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Broad Divisia money, supply pressures, and US inflation following the COVID-19 recession
No full textThe rise of U.S. inflation in 2021 and 2022 and its partial subsiding have sparked debates about the relative role of supply and demand factors. The initial surge surprised many macroeconomists despite the unprecedented jump in money growth in 2020–21. We find that the relationship between consumption and the theoretically based Divisia M3 measure of money (velocity) can be well modeled both in the short- and long-runs. We use the estimated long-run relationship to calculate the deviation of actual velocity from its long-run equilibrium and incorporate it into a P-Star framework. Our model of velocity significantly improves the performance of the P-Star model relative to using a one-sided HP filter to calculate trend velocity as used by other researchers. We also include a global supply pressures index in the model and find that recent movements in U.S. inflation largely owed to aggregate demand driven macroeconomic factors that are tracked by Divisia money with a smaller role played by supply factors
Holocene and recent valley-bottom sediment storage decouples natural and anthropogenic hillslope erosion from sediment delivery to streams at time scales of 101-104 yr in a third-order Yangtze River basin, Sichuan, China
No full textTo assess the time scales and relative importance of temporal decoupling between hillslope erosion and the introduction of sediment to streams in a Yangtze River headwater basin, we used multiple techniques to date sediments in alluvial fans and terraces in a third-order stream valley draining a 30-km2 catchment in SW Sichuan, China. Poorly sorted angular sediments in tributary-junction alluvial fans ranged in age from 11261 BCE to 1844 CE, and predominantly fine-grained overbank sediments in alluvial terraces date to approximately 1700–1950. Ethnographic observations and field mapping of hillslope soil depths indicate that terrace sediments and upper strata of several fans correspond to a period of hillslope erosion associated with the intensification of hillslope swidden agriculture. Contemporary sediment production is dominated by lateral fluvial erosion of valley-bottom landforms rather than by hillslope erosion. The long-term temporal decoupling by valley storage of hillslope erosion from sediment delivery to streams has relevance to contemporary hillslope erosion and sedimentation control efforts in the Yangtze Basin. It also motivates investigating whether valley-filling anthropogenic “legacy sediments” may play a role in decoupling hillslope erosion from sediment production in other Yangtze Basin headwater basins
Synthesis and Evaluation of \u3ci\u3eN\u3c/i\u3e-Arylsulfonylated Succinimides as Activity-Based Probes
No full textActivity-based protein profiling (ABPP) technology has served as a powerful platform for studying proteins for more than two decades. However, the further growth of this field depends on the development of new probe structures to expand the proportion of the proteome that can be studied using these methods. Inspired by previous reports of succinimide-containing covalent inhibitors for proteases, we synthesized a panel of potential probe structures with a succinimide reactive group and a terminal alkyne tag suitable for subsequent azide-alkyne click chemistry. Members of this panel with an N-arylsulfonyl linker produce labeling of both purified serine proteases as well as proteins in complex cellular lysates. We found that one of these probes labels the human rhomboid protease RHBDL2 at low micromolar concentrations and can be competed with active-site inhibitors. Our studies establish succinimide as a new reactive group for the development of activity-based probes and offer a new chemical tool for studying a class of enzymes with limited functional characterization
Chemo- and Regiodivergent Allyl-Propargyl Cross-Coupling Reactions for the Construction of 1,4-Enallenes and 1,5-Enynes
No full textCatalyst-controlled divergent transformations represent a vital strategy for the efficient production of structurally diverse molecules from the same readily available precursors. Herein, we report the palladium/phosphine-catalyst-driven chemo- and regiodivergent allyl-propargyl cross-coupling of propargyl carbonates with allyl boronates. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the bidentate phosphine ligand plays a crucial role in determining the relative favorability of possible reductive elimination modes from the ƞ3-allyl-ƞ1-allenyl palladium intermediate species. Specifically, MeO-BIPHEP facilitates the 1,1′-reductive elimination to form the 1,4-enallenes; in contrast, XantPhos favors the formation of 1,5-enynes through a 3,3′-reductive elimination pathway
Global Health Concentration Journey
No full textThe Oberlin College Global Health Concentration has played a crucial role in helping me strengthen my personal goals and professional vision, especially regarding the future I hope to shape for others. Before attending Oberlin, I knew I wanted to pursue a career in nursing, driven by both positive and negative experiences that my family, my communities, and I have encountered within the healthcare system. These experiences motivated me to acquire the necessary knowledge and skills to create a more equitable, accessible, and intentional healthcare environment for underrepresented communities. Throughout my time at Oberlin, I’ve been learning to think critically about problems, identify ways to address the issues within healthcare and discover how I can effectively advocate for the needs of people around the world. I’ve had the incredible opportunity to intern at Rush University as part of their College Career Pathways program, which exposes undergraduate students to the healthcare field. During this internship, I’ve collaborated with peers who share similar goals and visions of building a better healthcare system. I’ve worked hands-on with patients in an internist clinic and have learned how to share the knowledge I’ve gained both inside and outside of the internship with others. My goals moving forward are to continue growing as a leader in healthcare and to focus on tackling the systemic barriers that limit access to quality healthcare in different communities
Music & Movement Early Childhood Education for Latine Students in San Francisco
No full textTo synthesize the benefits of music & movement education in a specific Latine-American context, I investigate three ways in which Orff-Schulwerk pedagogy, if implemented in the classroom, would benefit Latine children in San Francisco. I propose that the use of this pedagogy in the classroom will increase emotional regulation, confidence, and social competence for Latine students.
First, I discuss the importance of music & movement education for early childhood development in general. I argue that this type of education presents a foundation for teachers and educational institutions to create a holistic academic experience that addresses both individual and societal problems from early childhood education, with a specific focus on creativity and community building.
Next, I identify three problem areas for Latine children in the U.S. (lack of emotional regulation, confidence, and social competence), then discuss the specific context of Latines in San Francisco, synthesizing the two.
Finally, I connect these problem areas with the solutions and benefits that the Orff-Schulwerk method (and, more broadly, music & movement education) provides
Survival Factors Analysis with application in causal inference and machine learning for lung cancer
No full textBased on the National Cancer Institute (NIH), other than breast and prostate cancer, lung cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States across all races and ethnicities. However, according to the Lung Cancer Research Institution, lung cancer research has not been focused and invested compared to the others. Our objective is to investigate why some lung cancer patients live longer than others. Also, we can understand lung and bronchus cancer survival by utilizing advanced causal inference and predictive modeling techniques. We did the analysis based on data from the SEER registry in Texas from 2011 to 2021. We determine the cause factors through three main approaches. First, the classical survival analysis, which consists of performing the Kaplan-Meier method, is used, and then the risks of getting lung cancer among explanatory variables are analyzed using the Cox Proportional Hazards Regression model. Secondly, machine learning models, including Random Forest and SVM, are commonly used classification algorithms to better understand the relationship of the variables to lung cancer survival time. Finally, we confirm the closest actual factors that explain differences in survival time among variables with causal inferences
