Europe’s Journal of Psychology (PsychOpen)
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Career plateauing and work attitudes: Moderating effects of mentoring others with Nigerian employees
No full textThis study examined the relation of career plateauing to job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intentions and the moderating effects of mentoring on the relationships between career plateauing and the three dependent variables. Data were collected from 280 government employees in Nigeria who were more than 30 years old and came from a wide variety of organizations. Results of this study showed that career plateauing was negatively correlated with job satisfaction and organizational commitment and positively correlated with turnover intentions. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that mentoring played a significant moderating role on the relationships between career plateauing and job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Based on the findings, the implications, limitations of this study and direction for future research are discussed
Guided imagery as a psychotherapeutic mind-body intervention in health psychology: A brief review of efficacy research
No full textIn this article the guided imagery technique, which is a therapeutic tool in counseling and allied fields using mental images produced by appropriate scripts, suggestions or affirmations by videos/tape records and by the client himself/herself, will be discussed. Guided imagination is a mind-body intervention. Mind-body interventions focus on the interactions among the brain, mind, body, and behaviour, and on the powerful ways in which emotional, mental, social, spiritual and behavioural factors can directly affect health. The technique, used in health psychology and counseling psychology, can be classified by the modality of its content: visual, verbal, auditory, olfactory, tactile, gustatory, or kinesthetic. It is a flexible intervention whose efficacy has been indicated through a large body of research in the field over many decades. As such, it has earned the right to be considered a research-based technique. This article will give a brief outline of guided imagery techniques, and examples of selected research indicating its efficacy
Anger as a moderator of the relationships between attachment, dyadic adjustment, and childhood victimization in physically violent spouses
No full textThe present study examines the moderating effects of the anger characteristics of violent husbands on the relationships between a set of predictors and both psychological and physical husband violence. Based on data from 76 married violent men recruited through community organizations that work with abusive males, a series of moderated multiple regression analyses showed that anger repression and felt intensity of anger does moderate the effects of attachment, dyadic adjustment, and childhood victimization on physical violence, but not on psychological violence. Considering that anger repression and felt intensity of anger are the more internally-related anger characteristics experienced in the couple relationship leads to the suggestion that the more covert characteristics of anger are more likely to play a moderating role than the overt characteristics, and reinforce the idea that it would be advantageous to consider anger as a multidimensional construct in studies of violence
15th World Congress of Psychophysiology
No full textBudapest, Hungary August 30 – September 4, 2010 Following the high standards set by the International Organization of Psychophysiology, the Program of this 15th World Congress of Psychophysiology will be composed of Invited Keynote Presentations, Symposia and Poster Sessions on the most advanced findings on all aspects, branches and areas of Psychophysiology as a leading Neuroscience (see Main Topics of the World Congress). All accepted abstracts will be published in the International Journal of Psychophysiology which will be distributed to all registered Delegates at the World Congress site in Budapest
A Behavioral Genetic Study of Relationships Between Humor Styles And The Six HEXACO Personality Factors
No full textIn this study, four humor styles (affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, self-defeating) were assessed in conjunction with a measure of the HEXACO model of personality, in order to gain greater insight into the etiology of these humor styles, and to situate them better in the framework of human personality. Participants were 664 monozygotic twin pairs and 522 dizygotic twin pairs from the United Kingdom who completed the Humor Styles Questionnaire and the HEXACO Personality Inventory. Univariate behavioral genetic analyses of the HEXACO revealed that individual differences in all of its dimensions were entirely attributable to additive genetic and non-shared environmental factors. Significant phenotypic correlations were found between many of the HEXACO factors and the four humor styles, and bivariate behavioral genetic analyses revealed that these correlations were themselves accounted for entirely by correlated genetic and correlated non-shared environmental factors. Our study adds to the literature validating humor as a personality construct and assessing its relations to psychological well-being
Availability and use of weapons in the neighbourhood as risk factors for criminal offending among prison inmates in Nigeria
No full textThe current study recruited participants from among the prison inmates in Nigeria to determine the relative impacts of availability and use of weapons in their respective communities prior to incarceration as risk factors for criminal offending. Eight hundred and twenty one participants made up of those awaiting trial and convicts, ranging in age from 16 to 65 years (M= 30.4, SD= 7.6) were recruited through opportunistic (non probability) sampling across ten medium and maximum security prisons in Nigeria to participate in the study. Adopting the quantitative analysis, the computed outcomes predict the effects of weapon availability as potential risk factors to criminal offending among this group. The implications of the findings for crime reduction policy in targeting offenders who are at risk of committing criminal offences due to weapon availability are emphasised
Gender differences in Polish citizen’s attitudes towards immigration to the UK
No full textThe present study examined gender differences in attitudes towards immigration of Polish citizens to the UK. Participants: 60 men (mean age =26.21, SD=2.51) and 60 women (mean age=26.15, SD=3.73) participated in the investigation. A 30 item questionnaire was administered to the participants and subjected to the Principle Component Analysis. Factor analysis showed 3 strong factors which were labeled as “domestic preference”, “lifestyle patterns” and “social participation”. The results of statistical analysis showed that Polish women have more preference for the Polish lifestyle than Polish men. However, results of regression analysis showed that as well as gender other significant predictors affecting attitudes towards living in the UK are the length of stay and level of education. Implications of the findings are discussed
Burnout, work satisfactions and psychological well-being among nurses in Turkish hospitals
No full textThis exploratory study examined the relationship between self-reports of burnout and indicators of work satisfaction and engagement, perceptions of hospital functioning and quality of nursing care, and psychological well-being of nursing staff. Data were collected from 224 staff nurses using anonymously completed questionnaires, a 37 percent response rate. Three indicators of burnout were considered: emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and lack of personal efficacy. Hierarchical regression analyses, controlling for both personal demographic and work situation characteristics, indicated that burnout accounted for significant increments in explained variance on most outcome measures. Explanations for the association of burnout with various outcomes are offered along with potentially practical implications
Clinical judgement in violence risk assessment
No full textThe present article discusses the three main approaches to violence risk assessment, clinical judgement, actuarial assessment, and structured clinical judgement, informing the reader of the comparative benefits and short-comings of these methods of violence risk assessment. In particular, the present article highlights the controversy within the literature surrounding clinical judgement in comparison to actuarial assessments of violence risk, and proposes that the statistically significant ‘improvements’ of violence prediction when using actuarial scales in comparison to clinical predictions of dangerousness do not necessarily measure the skill of the clinician adequately. Specifically, an assessment of ‘dangerousness’ does not equal a prediction of violent recidivism. It is argued that clinicians are not predictive forecasters of risk, as in actuarial scales, but are, rather, trained to manage risk. In addition, suggestions for future research directions in the field of improving violence risk assessments are made
Posttraumatic stress among Palestinian adolescents in the Gaza Strip: An analysis of event-related and demographic factors
No full textObjective: This study investigates the impact of ongoing traumatic events on Palestinian adolescents’ posttraumatic stress according to event-related and demographic factors. Method: A sample of 368 Palestinian adolescents (49.2% males, mean age 17.03) was drawn from different areas of the Gaza Strip. Students were investigated on exposure to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and disorder (PTSD). Results: The mean number of traumatic events experienced by the adolescents was 9.9 (SD = 3.20). Boys were significantly more exposed than girls, as were adolescents living in villages compared to those living in Gaza city or refugee camps. Adolescents mainly and pervasively experienced objective, non-personal material exposure (such as witnessing bombardments) (85% to 96%) and media exposure (95%). Up to 17% of the adolescents experienced direct, physical exposure (7% personal injury), exposure through injury and death of relatives. In this context, two fifths of the adolescents experienced mild, two fifths moderate and one fifth severe PTSS. Remarkably, adolescents did not differ significantly in PTSS despite exposure differences across gender, place of residency and family income. Conclusion: Near half of the investigated adolescents living in the Gaza Strip experience moderate to severe levels of posttraumatic stress, for around one fifth this amounts to a probable posttraumatic stress disorder. These findings urge toward providing psychological support programs to Palestinian adolescents to enhance current wellbeing and limit further developmental risks. Furthermore, the findings suggest the need to investigate the role of appraisal and coping to understand the pathways through which differences in trauma exposure lead to similar posttraumatic stress outcomes