Komazawa Women’s University and Komazawa Women’s Junior College Repository / 駒沢女子大学・駒沢女子短期大学 リポジトリ
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Report of the 33th International Confederation of Midwives Triennial Congress in Bali
Get PDF第33回ICM（International Confederation of Midwives）学術集会がインドネシアのバリ島にあるバリ国際コンベンションセンターで開催された。この大会は国際助産師連盟（ICM）が主催となっており、母親と新生児へのケアという共通の目標を達成するために、世界中の助産師と助産師の専門職団体で構成された非政府組織である。今回はCovid-19による感染拡大の影響で2017年以来６年ぶりに参列形式での開催となり、130か国から2,600名以上の助産師が参加した。「Social background of women giving birth that are unintended pregnancies and subsequent maternal and child outcomes in Japan」というテーマでポスター発表を行った。日本での避妊率の低さ、乏しい性教育の実態や様々な場面で女性の意思決定が認められていない点など多くの課題を様々な国の研究者や臨床で働く助産師と一緒に議論することができ貴重な機会を得た。departmental bulletin pape
How children play on Jungle Gyms : From a survey of students who want to be Early Childhood Educators
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Using diapers through nursing interventions for psychiatric inpatients
Get PDF精神科入院患者のおむつ使用に至る経緯とおむつ離脱に向けた看護のかかわりについて明らかにすることを目的に、精神科看護師24名に半構成的面接を実施し、34例のデータを質的に分析した。おむつ使用に至る経緯は【排泄動作・機能を制限する治療上の処置】【下部尿路症状の出現】【身体機能の低下による体動困難】【精神症状による排泄動作の障害】【失禁に対する不安や心配】であった。おむつ離脱に向けて改善傾向にあった14例では【看護チームの意思統一がされていない】【排泄動作・機能を制限する治療上の処置】という課題があったが【身体拘束の解除】【患者の状態改善】【排泄の自立を患者が希望】【家族の希望や負担を考慮】【看護計画の再検討】をきっかけとしておむつ離脱を目指し【おむつの使用による患者の心理的・身体的影響を最小限にする】【患者と協働関係を構築する】【排泄の自立に向けたチームづくり】【下部尿路症状に対するケア】【排泄動作のリハビリテーション】【排泄自立に向けた環境調整と排泄用具の選択】【薬物療法の生活への影響を査定し適正な使用を提案】が行われていた。This study aimed to determine how psychiatric inpatients came to use diapers through nursing interventions based on interviews with nurses working at psychiatric hospitals. The background for the 34 cases of patients who used diapers, described by interviews with 24 nurses, included：［therapeutic procedures that limit excretory function and movement］ ［difficulty with body movements owing to decline in physical function］ ［emergence of lower urinary tract syndrome］［impaired excretory movements owing to psychiatric symptoms］ and ［anxiety or concern about incontinence］.In total, 14 cases showed improvement, and the reasons for aiming to quit using diapers were ［consideration of family wishes and burden］ ［removal of physical restraint］［improvement of patient’s condition］［ patient’s wish to be independent in toileting］ and［ revisit the nursing plan］. Nursing and therapeutic issues included ［a lack of unified direction for the nursing team］ and ［therapeutic procedures that limit excretory function and movement］. The following measures led to improvement：［ minimizing the psychological and physical impact of diaper use on the patient］ ［building a cooperative relationship with the patient］ ［building a team for elimination independence］ ［care for lower urinary tract symptoms］ ［rehabilitation of elimination movements］［environmental adjustment and selection of elimination equipment for elimination independence］ and ［assessing the impact of drug therapy on daily life and suggesting its appropriate use］.departmental bulletin pape
Experience of New Graduate Nurses who Received Continuous Supports for Three Years through Dialogue with Certified Nurse Specialists in Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.
Get PDF本研究は、精神看護専門看護師（以下、CNS）による対話を通した３年間の継続支援を受けた精神科新卒看護師の体験を明らかにすることを目的として実施した。本研究では、フォーカスグループインタビューを活用した質的帰納的研究デザインを用いた。
３グループ13名（男性６名，女性７名）の研究協力者に対して実施したフォーカスグループインタビューの分析の結果、CNS による対話を通した３年間の継続支援を受けた精神科新卒看護師の体験は、【CNS と信頼関係を築き安心して相談できる体験】、【身近な先輩にはしにくい相談をする体験】、【自分自身や自分の成長に気づく体験】、【CNS に支えられながら困難を乗り越える体験】、【CNS とのやりとりから学ぶ体験】の５つのカテゴリーに分類された。
３年間の継続支援を受けた新卒看護師にとってCNS の存在は、リアリティショックに直面する入職１年目の時期だけでなく、支援が手薄になる２年目以降の心理情緒的サポーターとしての意義を有していた。また、CNS とのやりとりは、新卒看護師自身の技量の向上に活かされていた。The study aimed to clarify the experiences of new graduate psychiatric nurses in Japan who received continuous support for three years through dialogue with Certified Nurse Specialists（CNSs）in psychiatric and mental health nursing. In Japan, preceptorships are often used to support new nurses’ adjustment to the workplace. Although preceptorships are helpful for training, it is difficult to convey the appeal of psychiatric nursing to young nurses. Subsequently, CNSs manage new graduate nurses individually for three years in a role different from that of their preceptor. Data collected through focus group interviews were analyzed through a qualitative inductive analysis. In total, 13 nurses participated as research collaborators. The experience helped the new graduate psychiatric nurses who received three years of continuous support through dialogue with CNSs to（1）build a relationship of trust with CNSs and consult with confidence;（2）consult on something difficult to discuss with someone close to them;（3）monitor themselves and their growth;（4）overcome difficulties while being supported by CNSs; and（5）learn from interacting with CNSs. Preceptorships are limited to one year of support for new graduate nurses. When nurses enter their second year, they must become independent from their seniors. Subsequently, the presence of the CNSs was significant not only during the “rookie” years when faced with reality shocks but also as a means of psycho-emotional support from the second year onwards when support tends to be interrupted. Additionally, interactions with the CNSs were utilized to improve the new graduate nurses’ skills.departmental bulletin pape
A Study on the Actual Conditions of Activities and Leaders' Attitudes in Lifelong Learning while Raising Children ─ Interviews with mothers who are leaders of cultural activity circles ─
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Humanitarian Considerations for the Special Permission to Stay in Japan through the Basic Plan for Immigration Control (3)
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Survey of the Freshmen in the Academic Year of 2023 on “Informatics Education” Provided by Two Liberal Arts Colleges in Tokyo
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Effect of Yam Powder on Swelling of Gluten-Free Rice Flour Bread
Get PDFIn recent years, rice flour has been used as a substitute for wheat flour in various processed foods, including bread and confectionery. However, rice flour lacks gluten, which results in a lack of dough elasticity and makes it challenging to retain air bubbles. Therefore, we created rice flour bread using yam power（1%, 3%, 5%）, which is relatively easy to obtain for households,and investigated its impact on the swelling of rice flour bread. In terms of shape measurements,
the partial yam power-substituted rice flour bread showed significantly higher values in terms of volume and specific volume compared to the control rice flour bread, indicating an improvement in swelling when using yam power. In the viscosity measurement of the dough, an increase in viscosity was observed with the use of yam power, and significant differences were observed among the various samples. The use of yam power resulted in an increase in dough viscosity,contributing to the specific volume and height of the rice flour bread. However, as the amount of yam power used increased, the specific volume and height of the rice flour bread tended to decrease, suggesting that with the increase in viscosity, oven spring during baking was adversely affected. In the hardness measurements, it was observed that each yam power-substituted rice flour bread had significantly lower values in the crumb compared to the control rice flour bread, indicating that the use of yam power resulted in a softer crumb. Based on the above results, substituting a portion of rice flour with yam powder （1–3%）when producing gluten-free rice flour bread was shown to increase volume and specific volume while reducing the hardness of both the crust and crumb. Thus, using yam powder was suggested to contribute to the swelling of rice flour bread.departmental bulletin pape
A Study on Self-awareness of Humanoids and Homo Sapiens from the Perspective of Body
Get PDFIn recent years, we have conducted research on the recognition and self-awareness of artificial intelligence and humanoids, and have produced several papers. This paper continues this research by comparing and examining the difference between artificial intelligence and humanoids and homo sapiens in self and others and self-awareness. What is the difference between them in self and others and self-awareness? From archaea to homo sapiens, as the forefront of evolution, all living things can distinguish between self and others. The most basic method for this is seen in the behavior of archaea in the discrimination between self and others.This is a method in which specific receptors on the cell surface bind to other organisms to
discriminate between self and non-self, and if non-self, to determine what kind of opponent they are. In this way, for living things, the body is the most basic thing for recognition. Without a body, recognition is impossible. In the case of humanoids with mechanical bodies, there are sensors installed on the mechanical body that determine behavior based on sensory information. It is difficult to distinguish in learning between humanoids with mechanical bodies and human beings with biological bodies, however, humanoids are not living things. In previous research, we pointed out that the insurmountable difference between humanoids and human beings was meaning. Homo sapiens cannot live without meaning and are creatures that try to find（ create or imagine） meaning in everything. On the contrary, meaning is unnecessary and meaningless for humanoids. In this paper, we introduce the perspective of the body, as another factor to distinguish between humanoids and homo sapiens. Homo sapiens are disposed to try to discover humanoids’ personalities, emotions, and facial expressions. Human beings consider humanoids as another human.
In the last of this paper, we find that touch is the most basic sense for discrimination between self and others. In other words, touch is the most essential basic sense for living things. In the next research, we will try to develop tactile sensations, especially to live well for human nature.departmental bulletin pape