European Journals of Social Sciences Studies
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MANAGING THE ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS IN THE AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES, AND ENVIRONMENT FIELDS AT CAN THO UNIVERSITY, VIETNAM
Get PDFThis research investigates the management of learning outcome evaluation activities for postgraduate students in the Agriculture – Fisheries – Environment Fields at Can Tho University, Vietnam. Conducted with 33 management staff and lecturers and 105 postgraduate students, the study addresses the urgent need to enhance high-quality human resources in the context of globalization and a knowledge-based economy. It systematically reviews theoretical foundations and evaluates current practices through surveys and data analysis, revealing a significant perception gap between management, lecturers, and students regarding the fairness and effectiveness of online assessments. Additionally, management staff rated their capacity to implement modern evaluation methods as low, indicating a need for mindset change and professional development. In response, the research proposes comprehensive management measures, including raising awareness among staff, improving planning, innovating organizational approaches, strengthening supervision, and enhancing quality assurance conditions. Recommendations are made for the Vietnamese Ministry of Education and Training, Can Tho University, faculties, lecturers, and postgraduate students to improve evaluation quality and better align learning outcomes with labor market demands. Limitations include the study’s focus on select faculties and evaluation management, suggesting further research is needed to broaden applicability. Article visualizations
IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STATE MANAGEMENT OF MARINE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM
Get PDFThe marine economy plays a strategic role in Vietnam's socio-economic development, ensuring national security and asserting national sovereignty. This article aims to analyze the current state management of marine economic development in Vietnam in the context of international integration and climate change, thereby assessing the achievements, limitations, and causes of inadequacies in the management system. Based on the theoretical basis of public management and the approach to integrated coastal zone management, the article uses qualitative research methods combined with document analysis and statistical data to clarify the effectiveness of state management of the marine economy. The research results show that Vietnam has issued many policies and achieved outstanding achievements in the development of seaport infrastructure, logistics, fisheries, and marine tourism, but the management mechanism is still fragmented, lacking an overall coordination focal point; the application of digital technology is ineffective, and the marine human resources have not met the requirements. Drawing on international experience in South Korea, Norway, and the European Union, the article proposes solutions including improving institutions and marine spatial planning, reforming the management apparatus, promoting digital transformation, developing human resources, protecting the marine environment, and enhancing international cooperation. These recommendations aim to improve the effectiveness of state management and promote the development of a blue and sustainable marine economy, in line with Resolution 36-NQ/TW and the 2045 vision in Vietnam. Article visualizations
PATERNALISTIC MORAL DISPLACEMENT THEORY: UTILITARIAN LOGIC AND MESSIANIC JUSTIFICATION OF POLICE AND MILITARY CONDUCT
Get PDFThe study aims to explore paternalistic moral displacement theory as utilitarian logic and messianic justification for police and military conduct. Specifically, it seeks to answer two questions: to what extent can paternalistic moral displacement theory justify military and police conduct among respondents, and how can utilitarian logic and messianic justification for police and military conduct enhance the application of paternalistic moral displacement theory in law enforcement within the community? Mixed methods are employed in the study, where purposive sampling is utilized in the selection of the sample size. The study comprised thirty (30) respondents only. Results show that the extent of paternalistic moral displacement theory can justify the military and police conduct to distribute justice and positive perception impact on the culture, organization performance, and ethical decision making, show that perceived expertise and authority manifests the dual aspects and moral agency to refrain from human behavior for empowerment and proactivity, show that trust and confidence in authority provides better ethics in the decision making process and practitioner on the regulation of the men in uniform and conduct, show that desire for guidance and support acknowledges the lie behind legislatures and motives choices for law agreement and kinds, and show that minimizing responsibility and risk develops the issues in protecting the people who struggle in the system policy making process. Article visualizations
THE INFLUENCE OF HOUSEHOLD DEITY BELIEFS ON THE SPIRITUAL LIFE OF THE CHINESE COMMUNITY IN BINH DUONG
Get PDFThis article not only systemizes the common household deity beliefs and forms of worship but also analyzes the role of these beliefs in the spiritual life of the Chinese community in Binh Duong. Based on ethnographic data and fieldwork conducted in Thu Dau Mot City, Thuan An City, and Dau Tieng District, the article reveals that the household deity system of the Chinese community in Binh Duong combines traditional Chinese religious elements with adaptations to the local context. The deities commonly worshipped in families include Kuan Yin, Kuan Ti, Tsai Shen (God of Wealth), and Earth God... Furthermore, influenced by urbanization, modern life, and changes in the perceptions of younger generations, the form and role of these beliefs are undergoing significant transformations in the way worship is practiced, reflecting the adaptation of the Chinese community to modern society. Article visualizations
JOB DEMANDS AND WORK ABSENTEE TENDENCY IN PRODUCTION EMPLOYEES
Get PDFImplementing employees is a central part of work activities in a company. Employee presence is a determining factor because the nature of the work that takes place is related to production results. Employees who are in a work environment are required to carry out their duties. The demands of the tasks that must be carried out sometimes cause pressure for employees, and in an effort to overcome this pressure, employees do it in several ways, including by not attending work. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between task demands and the tendency for employee absence from work. The subjects of this study were 380 operator employees, 191 of whom were used as research samples. The data collection method used the Absenteeism Tendency Scale and the Task Demand Scale. From the results of the bivariate correlation, the correlation coefficient (rxy) = 0.586 with p = 0.000 was obtained, and it can be concluded that the higher the task demands, the higher the tendency for employee absence from work. Article visualizations
OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND ACCRUAL EARNINGS MANAGEMENT: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF FIRM SIZE IN LISTED COMPANIES WITHIN THE OHADA MEMBER STATES
Get PDFThis study investigates the effect of ownership structure on accrual earnings management of listed firms in Organisation for the Harmonisation of Business Law in Africa (OHADA) member states, taking into account company size as a moderator from 2018 to 2023. Using panel data from the financial statements of 23 companies listed on the BRVM and BVMAC exchanges, the study employed the estimated residuals of Kothari et al. (2005) to measure accrual earnings management. Ownership structure was measured as a percentage of shares held by each of the categories of ownership. The suggested effect (direct and moderated effect) of ownership structure on accrual earnings management was tested using the Prais–Winsten regression with Panel-Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE). The empirical evidence of the non-moderated PCSE has shown that the ownership structures examined in the study (ownership concentration, individual ownership and foreign ownership) do not have any significant effect on accrual earnings management. However, findings of the moderated effect show that individual ownership has a positive and significant effect on accrual earnings management, suggesting that individual ownership is generally linked to more accrual-based earnings manipulation. This positive correlation between accrual earnings management and individual ownership diminishes with increasing firm size. The study recommends, amongst others, that policymakers in OHADA jurisdictions should prioritize the development and implementation of targeted corporate governance frameworks that address ownership structure dynamics and their implications for earnings management practices. JEL: M41 – Accounting, G32 – Financing Policy, Capital and Ownership Structure, C23 – Panel Data Models, G34 – Corporate Governance Article visualizations
INFLUENCE OF ETHNIC DIVERSITY OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS ON FIRM’S CAPITAL STRUCTURE AMONG LISTED FIRMS IN NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA
Get PDFCapital structure decisions are important because they influence the performance of firms. Researchers posit that the new diverse boards are critical in exercising strategic control, tougher monitoring and financial decision making. The specific objective of the study is to examine the effect of the ethnic diversity of the board of directors on a firm’s capital structure. The study adopted a longitudinal design. The study utilized a census technique for 34 firms that are listed on the Nairobi Securities Exchange (NSE) consistently for an 8-year period, 2004–2012, hence giving 272 years of observations. This study utilized secondary data. A documentary guide was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using both descriptive statistical methods, which included mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics to test the linear relationship between variables and multiple regression to test the hypothesis. The study found that ethnic diversity (β3= -0.188, ρ<0.05) of board directors negatively affects capital structure. The study concluded that board diversity was an important determinant of capital structure. Therefore, there was a need to diversify the board of directors in terms of ethnicity and nationality so as to effectively monitor management from adopting excessive leverage. In order to add valuable and diverse expertise that domestic members do not possess, there was a need to enhance national diversity. Article visualizations
TONE, TIMING, AND TURMOIL: HOW FOMC STATEMENTS AFFECTED THE STOCK MARKET DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Get PDFThis study examines how the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) statement tone influenced short-term stock price movements during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior research suggests that hawkish or dovish language can drive market reactions, but this study uses manual sentiment analysis and an event window approach to evaluate tone more precisely. Results show dovish tones aligned with positive stock changes in stable periods, while hawkish tones correlated with market declines. However, during the height of the pandemic, tone effects were less predictable, suggesting that crisis conditions can mute or override typical tone-based impacts. JEL: E52, G14, E58 Article visualizations
ENERGY PRICE FLUCTUATIONS AND ECONOMIC INEQUALITY IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThe study examined the role of energy price fluctuations in widening economic inequality across generations in Nigeria from 1985 to 2023 using data from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin, World Development Indicators, International Energy Agency and Worldwide Governance Indicators (2023) publications. Economic inequality served as the dependent variable, while oil price, gas price, expenditure on social welfare and control of corruption were utilized as the explanatory variables. The Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test was used to ascertain the stationarity of the model, and it was discovered that the variables were integrated at first difference, I(1). Consequently, the Johansen co-integration test was employed to ascertain the long-run relationship of the variables. The results from both the Trace statistics and Max-Eigen statistics showed that there was no co-integration, hence establishing no long-run relationship between energy price fluctuations variables and economic inequality in Nigeria. The econometric diagnostics utilized the GARCH model, and the findings of the study do not provide strong evidence that energy price fluctuations significantly influence economic inequality across generations in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that exploring alternative factors may provide insights into the drivers of economic inequality in Nigeria, even if energy price fluctuations do not show a significant direct impact. JEL: C22, C82, H2, H24, H24 Article visualizations
INVESTIGATING WORKPLACE VIOLENCE REPORTING BEHAVIOUR: STATE OF AFFAIRS AND THE WAY FORWARD
Get PDFWorkplace violence is a global concern, with 20% of workers worldwide experiencing one type in their working life. While many organizations have regulations regarding interpersonal relationships between employees, the script and practice do not align, resulting in an unsafe workplace. This implies staff and generally stakeholder demotivation and demoralization that work against performance and productivity. This paper is the result of a 2024 field study undertaken at Tom Mboya University in Kenya to understand the determinants of workplace violence reporting behaviour among staff. It sought to establish how bureaucracy, organizational culture and personal traits interacted with workplace violence reporting behaviour among staff at the university. The study did a census and combined quantitative and qualitative methods of social investigation, including a survey, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and observation covering the entire university population of 93 members of staff. The findings show that workplace violence at the university is multifaceted, with verbal abuse, threats, intimidation and psychological harassment being the most reported forms. Hence, bureaucracy, organizational culture and personal traits affected staff motivation to report workplace, lending credence to the assertion that the reported cases were just a tip of the iceberg. Consequently, it was concluded that addressing workplace violence in the university required cultural transformation in addition to existing policies. Going forward, recommendations are made to make the workplace not only safer, but also productivity-enhancing. JEL: J28, J81, K31, M14 Article visualizations