International Medical Publisher Journals (iMedPub)
Not a member yet
352 research outputs found
Sort by
Global Suicide: A problem of health systems
Get PDFIt is estimated that over 800 000 people die by suicide and that there are many suicide attempts for each death. Young people are among those most affected. The numbers differ between countries, but it is the low- and middle-income countries that bear most of the global suicide burden, with an estimated 75% of all suicides occurring in these countries. The importance of each risk factor and the way it is classified will depend on each context. These factors can contribute to suicidal behaviours directly but can also contribute indirectly by influencing individual susceptibility to mental disorders. From the analysis of the rate of suicide, the numbers of suicide preventions successful with the number of hospitalizations and hospitalized for attempted suicide, it becomes possible to determine a path in order to create social change in three important factors to be followed to be fulfilled: knowledge (scientific and practical), public support (political will) and a social strategy, showing up as a national response to achieve the goals of suicide prevention
Aberrant FOXP3 gene expression in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of infertile women with endometriosis
Get PDFBackground: Immunological theories suggest that changes in the immune system could prevent the ability to eliminate the endometrium of the pelvic cavity. In women with endometriosis is possible that changes in immunity mediated by T cells facilitate the implantation of endometrial fragments or cells in ectopic locations and recent studies have associated the FOXP3 gene with homeostasis of the immune system and the development of autoimmune diseases. We aimed to evaluate the expression of FOXP3 gene in both eutopic and ectopic endometrium of infertile women with endometriosis and controls.Methods: A case-control study was performed comprising 25 infertile women with endometriosis and 44 fertile women without endometriosis. FOXP3 and GAPDH expression was measured by mRNA using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) based on TaqMan methodology. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the values between the groups.Results: The results disclosed that mean expression of FOXP3 in eutopic endometrium of endometriosis group was significantly higher when compared to the control group (p=0,008), regardless the stage of the disease. Considering the samples of the ectopic endometrium, FOXP3 expression was also significantly higher in endometriosis group compared to the control group (p=0,004), regardless the stage of the disease.Conclusion: the results of this study point to an association between the expression of FOXP3 and the genesis/progression of endometriosis.Â
Social Security Status of HIV-Patients in Brazil
Get PDFThe studies show that HIV/AIDS disease had and is having a high impact on Populations' health but it represents serious socioeconomic problems added for individuals, families, communities and Governments of many countries. In Brazil, the National Standardization Panel of the Federal Courts, the body that comprises the Brazilian National Council of Justice, drafted the docket 78. From this docket, to grant or deny the social security benefi, the judges will not have their decisions limited only to the clinical aspects of medical experts report,starting to also consider the personal, economic, social and cultural aspects of the HIV patient. By analyzing the cases heard by Federal Court of the 5th Region, which constitutes the Brazilian states of ParaÃba, Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará, Alagoas and Sergipe, fourteen cases were found on appeal of special courts. Within those cases, ten were founded to be HIV positive and were granted some sort of pension and welfare benefi, and four were rejected, denying incoming thus those patients with syndrome, the right to receive benefis. The Brazilian Federal Government through the Provisional Measure no 664 from 2014 excluded the art. 151 of the Federal Law 8. 213/91 which dealt with the granting sickness benefi and disability retirement to patients with various disabling conditions which among the HIV saving a total of 18 million to public coffers.The authors point out that the exclusion or this article constitutes the loss of benefis–sickness assistance and disability retirement– those who do not have a minimum period of contribution to Social Security. That constitutes prejudice to the HIV patient´s rights in relation helpless leaving them to State coverage. In this context HIV/AIDS diagnosis not only adversely affects individual health and survival but may be associated with higher also need for care, thus resulting in higher expenses for the healthcare system
Epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility trends of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a tertiary hospital
Get PDFIntroduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of health care associated infections worldwide.Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate epidemiological characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains isolates from infections in a Brazilian tertiary hospital.Methods: Clinical and epidemiological data of the patients were collected. Bacterial strains were isolated and identified using the classical identification tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility assays were performed using the disc-diffusion method.Findings: A total of 590 samples of S. aureus were isolated from patients and 42.5% were characterized as MRSA. Considering the clinical specimens, most of samples were isolated from blood and tracheal secretion, catheter tip, surgical site swabs, wound secretion, exudates and urine. Overall, a high frequency of resistance was observed against ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, amikacin, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Association between death and multidrug-resistance in elderly patients, and death and occurrence of bacteremia by multidrug-resistant MRSA was observed.Conclusions: Our data are highly relevant for surveillance systems and to map on a wider scale the dynamics of circulation of MRSA and raise discussions on containment strategies and rational use of empiric chemotherapy
Hartmann’s procedure and its outcome - An analysis of 78 consecutive cases
Get PDFBackgroundTo analyse the outcome of patients who had Hartmanns procedure (HP) performed in a single institution.Methods and findingsWe retrospectively analysed 78 consecutive patients who had HP performed in our Hospital from 1st January 2010 to 31st December 2013 over a four year period. We analysed age, sex, indications, emergency or elective stoma formation, complications, reversal rate and complications of reversal. Mean age of these 78 patients with HP was 69 years (Range 34-92 years). Thirty five patients were females and 43 were males. In 61 (76.2%) patients HP was done as an emergency and in 17(23.8%) it was done on an elective basis. Out of these 78 patients, 40 (47.2%) had complicated diverticular disease and 25 (34.7%) had locally advanced or obstructed rectosigmoid carcinoma. Out of 78 patients who had HP, 12 died in the postoperative period. Nine (12.5%) patients developed parastomal hernia. One each had ischaemia, prolapse and stenosis. Only 18 (23.07%) patients had their Hartmann’s reversal (HR) done, all of these were by open method. Commonest complication following Hartmann’s reversal was hernia at the stoma site which was seen in three patients. ConclusionHP has a high mortality due to the primary disease process. It has a high rate of long term complications like parastomal hernia. In our series only 23.07 % patients had their Hartmann’s reversed.Â
Variation of hepatic enzymes with Vitamin B12 and D3 levels in cirrhotic patients
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: To determine variation of hepatic enzymes Vitamin B12 and D3 levels in cirrhotic patients.DESIGN: Cross sectional study.SETTING: Cirrhotic patients in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: 250 patients in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital with diagnosis of cirrhosis including 141 males and 109 females.VARIABLE PARAMETERS: They include mean ALT, GGT, Alkaline phosphatase levels along with Vitamin B12 and D3 levels in blood.RESULTS: Vitamin B12 levels were 1249.59±487.01pg/ml and 1422.28±627.75pg/ml in males and females respectively while Vitamin D3 levels were found to be 17.15±10.45 nmol/L in males and 14.80±14.24 nmol/L in females. Vitamin B12 levels were found to be positively correlated with the elevation of ALT and were negatively correlated with elevation of ALT, GGT and Alkaline Phosphatase. The ALT levels were 50.0±21.88 in males and 14.80±14.24 in females, Alkaline phosphatase to be 311.46±107.98 in males while female Alkaline phosphatase were 346.47±101.60. GGT levels to be 41.70±10.62 in males and 45.01±13.74 in females.CONCLUSION: Cirrhotic patients suffering from severe hepatocellular damage have their elevated levels of Vitamin B12 and depressed Vitamin D3 levels in plasma accompanied by a positive association with elevated ALT and GGT plasma level
Suffered violence, drug consumption and risk behaviors in homosexual and bisexual individuals
Get PDFBackground. This study examined the prevalence of violence suffered, drug use and risk behaviors in homosexual and bisexual individuals. Method. Cross-sectional, quantitative study involving 296 Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual or Transgendered individuals in the municipalities of Crato and Juazeiro do Norte, South of Ceará state, Brazil. Findings. Psychological/verbal abuse is the most prevalent and depressants of the central nervous system are chosen for consumption after victimization. Depressant and stimulant drugs were associated to dependence and risk behaviors in sexual minorities. Conclusion. Gay and bisexual people use drugs after suffering violence, with an association between drug use and developing risk behaviors. Further investigations inherent in these associations are necessary, since other factors may interact to violence, drug use and risk behaviors in sexual minorities. Â
Epidemiological study of bloody diarrhoea among children in Baghdad, Iraq
Get PDFAbstract.Introduction: Diarrhoeais an easily preventable and treatable disease; however it is still a major public health problem particularly in developing world.Bloody diarrhoea in young children is usually a sign of invasive enteric infection that carries risk of serious morbidity and death. In Iraq diarrhoea is the second common cause of mortalities among children. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of bloody diarrhoea among children less than 10 years old, in Baghdad.  Material and methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted included 1500 children with diarrhoea, ageing < 10 years old. Mothers were interviewed to obtain the necessarily information. Clinical examination and stool laboratory tests were performed for all children.Results: The prevalence of bloody diarrhoea was 28%. Bloody diarrhoea was significantly higher among children aged 7-9 years old, living in rural areas, with illiterate mother, river water is a household source of water, and on exclusive bottle feeding. Sex of child and working mother were not significant. Entamoeba Histolytica was the main causative agents especially among age group1-3years old. Salmonella and Shigella were common among age group 4-6 years old. Conclusion: The prevalence of bloody diarrhoea was high. Entamoeba Histolytica was the main costive agent. Poor sanitary condition and low socio-economic status may contribute to bloody diarrhoea among children in Iraq.Keywords: childhood  bloody diarrhea, risk factors, causative pathogens , environmental sanitation, breast feedin
Apert Syndrome: New Treatment and a Perspective for the Future
Get PDFTreatment the Apert Syndrome is unique, therefore, divergences exist in the priority of the procedures performed by each team. The Apert Syndrome occurs in approximately 1/65,000 births and accounts for 4.5% of all craniosynostosis. Some changes in Apert Syndrome stand out, such as craniosynostosis and polydactyly
Incidence of urinary retention in a tertiary post operative hospital
Get PDFPatients in the immediate post-operative period have several clinical features and when they are admitted in the post-anesthetic recovery room the signs and symptoms that affect the patient physically and psychologically resulting of surgical procedures begin to emerge. Urinary retention occurs frequently in these patients, as some anesthetics contribute to the development of this clinical condition. This research aims to analyze the incidence of urinary retention after surgery of patients of various specialties, correlating the type of anesthesia and the need for urinary catheterization. This study is characterized as exploratory, descriptive, with quantitative approach and was performed in a hospital of high complexity in Juazeiro do Norte. The sample was composed of the patients admitted to the post-anesthetic recovery room and during that time they presented urinary retention. Data analysis was demonstrated by the tables relating to the literature. The study contributed to the growth of scientific knowledge for hospital staff under study, as there were a large number of species records about urinary retention of patients undergoing surgical procedures that were admitted to the patient unit, especially in surgical units. That worried the nursing staff on the efficiency of systematization so there was an improvement in the quality of care, as many times, such deductions were accompanied by distension and suprapubic pain. Through these results, we could identify some interventions that have contributed to solve this nursing diagnosis, involving the whole multidisciplinary team and ensure the patient unit staff understood holistically the issues involved in this clinical condition and to be more involved in this process