Europe’s Journal of Psychology (PsychOpen)
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Islamic worldview, religious personality and resilience among Muslim adolescent students in India
No full textThe present study attempts to examine the effect of Muslim Religiosity Personality on Resilience. The sample for the study consisted of 200 adolescent Muslim students, from Kerala, India. Both males and females were included in the study. The age of the sample ranged from 15 to 18 years of age. The Muslim Religiosity-Personality Inventory (MRPI) (Krauss and Hamzah, 2009), that purports to assess Islamic religiosity in terms of Islamic worldview and religious personality, was used in the study. Resilience was assessed using the Bharathiar University Resilience Scale (BURS) (Annalakshmi, 2009). Comparison of criterion groups on their scores on the scale using ANOVA revealed that the high and low resilient are distinguished from one another on their religious personality but not on Islamic worldview: The highly resilient were higher on Islamic rituals (religious practice and ritual behaviour indicative of the manifestation of one’s religious worldview) and on Mu’amalat (religiously guided behaviours towards one’s family, fellow human beings and the rest of creation including animals and the natural environment). The findings of the present study suggest that cognitive components alone are not adequate to forge relationship between religion and resilience. They clearly indicate that knowledge alone does not make a significant difference in resilience until it manifests in behaviour. Religiosity is both belief/knowledge and action, and in this present study the resilient participants are those able to actually put their beliefs/knowledge into practice
How does pupils´ emotional coping develop within learning situations during primary school years?
No full textEmotional coping is an emotional-based psychological process that contributes to achieving the goal of emotional regulation. As such, the development of emotional coping can be understood as an individual’s inner coping process which consists of various elements. This article describes the development of children’s emotional coping and the teaching methods that enhance it in the school class. A range of interactive learning activities were planned and carried out in the classroom and the measures of emotional coping were created. Nine pupils aged between seven and eight who had problems with their emotional coping were selected as the research participants. Their development and teaching were observed and the pupils’ self-evaluations were collected during the study year 2006-2007 in interactional classroom situations that involved mathematical problem-solving tasks. The aim of the research was to study 1) how primary school pupils’ emotional coping develops and 2) with what kind of teaching methods their emotional coping could be enhanced. Results showed that pupils’ individual emotional coping can be illustrated through various mathematical reasoning and problem-solving tasks in stages. Emotional coping skills are important for individuals’ success and wellbeing and the foundation for these skills can be laid already in the early years
International Conference on Education and Educational Psychology
No full text19-20 October 2011 Istanbul, Turke
Hope for Humanity
No full textHope for Humanity is an immensely detailed account which focuses on how trauma, both individually and collectively, affects the human psyche. The authors define trauma early on by stating that trauma is “an experience that is emotionally painful, distressful, or shocking and which may result in lasting mental and physical effects” (p.2). Rightly so, the authors state that trauma is so widespread and embedded in our culture that many of us have accepted trauma as the norm. In documenting the role of trauma across thousands of years through prehistory, history and the present the authors report that the first human civilisations lived in the absence of trauma
Moscow International Congress dedicated to the 110th anniversary of Alexander Romanovich Luria’s birth
No full text20-22 September 2012 Moscow, Russi
Turkish adaptation, validity, and reliability of The Domestic Violence Coping Self-Efficacy (DV-CSE) measure
No full textDomestic violence is a traumatic experience faced primarily by women all over the world. Thus, ways in which victims of domestic violence cope with the stress caused by violence emerge as in important area of inquiry. Calling attention to the issue, Charles C. Benight, Alexandra S. Harding-Taylor, Amanda M. Midboe and Robert L. Durham developed the DV-CSE scale in 2004. The DV-CSE scale aims to measure the coping self efficacy of female victims of domestic violence following the latest attack, and is used in clinics in the US that provide support to victims of violence who have suffered physical or psychological damage. In Turkey, where one in every three women is a victim of domestic violence, there are no studies on the subject. This present study represents the adaptation of the DV-CSE scale to Turkish and comprises validity and reliability analyses. The sample of the study consisted of 258 women who applied to various institutions in and around Izmir due to domestic violence. All of these women had faced some type of domestic violence within the previous six months (physical, sexual, emotional or economic). Following the completion of the pre-adaptation study, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to examine the validity of the measure. To investigate reliability, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used. The other method used to examine the reliability of the measure was structural reliability calculation. The analyses conducted showed that the DV-CSE-T (Turkish form) is a uni-dimensional and highly reliable scale for measuring levels of domestic violence coping self efficacy
The Embodied Mind: Perspectives and Limitations
No full textRadboud University Nijmegen October 27, 2010 – October 28, 2010 The last decade cognitive neuroscience has seen a growing interest in an embodied view of cognition, according to which higher-level cognition is supported by basic sensory-motor structures. However, the embodied view of cognition has not gone unchallenged and has been criticized on both methodological and philosophical grounds. In addition, researchers from within the field differ in their views, ranging from strong claims about embodied processes as a necessary prerequisite for thinking to weaker claims about embodiment as merely accompanying higher-order cognitive processes. Crucial questions that remain unanswered include: “How conclusive is the support for strong or weak claims of embodied cognition?”, “How does an embodied view of cognition account for higher-order abstract thinking?” and “How do we represent concepts that we have never experienced ourselves?”. This workshop aims to shed light on these issues by getting together empirical researchers of embodied cognition from different backgrounds
Cross-cultural study: Risk factors for dietary restraint in Mexican and German men
No full textDietary restraint is, together with other risk factors, part of an integrative etiological theory that contemplates direct and mediational mechanisms by which risk factors (ideal and actual figures, body dissatisfaction, ineffectiveness and body mass index) might work together to promote dieting and risky eating behaviors. To gain a better understanding of the risk factors associated with dieting, it was proposed to identify similarities and differences between Mexican and German cultures, and to develop structural models by comparing the interrelations of dieting risk factors. The sample (N = 221) was formed of medical and nursing male students, who completed a survey assessing these risk factors. There were 73 Mexicans and 148 Germans. The mean age of the total sample was M = 20.8 years (SD = 0.71). It was found that Mexican men displayed a higher body mass (t (177) = -4.2 p= .000) and were more dissatisfied with their body (t (184)=-2.9, p=.004), and also showed higher restrictive dieting (t (190) = 2.2, p= .03) than German men did. The hypothesized role of the body dissatisfaction factor was confirmed in both Mexican and German models, body dissatisfaction showed a direct link with dieting (body dissatisfaction predicts dieting), as well as a mediate one between body mass and dieting, and between ideal figure and dieting (dieting is indirectly predicted by body mass or by ideal figure through body dissatisfaction). The relevance of this study is increased by the fact that it is a cross-cultural study, involving Mexican and German samples
Introductory Comments: Special Issue of EJOP (August 2010) on Humor Research in Personality and Social Psychology
No full textWelcome to this special humor issue of Europe’s Journal of Psychology. This August 2010 EJOP issue is devoted to a presentation of contemporary psychological research on humor, with a particular emphasis on work that targets the personality and social aspects of humor, including stress, coping and well-being.
This special issue can be placed into a broader context by noting that we are currently enjoying a psychological renaissance in research on humor. Each year, an increasing number of scientific articles are being published about the psychological aspects of humor. This is clearly seen in Table 1, which provides one rough index of humor publications in psychology over the past thirty years. This was done by searching in PsychINFO, using the term “humor,” across a sequence of one-year time periods (beginning in 1980), and then advancing in five year increments. Thus, starting in 1980, there was a grand total of 47 publications on psychological aspects of humor in all of that year, with 25 of these being in peer-reviewed journals. Moving forward, we begin to see a slow but steady increase in humor research, reaching an overall total of 119 works published in 1995, with the majority of these now in peer-reviewed sources (88)