary consumer socialisation in the context of Internet use, providing valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers, and educators that can be used to develop effective strategies that promote digital inclusion and bridge the gap between generations in the digital era
The out-of-commerce works system: A promise to unlock our heritage digitally
No full textA system that simplifies rights clearance now makes it possible for cultural heritage institutions in the European Union to digitise materials in their collections and legally make them available online, as long as they are not in commercial circulation. The so-called out-of-commerce works provisions, brought forward by the 2019 Copyright in the Digital Single Market Directive, builds upon previous attempts to close the “twentieth century blackwhole” and offers a promising solution.A system that simplifies rights clearance now makes it possible for cultural heritage institutions in the European Union to digitise materials in their collections and legally make them available online, as long as they are not in commercial circulation. The so-called out-of-commerce works provisions, brought forward by the 2019 Copyright in the Digital Single Market Directive, builds upon previous attempts to close the “twentieth century blackwhole” and offers a promising solution
Sustainability pillars in the strategic plans of European Union national libraries
No full textThis study aims to investigate the integration of sustainability principles into the strategic plans of national libraries within the European Union (EU-27). Content analysis was conducted on 22 strategic plans of national libraries to identify chapters, sections, or objectives explicitly mentioning sustainability, as well as keywords related to the four pillars of sustainability: environmental, economic, social and cultural. The analysis revealed varying degrees of emphasis on sustainability across the national libraries. The findings provide valuable guidance for national libraries seeking to strengthen their commitment to sustainable development and align their operations with global sustainability goals.This study aims to investigate the integration of sustainability principles into the strategic plans of national libraries within the European Union (EU-27). Content analysis was conducted on 22 strategic plans of national libraries to identify chapters, sections, or objectives explicitly mentioning sustainability, as well as keywords related to the four pillars of sustainability: environmental, economic, social and cultural. The analysis revealed varying degrees of emphasis on sustainability across the national libraries. The findings provide valuable guidance for national libraries seeking to strengthen their commitment to sustainable development and align their operations with global sustainability goals