2270 research outputs found
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Intimate Partner Violence and Its Connection to Alcohol Use in College Students
No full textIntimate Partner Violence (IPV) among college students represents a critical societal issue, influenced by the unique pressures and social dynamics of collegiate life. My research project will explore the connection between alcohol consumption and IPV while applying a criminological and sociological lens to identify patterns, underlying causes, and potential intervention strategies. The study aims to contribute to the growing body of literature on IPV while addressing a well-defined problem within the fields of criminal justice and sociology. By using a mixed-methods approach, I have developed a survey to gather both quantitative and qualitative data from college students here at ONU. Analytical and critical thinking were central to the project’s design to ensure the exploration of the interplay between alcohol use and IPV. By identifying correlations between binge drinking, victimization, and perpetration of IPV, this study will evaluate competing perspectives on alcohol as both a risk factor and a coping mechanism for college students. I will be using sociological and criminological theories to execute the project effectively, by incorporating ethical standards and professional norms. This research also demonstrates professional habits that are essential for emerging leaders in the field. The findings inform practical recommendations, such as enhanced alcohol education programs, targeted IPV prevention initiatives, and improved accessibility to resources for affected students. These solutions are designed to uphold the professional standards of sociological and criminological practice while addressing a pressing societal issue. This project reflects the critical habits of self-assessment and lifelong learning required of emerging leaders in their communities. The continuous self-reflection throughout the research process can ensure the project’s relevance and rigor in connection to my interests in the field. By connecting theoretical knowledge and real-world application in criminal justice and sociology, this study will contribute to the broader efforts to reduce IPV incidents and promote healthier collegiate environments not only at ONU but other campuses nation-wide. To conclude, the research will underscore the importance of intellectual competency, professional integrity, and community engagement in addressing complex social issues to meet all of the requirements for the honors portion of my senior thesis
Language Accessibility for LEP Patients in Ohio Community Pharmacies
No full textLanguage Accessibility for LEP Patients in Ohio Community Pharmacies
Cadence Carpenter, Dr. Karen L. Kier
Abstract: Limited English Proficiency (LEP) patients can experience difficulties when communicating with healthcare professionals including pharmacists and pharmacy technicians within community pharmacies. This presents a struggle when trying to convey medication information. With the influx of immigrant and LEP populations, this study will assess how well equipped pharmacists are to help these patients. Methods include interviews conducted with community pharmacists and thematic analysis to determine themes for survey development. After interviewing pharmacists, a one-time electronic survey via Qualtrics will be developed and distributed to Ohio community pharmacists. Results are in progress with interviews scheduled in March of 2025. Based on previous research, pharmacists indicate a lack of confidence and training for LEP patients. This data will be used to propose further research in the field from the patient point of view and advocate for pharmacy policies at the state level.
Keywords:
Limited English Proficiency
Community
Pharmacy
English as a Second Language
Communication
Pharmacists
Immigrants
Accessibilit
Title: Student Perceptions and the Need for Life Cycle Assessment in Engineering Education
No full textA module on engineering life cycle assessment (LCA) was developed and tested in a first-year engineering course at Ohio Northern University to teach students about sustainability and its application in engineering practices. Currently, there are gaps in engineering education, particularly in quantifying and justifying design decisions related to resource use and environmental impact. To explore these gaps, a comprehensive literature review was conducted on LCA in both engineering and science education worldwide. The analysis of more than sixty programs revealed the importance of incorporating the triple bottom line (people, planet, and profit) into the thinking when making design decisions. To improve engineering education at ONU, a module was created for integration into first-year engineering courses. The module relates the triple bottom line with LCA as a quantifiable metric in evaluating aspects of the sustainability of projects and associated prototypes. Included in the module are real world examples of LCAs used as a metric to an aspect of the triple bottom line. An anonymous survey was administered to assess students’ perceptions on sustainability and LCA pre- and post-module. Overall, survey results showed students’ knowledge of engineering’s quantifiable environmental impacts improved after module implementation. Future work includes further integration of LCA within the triple bottom line module, further assessment of student outcomes, and feedback after module implementation
Investigating the Use of Generative AI in Pharmacy Education
No full textOver the past two years, the rapid emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and generative AI tools has reshaped various industries, yet their impact on academia remains uncertain. While these technologies hold great promise, their rapid advancement has outpaced our ability to integrate them effectively into education. Students and faculty alike are grappling with AI’s role in learning, and best practices for its use in higher education are still evolving. In pharmacy education, research on AI’s application in training future pharmacists is limited. To address this gap, our study examines the perceptions of PharmD students and faculty regarding AI and generative AI in particular. We hypothesize that student and faculty insights will offer valuable perspectives and best practices for integrating AI into pharmacy education, helping to shape its future role in the field. Surveys of students and faculty will be utilized to gather qualitative data. The data collected will identify the current outlook on AI of students and faculty in pharmacy. Preliminary results will be available in Spring of 2025.
Key Words: Artificial Intelligence, Generative AI, Pharmacy, Education, PharmD, Students, Facult
Analysis of methanesulfinic acid by GC
No full textMethanesulfinic acid (MSI) is a key component of the marine sulfur cycle, and represents an intermediate step in mineralization of methylated sulfur. Due to its relative instability toward oxidation and methodological issues pertaining to salinity, however, MSI has not been measured directly in seawater. This project aimed to adapt a colorimetric method to gas chromatography (GC), potentially increasing throughput and reducing limits of detection. Derivatization with a diazonium reagent allowed for extraction of MSI into organic solvent and subsequent GC analysis. The method was then applied to samples from the Sargasso Sea and the Gulf of Maine. These results represent the first measurement of MSI in seawater and provide a new understanding of sulfur cycling in the oceans
The Effects of Vaccine Education on Those with Cardiovascular Disease
No full textProblem: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Individuals with CVD are at increased risk for complications from respiratory infections such as influenza and pneumonia. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccines have been shown to reduce the incidence of these infections and associated hospitalizations in CVD patients. However, vaccine compliance remains suboptimal.
Aim: This study aims to evaluate whether implementing mandatory discharge teaching on receiving the influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in patients newly diagnosed with CVD increases vaccine compliance compared to those who do not receive educational interventions.
Methods: A prospective cohort study will be conducted involving patients with a new diagnosis of CVD. Patients will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group, where mandatory discharge teaching on the importance and benefits of receiving the influenza and pneumococcal vaccines will be provided, or the control group, where no specific discharge education will be given regarding vaccination. The primary outcome is vaccine compliance, measured by documented receipt of both vaccines within three months of hospital discharge.
Conclusion: It is anticipated that patients receiving discharge education on the vaccines will show a higher rate of vaccine compliance compared to those who do not receive such education. If the intervention group shows significantly higher vaccine compliance, this would suggest that mandatory discharge teaching on influenza and pneumococcal vaccination could be a viable strategy to improve preventive care in patients with newly diagnosed CVD. As a result, potentially reducing their risk of serious respiratory infections and related complications, including mortality
Implementing Target Stroke Initiative
No full textAbstract
Problem: The Target Stroke initiative is a quality improvement program developed by the American Heart Association aimed to improve the timely treatment of patients with suspected acute ischemic stroke by reducing door-to-needle times (DNT) for intravenous thrombolysis. The impact of this initiative on mortality and functional outcomes continues to be an important area of study to reduce DTN times and improve patient outcomes.
Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine if the initiative is associated with a reduction in DTN times, as well as improvement of functional outcomes of patients and reduction of mortality rates in suspected ischemic stroke patients.
Methods: This study will be a retrospective review of medical records for suspected acute ischemic stroke patients admitted to the emergency department. Patients will be categorized into two groups: those treated under the Target Stroke initiative and those treated before the implementation of the initiative. Data will be collected on DTN times, discharge functional outcomes (measured using the modified Rankin Scale), and mortality rates.
Conclusion: It is recommended that healthcare systems use the Target Stroke initiative to reduce DTN times. By reducing DTN times, this will help reduce mortality rates and improve functional outcomes in patients experiencing susceptible acute ischemic strokes
Effects of Oral Care on the Rate of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia
No full textProblem: Mechanically ventilated patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) have an increased risk of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP). VAP is the leading cause of mortality in ventilated patients. It increases healthcare costs by thousands of dollars and increases a patient\u27s length of stay in the hospital by at least a few days.
Purpose: The purpose of this project is to identify if performing proper oral care on mechanically ventilated patients in the hospital will decrease the rate of VAP.
Methods: A pre-intervention and post-intervention with a retrospective chart review design will be conducted on a 16 bed Intensive Care Unit. VAP rates will be recorded for 6 months prior to and 6 months following implementation of a strict oral care protocol. Strict oral care protocol will include brushing the patient’s teeth, rinsing their mouth with mouthwash, and suctioning any secretions. VAP rates for 6 months, adherence to the new protocol, and nurse perceptions of the new protocol will be measured post-implementation.
Conclusion: Oral care decreases the rate of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients and it can be easily implemented in all ICUs. Oral care not only decreases the prevalence of VAP, but also decreases healthcare costs, morbidity and mortality rates in patients, and length of stay
Using De-escalation Techniques to Combat Workplace Violence
No full textAbstract
Problem: Workplace violence is on the rise in healthcare systems across the world. Studies have found that nurses don\u27t feel they can do their jobs effectively because of worries of potential harm to them and their patients. There has been evidence that there are not effective methods to help healthcare workers remain safe and to know how to properly handle these violent situations.
Aim: The purpose of this project is to determine if de-escalation training increases nurses\u27 feelings of preparation for violent situations and decreases incidences of workplace violence.
Methods: This project will be a pre/post test study. Hospital nurses\u27 perceptions regarding preparedness and instances of workplace violence will be measured prior to and 6-months following de-escalation training.
Conclusion: It is expected that nurses will feel more prepared for aggressive situations in the workplace and be more able to de-escalate them to prevent workplace violence incidents. It is recommended that all healthcare staff receive de-escalation training in order to feel more prepared and be able to intervene in aggressive and violent situations
The Effect of Different Therapeutic Interventions on Pediatric Quality of Life (PQOL) for Pediatric Patients
No full textAbstract
Problem: Pediatric patients with chronic and terminal health conditions frequently experience a diminished quality of life, which significantly impacts their emotional, social, and physical well-being. As these patients navigate the challenges of their conditions, they often face increased anxiety, difficulty coping, and a hard time communicating their needs. Traditional medical treatments focus on treating their physical needs, there is a growing need to explore interventions that address the emotional and psychological needs of these children.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions, including art therapy, play therapy, and music therapy, on improving the quality of life of pediatric patients with chronic and terminal health conditions. Specifically to examine how these interventions can reduce anxiety, enhance emotional well-being, and promote effective coping mechanisms.
Methods: This is a quantitative study using a randomized controlled trial design to compare the effects of play therapy, art therapy, and music therapy. These outcomes will be measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) scale. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of four groups: play therapy, art therapy, music therapy, or a control group receiving standard medical care with no therapeutic intervention. The study will follow participants over a 6-month period, with evaluations conducted at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months.
Conclusion: It is expected that these therapeutic interventions will lead to significant improvements, particularly in emotional well-being and coping mechanisms. By comparing these therapies with a control group receiving standard medical care, the study will contribute to a better understanding of how these interventions can reduce anxiety, enhance emotional well-being. The results of this study may support the clinical practice of incorporating therapeutic approaches beyond traditional medical treatments