18624 research outputs found
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The effectiveness of chronic disease management planning on self-management among patients with diabetes at general practice settings in Australia: a scoping review
Get PDFBackground: Medicare provides significant funding to improve, encourage and coordinate better practices in primary care. Medicare-rebated Chronic Disease Management (CDM) plans are a structured approach to managing chronic diseases in Australia. These chronic disease care plans are intended to be a vehicle to deliver guideline-based / evidence-based care. However, recommended care is not always provided, and health outcomes are often not achieved. This scoping review aimed to identify the specific components of CDM plans that are most effective in promoting self-management, as well as the factors that may hinder or facilitate the implementation of these plans in general practice settings in Australia. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted using multiple electronic databases, considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts of the identified studies via Covidence, and the full texts of eligible studies were reviewed for inclusion. A data extraction template was developed based on the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care Group (EPOC) to classify the intervention methods and study outcomes. A narrative synthesis approach was used to summarize the findings of the included studies. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results: Seventeen articles were included in the review for analysis and highlighted the effectiveness of CDM plans on improving patient self-management. The findings demonstrated that the implementation of CDM plans can have a positive impact on patient self-management. However, the current approach is geared towards providing care to patients, but there are limited opportunities for patients to engage in their care actively. Furthermore, the focus is often on achieving the outcomes outlined in the CDM plans, which may not necessarily align with the patient’s needs and preferences. The findings highlighted the significance of mutual obligations and responsibilities of team care for patients and healthcare professionals, interprofessional collaborative practice in primary care settings, and regular CDM plan reviews. Conclusion: Self-management support remains more aligned with a patient-centred collaboration approach and shared decision-making and is yet to be common practice. Identifying influential factors at different levels of patients, healthcare professionals, and services affecting patients’ self-management via CDM plans can be crucial to developing the plans. © Crown 2024
Development of three phase high power smart meter for energy management monitoring system in UniKL MSI
No full textEnergy efficiency is defined as using energy in the most efficient way to provide the same service that could have been provided less efficiently. Low energy efficiency will increase greenhouse gas emissions, demand for energy import, and high costs for electrical bills and economy-wide levels. This paper discusses the development of a 3-phase high-power smart energy meter using the Internet of Things (IoT). This meter was designed using a NodeMCU ESP8266 as the main controller device. Three PZEM-004T modules and Split Coil Current Transformer (CT) were the main sensors used in this project. The NodeMCU with the built-in Wi-Fi module allows this system to communicate wirelessly with the cloud server and mobile application. The accuracy of power data measurements proposed by the Smart Energy Monitoring System (SEMS) was tested by experimenting in a laboratory. The result shows all the data measurements of power usage proposed by SEMS had less than 10% error compared with the Power Analyzer. This demonstrated that SEMS had high accuracy and was equivalent to existing measurement devices on the market. © 2024 IEEE
Global, regional, and national burden of injuries, and burden attributable to injuries risk factors, 1990 to 2019 : results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
No full textObjectives: In this study, the trends and current situation of the injury burden as well as attributable burden to injury risk factors at global, regional, and national levels based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 are presented. Study design: To assess the attributable burden of injury risk factors, the data of interest on data sources were retrieved from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) and analyzed. Methods: Cause-specific death from injuries was estimated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model in the GBD 2019. The burden attributable to each injury risk factor was incorporated in the population attributable fraction to estimate the total attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life years. The Socio-demographic Index (SDI) was used to evaluate countries’ developmental status. Results: Globally, there were 713.9 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 663.8 to 766.9) injuries incidence and 4.3 million (UI: 3.9 to 4.6) deaths caused by injuries in 2019. There was an inverse relationship between age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rate and SDI quintiles in 2019. Overall, low bone mineral density was the leading risk factor of injury deaths in 2019, with a contribution of 10.5% (UI: 9.0 to 11.6) of total injuries and age-standardized deaths, followed by occupational risks (7.0% [UI: 6.3–7.9]) and alcohol use (6.8% [UI: 5.2 to 8.5]). Conclusion: Various risks were responsible for the imposed burden of injuries. This study highlighted the small but persistent share of injuries in the global burden of diseases and injuries to provide beneficial data to produce proper policies to reach an effective global injury prevention plan. © 2024 Please note that there are multiple authors for this article therefore only the name of the first 30 including Federation University Australia affiliate “Muhammad Aziz Rahman" is provided in this record*
Re-examining the predictive validity and establishing risk levels for the dynamic appraisal of situational aggression : youth version
Get PDFThe Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression: Youth Version (DASA:YV) is a brief instrument, most often used by nurses and was specifically designed to assess risk of imminent violence in youth settings. To date, it has been recommended that DASA:YV scores are interpreted in a linear manner, with high scores indicating a greater level of risk and therefore need more assertive and immediate intervention. This study re-analyses an existing data set using contemporary robust data analytic procedures to examine the predictive validity of the DASA:YV, and to determine appropriate risk bands. Mixed effect logistic regression models were used to determine whether the DASA:YV predicted aggression when the observations are correlated. Two approaches were employed to identify and test novel DASA:YV risk bands, where (1) three risk bands as previously generated for the adult DASA were used as a starting point to consider recategorising the DASA:YV into three risk bands, and (2) using a decision tree analysis method known as Chi-square automated interaction detection to produce risk bands. There was no statistically significant difference between a four and three category of risk band. AUC values were 0.85 for the four- and three-category options. A three-category approach is recommended for the DASA:YV. The new risk bands may assist nursing staff by providing more accurate categorisation of risk state. Identification of escalation in risk state may prompt early intervention, which may also prevent reliance on the use of restrictive practices when young people are at risk of acting aggressively. © 2024 The Author(s). International Journal of Mental Health Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd
BSDR : a data-efficient deep learning-based hyperspectral band selection algorithm using discrete relaxation
No full textHyperspectral band selection algorithms are crucial for processing high-dimensional data, which enables dimensionality reduction, improves data analysis, and enhances computational efficiency. Among these, attention-based algorithms have gained prominence by ranking bands based on their discriminative capability. However, they require a large number of model parameters, which increases the need for extensive training data. To address this challenge, we propose Band Selection through Discrete Relaxation (BSDR), a novel deep learning-based algorithm. BSDR reduces the number of learnable parameters by focusing solely on the target bands, which are typically far fewer than the original bands, thus resulting in a data-efficient configuration that minimizes training data requirements and reduces training time. The algorithm employs discrete relaxation, transforming the discrete problem of band selection into a continuous optimization task, which enables gradient-based search across the spectral dimension. Through extensive evaluations on three benchmark datasets with varying spectral dimensions and characteristics, BSDR demonstrates superior performance for both regression and classification tasks, achieving up to 25% and 34.6% improvements in overall accuracy, compared to the latest attention-based and traditional algorithms, respectively, while reducing execution time by 96.8% and 97.18%. These findings highlight BSDR’s effectiveness in addressing key challenges in hyperspectral band selection. © 2024 by the authors
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/gender diverse, queer, and intersex+ inclusion in Asia-Pacific social work education: a scoping review
No full textThe purpose of this scoping literature review was to examine the available evidence on the discussion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/gender diverse, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI+) populations in published journal articles on social work education in the Asia-Pacific region. Using a modified PRISMA framework, the research team searched 33 English-language Q1 and Q2 journals (with an impact factor ranging from 0.5 to 2.8) in social work. The initial search yielded 4,468 results related to LGBTQI+ inclusion. Once full-text articles were reviewed, 15 relevant articles remained. Most articles were from Australia and Aotearoa/New Zealand and several were empirical papers. The chief finding was that the literature focused on preparing students with appropriate affirmative and strengths focused language for effectively intervening with LGBTQI+ communities. We found gaps in LGBTQI+ inclusive education in the literature, particularly in developing regions of the Asia-Pacific. Future research in social work education in the Asia-Pacific should explore opportunities for enhancing LGBTQI+ inclusion within the region. © 2023 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
The Routledge international handbook of social work and disaster practice
No full textThis handbook addresses the diversity and complexity of social work practice in the context of disasters. Drawing on international perspectives, with the inclusion of case studies, this handbook provides a resource for students, practitioners, educators, and researchers seeking to prepare the social work profession for contemporary challenges associated with disasters. Divided into five parts, it explores the following subject areas: 1. Conceptual aspects concerning social work’s relationship with disasters 2. Social work’s role in preventing and preparing for disasters, and response and recovery 3. Social work practice with specific populations 4. Social work education and training in disasters 5. Implications for social work organisations and policy Leading ideas, debates, and approaches from international authors will provide Global North and South perspectives. A critical examination of research and theories for practice, including concepts of human vulnerability and community resilience, will provide the foundation for detailing the practical contributions that social workers can make at the micro, meso, and macro levels of practice. Social work’s underpinning value base of social justice and human rights will also be explored in the context of the complex and dynamic nature of socio-cultural, political, and economic dimensions pertaining to disasters. It will therefore be of interest to all social work students, academics, and professionals as well as those working in allied disciplines, policy, and emergency management roles. © 2025 selection and editorial matter, Carole Adamson, Margaret Alston, Bindi Bennett, Jennifer Boddy, Heather Boetto, Louise Harms, and Raewyn Tudor
