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From heresy to liberty The political trajectory of Unitarian theology and its contemporary relevance
Full text linkThis study analyzes the political trajectory of Unitarian theology from heresy to liberty and its contemporary relevance. Employing a qualitative descriptive analysis method, the findings reveal: The Origin and Development of Unitarianism, tracing its roots from early anti-Trinitarian thought (such as Arianism) to its crystallization during the Reformation through figures like Michael Servetus, and its evolution into a liberal movement in America. The Theological and Political Conflict with Trinitarianism is multidimensional; the rejection of the Trinity was perceived as a challenge to both ecclesiastical and state authority, inciting persecution and influencing political stability. Religious Freedom in the Modern Era demonstrates a paradigm shift: from a persecuted minority, Unitarianism became an architect of religious freedom thought and the separation of church and state, particularly within the Enlightenment and American constitutional contexts. The Socio-Political Implications of its doctrine are significant, fostering democracy, pluralism, social justice, and rational education. The response of the Orthodox or Catholic Church consistently rejects Unitarianism as a modern form of Arianism that threatens orthodoxy and social order. The study concludes that Unitarianism’s journey is not merely a theological evolution but a dynamic reflection of the dialectic among religious belief, political power, and civil liberty in Western history, while also offering a critical lens for understanding challenges to religious freedom in states with institutionalized theological orthodoxy
Analisis Pengaruh Harga Dan Brand Ambassador Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Jersey Merek Gewo Di Bogor Timur
Full text linkStudi ini disusun untuk mengidentifikasi bagaimana dua aspek utama struktur penetapan harga dan keberadaan brand ambassador mempengaruhi perilaku konsumen dalam memilih jersey merek Gewo di kawasan Bogor Timur. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan harga (X1) dan brand ambassador (X2) ditempatkan sebagai variabel independen, sementara keputusan pembelian (Y) dijadikan variabel dependen. Data penelitian dihimpun melalui penyebaran angket kepada konsumen serta wawancara mendalam sebagai pelengkap informasi. Kerangka teori merujuk pada prinsip-prinsip pemasaran kontemporer yang dijelaskan oleh Kotler dan Armstrong. Untuk menganalisis hubungan antar variabel, penelitian memanfaatkan teknik regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa faktor harga memberikan pengaruh nyata dalam meningkatkan kecenderungan konsumen untuk membeli jersey Gewo. Selain itu, peran brand ambassador turut terbukti relevan karena mampu membentuk persepsi positif yang mendorong keputusan pembelian. Ketika kedua variabel tersebut diuji secara simultan, ditemukan bahwa keduanya bersama-sama menghasilkan efek positif yang kuat terhadap keputusan pembelian. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pemasar perlu merancang strategi yang selaras antara kebijakan harga dan penggunaan figur publik agar dapat mengoptimalkan daya tarik produk serta memperkuat posisi Gewo di pasar lokal.
Kata Kunci: Harga; Brand Ambassador; Keputusan Pembelian; Gewo
This study was conducted to identify how two key aspects of pricing structure and the presence of a brand ambassador influence consumer behavior in choosing Gewo brand jerseys in the East Bogor area. The study used a quantitative approach, with price (X1) and brand ambassador (X2) placed as independent variables, while purchasing decisions (Y) served as the dependent variable. Research data were collected through distributing questionnaires to consumers and in-depth interviews as supplementary information. The theoretical framework refers to contemporary marketing principles explained by Kotler and Armstrong. To analyze the relationship between variables, the study used multiple linear regression techniques. The results of the analysis indicate that the price factor has a significant influence in increasing consumer tendency to purchase Gewo jerseys. In addition, the role of the brand ambassador also proved relevant because it is able to form positive perceptions that drive purchasing decisions. When both variables were tested simultaneously, it was found that both together produced a strong positive effect on purchasing decisions. This finding confirms the need for marketers to design strategies that align pricing policies and the use of public figures to optimize product appeal and strengthen Gewo’s position in the local market.
Keywords: Price; Brand Ambassador; Purchasing Decision; Gew
The Relationship Between Mothers’ Frequency of Visits to the Posyandu and the Nutritional Status of Toddlers in Jemah Village, West Java, Indonesia
Full text linkIntroduction: Nutrition is a key determinant of human health and development, especially in the toddler period, when inadequate intake can quickly lead to growth and health problems. Objective: To determine the relationship between the frequency of maternal visits to integrated health posts (Posyandu) and the nutritional status of toddlers in Jemah Village, Jati Gede District, Sumedang Regency. Method: This descriptive analytic study used a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through observation with an accidental sampling technique from 50 mothers and toddlers registered at Posyandu Mawar I–IV in Jemah Village. Result and Discussion: Most mothers were 26–35 years old, had a high school education, and were housewives. Most toddlers had good nutritional status, and 82% of respondents routinely visited the integrated health posts. Statistical analysis showed a significant positive relationship between visit frequency and toddler nutritional status (p = 0.001), indicating a very strong correlation. Conclusions: Routine maternal visits to integrated health posts are strongly associated with better nutritional status among toddlers in Jemah Village
Unmasking the Unexpected: A Case of Acute Pulmonary Edema in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Full text linkAcute heart failure, particularly acute pulmonary edema, is a common cause of hospitalization and
impacts life expectancy, especially with age. The mortality rate among patients in Southeast Asia is
13%. The severity of the condition is classified based on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Only 21.5% of patients with acute pulmonary edema have preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).
This case involves a 63-year-old male patient with acute pulmonary edema due to heart failure with
preserved ejection fraction, secondary to acute hypertension and community-acquired pneumonia.
Initial management followed guidelines, including symptomatic therapy and observation in the
intensive care unit. After three days of treatment, the patient's condition stabilized, with improved
hemodynamics and alleviation of symptoms. We want to highlight an uncommon case of HFpEF in
a patient presenting with acute pulmonary edema.
Keywords: Acute heart failure; acute lung edema; heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
PERLINDUNGAN HAK KONSUMEN DALAM LAYANAN TELEMEDICINE : ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI DAN EFEKTIFITAS PERATURAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA
Full text linkPerlindungan konsumen dalam layanan telemedicine di Indonesia menjadi isu yang semakin krusial mengingat pesatnya perkembangan teknologi dalam bidang kesehatan digital. Telemedicine menawarkan kemudahan akses layanan kesehatan, namun di sisi lain juga menyimpan risiko yang signifikan terkait dengan privasi data, hak-hak konsumen yang tidak jelasserta tantangan dalam interaksi antara pasien dan penyedia layanan kesehatan. Layanan telemedicine seringkali dihadapkan pada masalah yang terkait dengan kebijakan dan regulasi yang belum sepenuhnya mampu menjamin perlindungan yang memadai bagi konsumen.
Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah evaluasi kebijakan, dengan pendekatan analisis terhadap regulasi yang ada dan wawancara dengan para ahli hukum di bidang perlindungan konsumen. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga membandingkan regulasi telemedicine di Indonesia dengan negara-negara lain untuk melihat bagaimana pendekatan yang diterapkan di luar negeri dapat memberikan perspektif baru dalam perbaikan perlindungan konsumen di Indonesia. Penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa meskipun sejumlah regulasi telah diundangkan, implementasinya sering kali tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku. Keterbatasan dalam pengawasan terhadap praktik telemedicine dan kesenjangan antara regulasi dengan pelaksanaannya di lapangan mengakibatkan pelanggaran hak konsumen, terutama terkait dengan aspek keamanan data dan mekanisme pengaduan yang tidak memadai.
Temuan-temuan utama dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masih terdapat banyak tantangan dalam memastikan perlindungan konsumen yang efektif dalam layanan telemedicine. Salah satu masalah utama adalah kurangnya transparansi dalam proses pengaduan, serta ketidakmampuan regulasi untuk mengatur secara rinci hak-hak konsumen terkait dengan penggunaan platform telemedicine. Sebagai rekomendasi, penelitian ini mengusulkan beberapa langkah untuk meningkatkan perlindungan konsumen dalam layanan telemedicine. Pertama, perlu adanya peningkatan literasi konsumen terkait hak-hak mereka, terutama terkait privasi data dan penggunaan platform telemedicine. Kedua, penguatan regulasi yang lebih tegas dan rinci mengenai hak konsumen dan kewajiban penyedia layanan kesehatan digital. Terakhir, dibutuhkan mekanisme pengawasan yang lebih ketat dan terstruktur untuk memastikan implementasi regulasi berjalan efektif.
Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Konsumen, Telemedicine, Peraturan Hukum di Indonesi
Morphology Profile and PD-L1 Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients
Full text linkLung cancer cases in Indonesia became the second highest with the highest mortality rate in 2022. Various advanced examinations such as histopathology and immunohistochemistry are performed to identify the morphological types of lung cancer. Histopathologically, lung cancer classified into two types are Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC). After histopathological examination, further immunohistochemical testing is required to help classify the subtype and identify therapeutic markers. One of the markers is the expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1). Patients with this marker can receive anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy according to the specified criteria. This study determined the morphological profile and PD-L1 expression in patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) at Siloam MRCCC Semanggi Hospital between 2020 and 2022. The method used was descriptive with a retrospective approach by collecting data from the archives of the Anatomical Pathology Laboratory at Siloam MRCCC Semanggi Hospital. The population in this study comprised all patients diagnosed with NSCLC who underwent PD-L1 IHC testing at Siloam MRCCC Semanggi Hospital between 2020 and 2022. Data collection was conducted using a total sampling method, including all individuals who met the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final sample consisted of 91 patients diagnosed with NSCLC who had undergone PD-L1 IHC examination during the 2020–2022 period. A total of 91 patients including the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the data and analyzed. The analysis revealed that the age group 60-69 years accounted for 39.5% of cases, 54.9% of cases were male, 73.6% of cases had an adenocarcinoma morphology, and 54.9% of cases had a negative PD-L1. The incidence of NSCLC patients who underwent PD-L1 IHK examination based on age was dominated by the 60-69 year age group, and most of them were male with the most common diagnosis being adenocarcinoma morphology type and PD-L1 expression with negative values
Overview of Risk Factors for Pneumonia Incidence in Acute Stroke Patients
Full text linkBackground: Stroke is a cerebrovascular emergency with neurological deficits due to cerebral hemorrhage or impaired blood flow to the brain, ranking second as a cause of global death and leading disability. Stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is a common complication in the first 7 days after stroke, affecting recovery, mortality, and treatment costs.
Purpose of the Study: To identify which risk factors have the highest prevalence in the incidence of pneumonia in stroke patients so that preventive measures can be taken as early as possible.
Research Methods: A retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from medical records of 31 patients at Chasbullah Abdulmadjid Hospital in the 2023 period. The variables evaluated included demographics (age, gender), type of stroke, GCS, dysphagia, use of NGT, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension.
Results of the Study: The main risk factors for pneumonia in stroke patients at Chasbullah Abdulmadjid Hospital in the 2023 period were age 60-69 years in 13 patients (41.9%), female gender in 21 patients (67.7%), ischemic stroke in 29 patients (93.5%), GCS score 13-15 in 17 patients (54.8%), not using NGT in 19 patients (61.3%), experiencing dysphagia in 19 patients (61.3%), experiencing diabetes mellitus in 21 patients (67.7%), and hypertension in 23 patients. (74.2%).
Conclusion: Pneumonia in stroke patients occurs more frequently at the age of 60-69 years, female gender, ischemic stroke type, GCS 13-15, dysphagia, not using NGT, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension
Keywords: Stroke, pneumonia, dysphagia, ischemic strok
Spiritual Commitment of Educational Leadership as a Loyalty in Human Resources Management: The Javanese Concept of Kekeluargaan
Full text linkThis research aims to show that the Javanese concept of Kekeluargaan as the spiritual commitment influences the loyalty of human resources through management. Human loyalty depends upon fulfilling employees’ needs, which is one of the motivation factors for working. The meaning of work becomes absurd and leads to the material element as the form of human resources development. This old-fashioned paradigm cannot perform the best human resources performance due to commitment and spiritual factors. The previous element creates the incapability of humans to search for the meaning of work for life. The latter makes humans unable to appreciate the job for themselves. Therefore, human resources development issues become a burden for organizations. The method uses the sociological approach to evaluate and analyze the emic through books, articles, journals, and academic writings to systematize research division through analytical thinking. The result is that the concept of Kekeluargaan, as an Indonesian local culture, becomes a spiritual commitment to bringing diversity to the organization as one family. The conclusion is that the valuable points of Kekeluargaan create a workplace atmosphere for human resources that is happy, comfortable, involved, and together in line with spiritual values
KAJIAN HUKUM ATAS PENGAJUAN RENCANA PERDAMAIAN OLEH DEBITOR PAILIT YANG BERASAL DARI PROSES PKPU STUDI PUTUSAN No. 13/Pdt.Sus- Pailit/2016/PN Niaga Jkt Pst
Full text linkPerdamaian kepailitan merupakan hak debitor yang diatur oleh undang-undang ketika telah dinyatakan pailit oleh Pengadilan Niaga. Perdamaian ini dapat diajukan oleh Debitor pailit kepada pengadilan Niaga sebelum verifikasi dan pencocokan utang piutang dengan para kreditornya. Kreditor yang berhak menghadiri perdamaian seperti dinyatakan oleh undang-undang adalah kreditor yang konkuren, sedangkan kreditor yang mempunyai hak diistimewakan tidak diberikan hak untuk menghadiri perdamaian. Perdamaian merupakan salah satu cara untuk menyelesaikan masalah utang piutang dalam proses kepailitan tersebut. Dengan lembaga perdamaian pada proses kepailitan atas kesepekatan kedua belah pihak kreditor dan debitor dan disahkan Pengadilan Niaga, maka utang piutang tersebut berakhir sesuai isi yang disepakati bersama dan pernyataan pailit berakhir. Perdamaian merupakan cara yang termurah dan termudah dalam penyelesaian kepailitan. Namun berdasarkan Undang-Undang Kepailitan dan PKPU No. 37 tahun 2004, Kepailitan yang terjadi karena PKPU yang berakhir yang diakibatkan rencana perdamaian ditolak, Debitor langsung dinyatakan dalam keadaan insolven dan tidak lagi ada upaya perdamaian./Peace in bankruptcy is a right granted by law to debtors who have been declared bankrupt by the Commercial Court. This settlement can be submitted by the bankrupt debtor to the Commercial Court before leveraging the debts and debts with the creditors. Creditors who have the right to determine peace as stated by law are concurrent creditors, while creditors who have privileged rights are not granted the right to implement peace.
Reconciliation is one way to resolve the debt problem in the bankruptcy process. With the peace institution in the bankruptcy process under the agreement of the two creditors and debtors and legalized by the Commercial Court, the debt and credit will end according to the content agreed upon and the bankruptcy statement ends. Peace is the cheapest and easiest way to resolve bankruptcy.
However, based on the Bankruptcy Law and PKPU no. 37 of 2004, Bankruptcy which occurred because the PKPU ended as a result of the peace plan being rejected, the Debtor was immediately declared insolvent and there were no longer any peace efforts
Pelatihan Guru dan Siswa dalam Upaya Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Dasar di Desa Kademangan Cianjur Melalui Program PKM Smart Village = The Training for Teachers and Students in Efforts to Improve the Quality of Basic Education in Kademangan Village at Cianjur Regency through the Social Service Program “Smart Village”
Full text linkPengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini adalah sebuah implementasi hasil riset di lingkungan masyarakat serta membangun ekosistem kolaborasi antar institusi dengan LLDikti Wilayah III dengan tema “Smart Village” yang di dalamnya termasuk program “smart people” yaitu sebuah pembangunan yang berpusat pada manusia (people centered development) yang mendasarkan pada pengupayaan peningkatan kualitas hidup dan kehidupan masyarakat desa dengan kebudayaan yang menyertainya. Kegiatan PkM ini adalah bentuk kolaborasi nyata antara LLDikti Wilayah III dan perguruan tinggi termasuk di dalamnya adalah Universitas Kristen Indonesia. PkM ini berlatar belakang studi kasus yang berpusat pada pendekatan baru untuk mengelola program pendidikan lingkungan berbasis masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran ekologis di antara penduduk desa Kademangan, kabupaten Cianjur, provinsi Jawa Barat. PkM ini tentunya melibatkan pemangku kepentingan lokal (perintah daerah) dalam pengembangan dan implementasi inisiatif pendidikan dengan cara menciptakan perubahan yang berkelanjutan dan memperkecil kesenjangan akses terhadap Pendidikan berkualitas. Hasil observasi pelaksana PkM mendapati berbagai permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh pendidikan sekolah dasar id desa Kademangan, diantaranya 1) Kompetensi para guru dalam hal penyediaan materi pembelajaran yang aktif dan juga metode pengajaran yang masih konvensional; 2) Kurangnya minat siswa dalam mengikuti proses belajar mengajar; dan 3) Sarana pendukung yang masih belum memadai untuk pembelajaran yang efektif. Temuan dalam pelaksanaan PkM ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan kerjasama yang aktif antar seluruh pemangku kepentingan dengan pelaksana PkM di desa Kademangan sehingga peningkatan kualitas pendidikan di desa tersebut memperlihatkan hasil yang positif dan mengurangi permasalahan dalam bidang pendidikan di daerah tersebut.
Keywords: Smart People, Smart Village, Community Service, Indonesian Christian Universit