International Medical Publisher Journals (iMedPub)
Not a member yet
352 research outputs found
Sort by
Comamonas testosteroni Blood Stream Infection in A Patient with End-stage Renal Failure on Hemodialysis
Get PDFWe report for the first time from Jordan and probably Arab countries a very rare case of Comamonas testosteroni causing blood stream infection in a Sudanese patient with renal failure on hemodialysis whom was waiting for a living-related renal transplant. He was successfully treated with cefepime and had his transplant ten days into his treatment. Post-transplant he did well and was discharged home
Characterization of capsule expression of both MSSA/MRSA strains isolated from various body sites of colonization and infections in Amman and Gaza
No full textAbstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Despite the predominance of two capsular polysaccharides, types 5 and 8, on the surface of clinical isolates, molecular and epidemiological variations have been reported among various geographical areas in addition to various clinical outcomes of S. aureus increasing the challenge for preventive and control measurements against staphylococcal infections and diseases. Materials and Methods: A total of 315 S. aureus isolates of various clinical conditions comprised both hospital and community-acquired infections between 2009 and 2011 in Amman and Gaza were studied. All S. aureus clinical isolates included in the present study have been investigated by PCR method to determine the distribution and diversity of capsule polysaccharide expression. Results: Collectively, most of the clinical isolates (90%) expressed either capsular polysaccharide CP5 (37%) or CP8 (53%), whereas 10% were nontypeable by PCR. Interestingly, significant predominance of CP8 genotype was reported in clinical strains of S. aureus isolated from infections in comparison to those which are commonly colonising various normal body sites. Conclusion: Â Correlation between capsule genotypes and pathogenic behaviour of S. aureus could be established. Further studies on the molecular levels are required to determine the role and mechanisms of capsular expression in the variability of pathogenic potential of S. aureus
Distribution of bacterial uropathogens and their susceptibility patterns over twelve years (2001-2013) in Palestine
No full textBackground: The emergence of new resistant strains of bacteria has become one of the most serious global health themes. The medication of UTI's caused by resistant strains has turned to be an economic burden worldwide. Local community evaluation of susceptibility patterns for uropathogens is of great importance to reduce the misuse of empirical antibiotics. This study presents the incidence and wide spectrum of uropathogens in addition to their antibiotic susceptibility patterns.  Methods: A total of 16,883 urine culture samples were included in this retrospective study. The incidence of recovered uropathogens was estimated in the examined urine samples, as well as the sex and age groups of these patients. Furthermore, the antimicrobial susceptibility for all identified bacterial isolates were analyzed.  Results: 6.539 out of 16,883 urine culture samples produced significant bacterial growth. They were identified to be E. coli, coagulase negative Staphylococci, Streptococcus spp, S aureus, and Klebsiellaspp, with their frequencies as follow (47%, 19.6%, 18.4%, 4.9%, 2.9%, respectively).  Gram positive uropathogens showed good susceptibility towards the local commonly used antibiotics in UTIs; Amoxi/clav, Cefuroxime ,Cephalothin , Sulpha /Trimethoprim, Nitrofurantoin, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin and Norfloxacin (83.9%, 80.1%, 70.1%, 36.6%, 65.1, 57.6%, 51.6%, 47.8%, respectively).  Gram negative uropathogens showed good susceptibility towards Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, norfloxacin, Cefuroxim,Nitrofurantoin, Sulpha/Trimethoprim, Nalidixic Acid, and Amoxi/clav, (76.1%, 71.8%, 72.9%, 64%, 67.5%, 48.7%, 57.6%, 42.1%, respectively).  Conclusions: It is highly important to monitor the incidence of common uropathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns regularly in order to maintain the best effective choices of treatment, this will minimize the UTI complications and therapy costs
Manejo de la osteopenia en pacientes con Artritis Idiopática Juvenil
Get PDFLa alteración del metabolismo óseo en pacientes con AIJ es una complicación reconocida y prevalente. Presentamos una revisión de la literatura que incluye definiciones terminológicas, herramientas útiles para el estudio de estos procesos y recomendaciones planteadas para incoporar en el seguimiento de estos pacientes
High incidence of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli producing CTX-M-type ESBLs colonizing the intestine of Jordanian infants
Get PDFBackground. This prospective study investigated major characteristics of E.coli colonizing the intestine of out-patient and in-patient infants, especially their association with CTX-M-type  extended spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs), integrons and fluoroquinolone resistance genes (gyrAandparC) . Method. A total of 288 stool samples were collected from infants aged less than 1 year which were admitted at the pediatric department, Jordan University Hospital, Amman. The E.coli isolates were investigated using antimicrobial susceptibility tests and PCR for detection of CTX-M genes and integrons .  Results. A total of 170 (59%) infants were colonized with E.coli, including 73 (42.9%) females and 97 (57.1%) males. A significant difference was observed between gender and age groups according to the presence or absence of E.coli (P= 0.001). Multidrug resistant (MDR) accounted for 52 (30.6%) of the isolates and all were ESBL producers. The detection rate of CTX-M genes among  MDR E.coli isolates was 49 (94.2%), CTX-M group 1 accounted for  41 (87.8%) of the isolates and 30(73.2%) were CTX-M-15 producers. Only Class I integron was detected in 20/52 (38.5%) of  MDR E. coli isolates, and resistance to fluoroquinolones accounted for 45/52(86.5%) of these isolates . A total of 33/52 (63.5%) of MDR E.coli isolates were resistant to  potential Quinolone resistance genes (parC) and (gyrA) in association with CTX-M group. Conclusion. This study demonstrates that formula-fed infants, vaginal delivery and old age of infants were higher and significant associated with colonization of E .coli. High incidence of CTX-M ESBL-producing E. coli was found in association with fluoroquinolones-resistance and Class I integrons colonizing the intestine of Jordanian infant
Genetic and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Lebanon
Get PDFObjectives To determine the population structure and antimicrobial sensitivity profile of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates in Lebanon. Materials and Methods Thirty-two isolates of A. baumannii were collected between Jan-June 2011 from three distant hospitals in Lebanon. Molecular identification was done by partial rpoB sequencing. The antibiotic susceptibility testing was determined by agar disc diffusion. MICs for imipenem, meropenem, colistin, tigecycline and sulbactam were also determined for imipenem resistant strains. Genetic testing was performed using MLST. Results Thirty isolates were identified as A. baumannii according to the molecular identification which 24 exhibited imipenem resistance. Sensitivity profiles [sensitive vs. intermediate vs. resistant] of these isolates were 0%vs.12.5% vs.87.5% for meropenem, 8.3%vs.54.2%vs.37.5% for tigecycline and 8.3%vs.8.3%vs83.4% for sulbactam. All isolates (100%) were sensitive to colistin. All isolates (except one) belonged to international clone 2. Conclusion Extensively drug resistant A. baumannii pauses a major risk for patients in Lebanon and with the absence of an effective antimicrobial treatment, tight infection control and rational antibiotic use are mandatory to prevent further aggravation of the antibiotic resistance in this country
Co-existance of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes (AMEs) genes and mec-A gene among nosocomial isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Surgical Intensive Care Units in Kasr Al-Ainy hospitals, Cairo University.
Get PDFIn Staphylococcus aureus aminoglycosides and methicillin resistances are closely associated. We aimed at detection of the prevalence of methicillin and aminoglycosides resistances in S. aureus isolated from surgical ICUs in Kasr Alainy hospitals,  the association of mecA gene and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) genes among these isolates and the accuracy of cefoxitin disc diffusion method in relation to PCR. 150 clinical samples were collected. Cultivation and  identification of isolates were done by the standard  microbiological techniques. All S. aureus isolates were tested for methicillin and aminoglycosides  resistance by disc diffusion  method and for presence  of mec A gene and AMEs genes by multiplex-PCR. 48 S. aureus were isolated (32%) with  a high prevalence of mec A gene  (89.58%) and AME  genes (60.42%) and co-existance of mec A gene and one or more of  AME genes in 60%.   mec A gene was detected  in 87% of cefoxitin resistant  isolates  and  aac(6')-Ie+aph(2'') was the most predominant AME genes.Â
Antibiotic susceptibility, serotyping and determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations of imipenem and meropenem in relation to 88 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in northern Lebanon
No full textABSTRACT We studied the susceptibility of 88 non-repetitive clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by the agar diffusion method. Serotyping of the strains is determined by the slide agglutination technique using specific antisera, polyvalent and monovalent. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of imipenem and meropenem was determined by the E-test method. Finally we analyzed the different resistance phenotypes observed in the study. The results obtained from infected sites revealed the predominance of broncho-alveolar secretions (N* = 30, P** = 34.1%), followed by urine samples (N = 23, P = 26.1%).The results of serotyping showed that serotype O11 was the most common (N = 14, P = 16%) followed by serotype O7 (N = 11, P = 12.5%) and serotype O2 (N = 10, P = 11.36%). The strains isolated in broncho-alveolar secretions were the most resistant to antibiotics. The level of susceptibility of 88 strains to ticarcillin and ticarcillin-clavulanate was 66% and 67.1% respectively. The susceptibility to Piperacillin and Piperacillin - Tazobactam was 72.73% and 80.7% respectively. With regard to carbapenems, we tested imipenem and meropenem and the susceptibility was 78.4% and 87.51% respectively. Regarding anti-pyocyanic cephalosporins, we observed that the susceptibility to ceftazidim was 77.37% and that of Cefepim was 80.67%.Susceptibility to aminoglycosides showed good activity for amikacin with an 87.53% susceptibility. By analyzing the MIC values obtained, we observed that for sensitive strains, values of meropenem were lower than those for imipenem.Five strains had intermediate susceptibility to imipenem while they were sensitive to meropenem. Finally 14 strains were resistant to imipenem whereas only 9 were resistant to meropenem. By analyzing the different resistance phenotypes observed in this study, we can report that there were 50 different resistance phenotypes.Based on these results, we concluded that the major phenotype observed was the phenotype of resistance to fosfomycin (13 strains). There was one isolated resistance phenotype to imipenem (one strain) and another strain that showed an intermediate susceptibility phenotype to this antibiotic. * N: Number of strains** P: Percentag
Prescribing Antibiotics for pediatric dental patients in Jordan; knowledge and attitudes of dentists
Get PDFObjective: The inappropriate use of antibiotic in treating children has been observedin the treatment of dental infections. Recent surveys reported that dentistsin several countries have modest knowledge about antibiotic prescribing. The aimof this study was to investigate the knowledge and attitude of a group of Jordaniandentists treating children towards antibiotic prescribing.Methods: A written questionnaire was distributed during a meeting of the JordanianSociety of Paediatric Dentistry. The questionnaire included questions aboutthe knowledge and attitudes of dentists toward dental antibiotic prescribing tochildren.Results: Amoxicillin was the most popular antibiotic (62.9%) to be prescribed bydentists treating children. A lesser percentage (29.7%) prescribe combination ofantibiotics, and around 37% prescribe antibiotics for duration longer than 5 days.Erythromycin was the most popular alternative to amoxicillin (77.8%) followed byclindamycin (22.2%). A number of antibiotics were prescribed for non-indicatedclinical conditions like pulpitis and gingivitis. More than 50% of the sample prescribedantibiotics for non-scientific reasons like the “need to delay treatment†and“sterilization not guaranteedâ€.Conclusion: There is a need to improve awareness of Jordanian dentists regardingantibiotic prescribing to children particularly in the aspects of type of antibiotic tobe used for patients allergic and non-allergic to penicillin, duration of prescribing,and clinical indications. Dentists also should be discouraged to prescribe antibioticsbased on non-scientific/social factors