International Medical Publisher Journals (iMedPub)
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Red Propolis Antifungal Action on Species of Candida of the Oral Cavity
Get PDFIntroduction: propolis is a substance that has aroused the interest of many researchers because of its numerous therapeutic properties, antibacterial and antifungal.Objectives: identifying the species of Candida and evaluate the antifungal effect of red propolis yeast oral cavity.Method: this is a clinical in vitro study with saliva samples collected from 152 patients treated at the dental office of the Family Health Strategy in the city of São Bento-PB. The identification of Candida species was made through the Chrom Ãgar Candida. The antifungal activity of the propolis extract was analyzed in four different concentrations: 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%, through the agar diffusion test.Results: The most prevalent species was C. albicans; antifungal action as to the concentration of 25% of the propolis extract was that apparently demonstrated greater efficacy, compared to the highest concentration.Conclusion: The inhibitory effect of propolis against Candida may have been influenced by the concentration of alcohol present in the extract. To test this hypothesis suggests that search is performed with extracts of propolis and at the same time with the alcohol, in both concentrations and different environmental conditions. This study offers subsidies for other professionals employ different methodologies and propolis concentrations with other substances in order to test the antimicrobial action of these
Heart Rate Variability During Hemodialysis in Patients with Chronic Renal Disease
Get PDFBackground: Few studies evaluated cardiac autonomic responses induced by hemodialysis. We aimed to evaluate cardiac autonomic regulation during hemodialysis in haemodynamically stable patients with chronic renal disease. Method: Heart rate variability (HRV) was analyzed in the time and frequency domains in the following periods: Pre-dialysis (10 minutes before); Hemodialysis (240 minutes). Results: The standard deviation of all normal RR intervals (SDNN) increased 60-90min after hemodialysis compared to pre-hemodialysis (29.77 ± 12ms vs. 51.70 ± 41.6ms - p<0.05). The percentage of adjacent RR intervals with a difference of duration greater than 50ms (pNN50) also raised 180-210 min after hemodialysis compared to 0-30 min after hemodialysis (1.29 ± 3.5 vs. 4.37 ± 7.8 - p<0.05). Low frequency (LF) (ms2) increased 150-180 min after hemodialysis compared to pre-hemodialysis (168.2±179.8 ms2 vs. 562.6±455.7 ms2: p<0.05) and high frequency (HF) (ms2) band raised 150-180min and 180-210 after hemodialysis compared to pre-hemodialysis (59.3 ± 70.78ms2 vs. 212.5 ± 304.9 ms2 vs. 186.3 ± 335.1 ms2: p<0.05). Conclusion: Hemodialysis acutely increased HRV, raising the parasympathetic component of HRV
Effect of clonidine on the target dose of propofol: bispectral index evaluation
Get PDFBackground: The increasing evidence associating general anaesthetics with neurotoxicity and post-operative cognitive disturbances, mainly with deeper levels of anaesthetics, has led to more frequent use of adjuvants. This study aimed to analyse the effect of clonidine on the target dose of propofol in total intravenous anaesthesia. Methods: A randomised, double-blind clinical trial was performed in a large hospital located in the southern region of Ceará, Brazil. Fifty-one patients from the anaesthesia outpatient clinic were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups: one group received 100 mL of 0.9% sterile saline, and the other group received 100 mL of 0.9% sterile saline with clonidine at a dose of 3 µg/kg. A target-controlled infusion pump was used to administer propofol, following the modified Marsh pharmacokinetic model and aiming for a bispectral index (BIS) score of approximately 40 for intubation and 45 for anaesthesia maintenance. The anaesthesiologist was informed which group the patient belonged to after completion of surgery and data recording. Results: The chi-squared test was used to evaluate the distribution of the samples with respect to gender, and the Student’s t-test was used to evaluate the parametric variables. There was no statistically significant difference between the samples. A significant difference was observed in the target dose of propofol between the two groups during the maintenance and awakening phases, but not at the time of intubation. Conclusions: Clonidine pre-operatively administered at a dose of 3 µg/kg significantly reduced the target dose of propofol needed to maintain adequate levels of anaesthesia as measured by BIS
A Patient with autoimmune hepatitis and transverse myelitis presented with persistent Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, the discrepancies in assessing susceptibility; VISA versus Non-VISA
Get PDFVancomycin-Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) is still uncommon among MRSA isolates. In our region, we rarely encountera case of VISA and/or GISA bacteremia. Here, we report a man who suffered from autoimmune hepatitis on immunosuppressive therapy and thoracic transverse myelitis suspected to be due to polyomavirus infection; he developed persistent MRSA blood stream infection, PVL-positive and MLST clonal complex 88 which is reported most commonly from Africa. A strain with Vancomycin susceptibility of 4 – 6 µg/ml (VISA) was initially identifid, retested again elsewhere and showed MIC of 2µg/ml and Teicoplanin susceptibility of 4µg/ml. Treatment failure occurred while attaining higher serum vancomycin levels than recommended and died
Minocycline exerts a neuroprotective action against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity: in vivo and in vitro studies
Get PDFBackground: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The oxidative stress and inflammation, among other factors, are involved in the mechanisms of cell death in PD. We studied the neuroprotective properties of minocycline (Mino), focusing on its behavioral, neurochemical and immunohistochemical effects. Besides, Mino effects were also studied on an in vitro model of PD, as well as on the release of MPO in human neutrophils, and also its antioxidant activity. Methods: We used in vivo (unilateral injection of 6-OHDA into the right striatum) and in vitro (SH-SY5Y cells) models of PD. For the in vivo model, male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: sham-operated (SO), 6-OHDA-lesioned and untreated and 6-OHDA-lesioned and treated with Mino (10 and 25 mg/kg, p.o., 7days). The animals were evaluated for behavioral, neurochemical and immunohistochemistry alterations. We also focused on Mino cytoprotective effects, as evaluated by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (nitrite determination and MPO release). Results: Mino (10 and 25 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reversed the decrease in striatal DA and DOPAC contents, the alteration in apomorphine-induced rotational behavior and the locomotor activity observed in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, indicative of neuroprotection. Besides, it decreased the immunoreactivity for TNF-alpha in the hippocampus. In SH-SY5Y cells, Mino increased cells viability, as evaluated by the MTT assay, and significantly decreased the high nitrite levels observed in the cells after 6-OHDA-induced cytotoxicity. Mino presented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects as evaluated by inhibition of MPO release (an inflammatory marker) on human neutrophils and DPPH assay. Conclusion: Minocycline exerts neuroprotective effects in vivo and in vitro, decreasing dopaminergic cell loss, through mechanisms that are a consequence of Mino anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, pointing out to its potential application for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases as PD. Â
Sleep Disorders in Climacteric Women of the Northeastern City of Brazil
Get PDFIntroduction: One of the stages of women's lives is the climacteric, a period often accompanied by emotional and physical signs and emotional, which may negatively influence the quality of life. Among the typical climacteric symptoms are sleep disorders, often overlooked by professionals who assist the woman.Objective: Identifying factors related to sleep disorders in cliamcteric women, in the city of Cajazeiras, ParaÃba, Brazil.Method: A cross-sectional survey conducted in the city of Cajazeiras, with 411 women 40-60 years old, belonging to the Family Health Units in the urban area, included in the sample after reading and signing the Informed Consent. Data were collected through interviews with structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The exposure variables were: meals/day, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol consumption, overweight/obesity, hypertension and diabetes, which were dichotomized to enable the calculation of the odds ratio (OR) with CI 95% and p < 0.05. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of ParaÃba, Protocol 0462.0.133.000-11.Results: The average age of the study population was 49.73 (± 5.799). The average number of years studied was 7.72 (± 4.76). Regarding per capita income, the average was 0739 (± 0.811). The sleep complaints prevailed in 65.5% (n = 269). By the findings, it was realized that the variables associated with sleep disorders were: alcoholism [p = 0.014; OR: 1845 (CI 1085-3139)]; presence of illnesses [p = 0.004; OR: 1796 (CI 1185-2725)] and hypertension [p = 0.005; OR: 1827 (CI 1164-2868).Conclusion: The high prevalence of sleep disorders, the unfavorable socio-demographic conditions and morbid factors found confirm the strong impact of menopause on women's lives. We realize the need to investigate other risk factors for sleep disorders, associated with socio-demographic data and intrinsic factors, regarding climacteric
Effects of continous and interval trainings exercises on cardiovascular characteristics of pupils in Ibadan
Get PDFObjective: The focus of the paper is to examine the effects of continuous and interval trainingsexercises on cardiovascular characteristics of pupils in Ibadan, Nigeria, measured in terms heartrate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.Methodology: A total of one hundred and eighty (180) volunteered pupils were convenientlydrawn from four (two public and two private) primary schools in Ibadan based on type of school.The randomized classic experimental research design with two experimental and one controlgroups were employed in the study. Systematic random sampling technique was used to allocatesixty (60) participants to each of the three groups, namely: the continuous exercise (CE) andinterval exercise (IE) and the control groups. The experimental groups participated in twelveweeks exercise trainings. The cardiovascular variables measured preÂpost trainings weresubjected to frequency counts, percentages, mean and standard deviation as well as analysis ofcovariance and scheffe post hoc for analysis and discussions.Results: Results show that the average age of the pupils was 9 years 8 months, 103 (57.2%) ofthe participants were male while 77 (42.8%) were female; the postÂtraining mean height of theparticipants in the PRE group is 1.36±0.09m while that of weight is 29.52± 5.82kg
La certificación de reumatólogo, experiencia en México
Get PDFA lo largo de la historia, la sociedad ha buscado garantizar que la actividad médica sea benéfica y cuente con un marco regulatorio que guÃe su actuación; antiguamente mediante códigos éticos y deontológicos y más recientemente, mediante mecanismos de rendición de cuentas y de evaluación de resultados como son los procesos de certifiación o acreditación
Oral Sensorimotor System in Patients with Facial Lipoatrophy Living with AIDS
Get PDFIntroduction: Lipodystrophy Syndrome in people living with AIDS is characterized by body fat redistribution and metabolic abnormalities and is associated with the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). It is socially and psychologically impacting once it reduces the quality of life of those who develop it. The prevalence varies from 6% to 69%.Objective: Characterize the Oral Sensorimotor System in patients with Facial Lipoatrophy living with AIDS.Methods: Cross-sectional convenience sample study. Sixty-four patients living with AIDS treated in the Lipodystrophy Clinic were clinically evaluated by the infectious disease physician and by the speech language pathologist. The Oral Sensorimotor System structures were evaluated through the Orofacial Assessment Protoco.Results: Changes in tone and mobility are associated with loss of subcutaneous fat.Conclusions: Changes presented in the morphology and function of the Oral Sensoriomotor System are associated with facial Lipoatrophy in patients living with AIDS
Anxiety and depression of high risk pregnant women hospitalized in two public hospital settings in Greece
Get PDFObjective: Many studies have examined the prevalence of anxiety and depression in low-risk pregnant women. However, very few studies have explored the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in high-risk pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of antenatal anxiety (AA) and antenatal depression (AD) in high-risk pregnant women hospitalized for a medical disorder.Methods: The sample of this study consisted of 133 pregnant women with gestational age from 9 to 37 weeks. Anxiety was measured with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and depression was measured with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Descriptive statistics, such as means, standard deviations, and frequencies, were used.Results: The means for STAI-state and -trait scores were 49.3 and 45.1, respectively. The mean score for EPDS was 12.5. Nine percent of the participants have answered that quite often or sometimes had the thought of harming themselves. Almost 50% of participants had depressive symptoms (EPDS >11) and the majority of participants had high anxiety level.Conclusion: The prevalence of antenatal anxiety and depression identified in this study is of concern. Screening tools for detecting antenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms in high-risk pregnant is crucial