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Responsa to Rabbi Perry Nussbaum: Interracial Marriage, Conversion, and Reform Judaism in Jackson, Mississippi, 1968
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Chemoproteomic Profiling of a Carbon-Stabilized Gold(III) Macrocycle Reveals Cellular Engagement with HMOX2
No full textIn this work, we discovered a novel organometallic gold(III) macrocycle, Au-Mac1, that demonstrates anticancer potency in a panel of triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBC), and based on this complex, a biotinylated-Au-Mac1 probe was designed for target identification via chemoproteomics, which uncovered the engagement of HMOX2 of the heme-energy metabolism pathway. Using orthogonal chemical biology and molecular biology approaches, including immunoblotting, flow cytometry, and cellular thermal shift assays, it was confirmed that Au-Mac1 engages HMOX2 in cells. Downstream effects of Au-Mac1 on the depletion of mitochondrial membrane proteins and bioenergetics point to the potential role of HMOX2 in cancer. Importantly, Au-Mac1 inhibits in vivo tumor growth of metastatic breast tumor-bearing mice. We believe that this approach is clinically relevant in network-oriented drug discovery. To the best of our knowledge, Au-Mac1 is the first gold complex that targets HMOX2 to elicit an anticancer effect
Extracellular polymeric substance analysis of E. coli biofilm exposed to D-ribose
No full textBacterial biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces and encase themselves in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Antibiotic resistance, which is heightened for bacteria in their sedentary, biofilm state, has limited the use of current antibiotics. If biofilm formation is interrupted, bacteria remain in their more vulnerable planktonic state, which is more responsive to antibiotic treatment. Therefore, we want to understand how we can disrupt biofilm formation and maturation. Our laboratory has demonstrated that sugars differentially remodel the bacterial transcriptome to influence biofilm growth and the composition of the extracellular substances surrounding cells in the biofilm. We have initially found that D-ribose, a common pentose, significantly increases the biofilm production of PHL628 E. coli. We are interested in how the composition of biofilm, namely the EPS surrounding biofilm cells, changes with the addition of ribose. We extracted the EPS of biofilms grown at different experimental conditions to analyze the matrix of carbohydrates and proteins produced by E. coli. Using UV-visible spectroscopy and confocal microscopy, we compared the concentration of carbohydrates and proteins between samples of biofilm grown with and without the introduction of ribose. We found that ribose increased both carbohydrate and protein production statistically significantly, suggesting that ribose increases E. coli’s ability to envelop themselves in biofilm, increasing their potential for antibiotic resistance. We found through disk diffusion assays that ribose changes the susceptibility of E. coli to certain antibiotics. Future work will use liquid chromatography and immunoblotting to identify the specific EPS components increased by ribose, providing insight into potential strategies for disrupting biofilm-mediated antibiotic resistance
From Perception to Policy: Integrated Threat, Anti-Transgender Stereotypes, and Political Orientation as Predictors of Anti-Transgender Voting
No full textPrejudiced reactions to the growing number of transgender individuals in the United States have motivated the support and proposal of much legislation that targets and restricts these individuals. Indeed, in the first six months of 2024, already 619 such anti-transgender bills have been proposed in the U.S. (translegislation.com). Integrated threat theory offers a partial explanation for this prejudice, positing that prejudice toward a group is forecasted by a perception of that group as threatening. Within integrated threat theory, this threat is either symbolic (threatening to cultural values, social norms, or personal beliefs) or realistic (threatening to physical safety, financial security, or political power), with recent research suggesting that symbolic threat evokes more hatred than realistic threat. In the current research, we explore the underpinnings of support for anti-transgender legislation by harnessing integrated threat theory and building on previous research, which has found that perceiving transgender people as deceptive or confused about their identities (especially the former) garners both anti-transgender distrust and prejudice. We found that perceived symbolic threat, realistic threat, deceptiveness, and confusion, as well as social political views, all individually predicted support for anti-transgender legislation. All variables were also significantly correlated with one another. However, in a model including all five variables, we found that social political orientation, symbolic threat, and realistic threat remained significant predictors, while deceptiveness and confusion no longer predicted anti-transgender voting. Subsequent follow-up studies will examine if these results generalize to gay individuals and to transgender youth
Mapping Assimilation: The Geographic Evolution of Jewish Migration in America (1890-2020)
No full textThis thesis examines how spatial assimilation shaped the geographic migration of American Jews between 1890 and 2020. As Jewish communities moved from urban enclaves to suburban and geographically dispersed areas, their migration patterns reflected broader trends of socioeconomic mobility and cultural integration. This study combines genealogical research with census records and archival data to trace Jewish mobility across multiple generations. A decade-by-decade analysis explores key migration trends, including the transition from immigrant neighborhoods to the suburbs after World War II. The study also examines how Jewish institutions, such as synagogues and schools, adapted to these geographic shifts, balancing assimilation with cultural continuity. By linking migration patterns to theories of spatial assimilation, this research highlights how Jews navigated the dual pressures of integration and identity preservation. Ultimately, this thesis contributes to broader discussions on immigration, urbanization, and the evolving nature of minority identity in America
Harmful Algal Blooms in Lake Erie: Two-way Interactions Between Harmful Algal Blooms and Increasing Inorganic Carbon in Lake Erie
No full textThe Impact of Cervical Central and/or Foraminal Stenosis on Radiofrequency ablation for Management of Cervical Spondylosis Related Neck Pain
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All (economic) Politics is Local: Voting Responses to Localized Price Shocks During the Great Recession
No full textThe connection between individual and macroeconomic conditions and voting behavior is well-established. We contribute to the less resolved spatial gap in the literature that centers on how the localized economic conditions of where voters live influence their likelihood to vote. We test how space mediates the tension between voter mobilization and withdrawal in the face of economic shocks. We consider a scenario, the Great Recession, where economic shocks were quite localized and sudden, and compile an extensive dataset of all registered voters in the four-county Tampa metropolitan area between 2006 and 2015. Using sales prices and property characteristics from the tax assessor rolls, we estimate a neighborhood-level shock to housing values induced by the Great Recession. Results show that when we do not account for local neighborhood variation, the Great Recession is associated with a significant decrease in voter turnout. However, when we account for localized economic shocks, we find that residents in neighborhoods with negative price shocks were more likely to vote after the Recession, especially in non-local elections. In addition, the propensity to vote increases with the size of the negative price shock. There is some evidence that variation at the neighborhood level matters more than voter-level heterogeneity. The positive voting response is most profound in predominantly Black neighborhoods, and, to a lesser extent, in predominantly Hispanic and the lowest income neighborhoods. Increases in the propensity to vote are robust to models controlling for baseline economic vulnerabilities, such as localized unemployment, the weakness of the local housing market and exposure to sectors hit hardest by the Recession. The results indicate that dramatic and sudden changes in localized economic conditions can drive voting behavior, and in ways that are distinct from macroeconomic drivers. In addition, the housing asset channel appears to be a powerful one, which can induce significant voting responses at the national level apart from other localized economic drivers, especially among homeowners