Journal of English Language and Literature (JELL)
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The Relationship between Cognitive Reference Point and Target Body: An Analysis of News Cartoons
No full textPrevious studies have proved great explanatory power of the principle of Cognitive Reference Point (CRP) in the analysis of discourses. Less attention is focused on the principle itself. This study explores the relationship between the cognitive reference point and the target body by analyzing a few news cartoons. Findings show that the mapping process of reference point and target body is achieved either in the same field, in the same domain or in different dominions
Theme of time and past of youth in a couple of distinct ways in Summer and Smoke
No full textThe phrase ‘Summer and Smoke’ comes from the Hart Crane’s Poem “Emblems of Conduct”. It is a two part, thirteen scene 1948 play by Tennessee Williams, originally titled “Chart of Anatomy”. The play centers on a highly-strung, unmarried minister’s daughter, Alma Wine miller, and the spiritual sexual romance that nearly blossoms between her and the wild, undisciplined young doctor who grew up next door, Jahn Buchanan. Williams makes clear during the play that Alma means ‘Soul’ in Spanish whereas John represents the ‘Earth’. The play’s end is tragic because both have traded places philosophically. The thing that makes this play so tragic is that John is not a bad guy. John is a damaged Soul, and he is determined to live up to everyone’s horrible opinions of him. Williams focuses on a Stagnant Society that is hostile and unaccommodating to the young. In his play, women who attempt to talk of a higher love or spirituality are often knocked off their self-erected pedestals into the arms of a dominant man. He exposes Society’s double standard where men are expected to sow their wild oats, but if women, the pillars of Society, choose this path, it is viewed as scandalous. As a victim of Society, Alma is overpowered by a man who values only sexual gratification in a relationship
Kimwimbi Women as Mirrored in the Cultural & Social Notions & Expressions
No full textAmong the Mwimbi linguistic group, expressions exist or are used for a variety of purposes including communication and all are geared towards socialization of societal members so as to enable each fit in their expected caliber. In the social context words and expressions have been used by Mwimbi speakers to explicitly devalue women by normally not saying what they mean. The purpose of this study therefore, is to establish the notions expressed by cultural and social beliefs and practices upon which devaluing of women is based. The objective of this paper is to find out the cultural and social notions and expressions used to devalue women in Kimwimbi Language. Halliday's Social Semiotics Theory was used. A qualitative research design was used. Data was collected in Mwimbi in Ganga Ward Maara sub county, Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya. The population includes all the expressions that contribute to devaluing women in Kimwimbi. Speakers of the language were selected through purposive sampling. Data was collected using focus group discussion guides and a semi structured interview guide. The paper established that the Kimwimbi Language uses expressions that are heavily embedded on cultural and social attitudes to devalue women
The effect of podcast on vocabulary learning of elementary EFL students
No full textThe present research which is within the domain of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) will try to show the effect of using podcasting on vocabulary learning of elementary EFL learners. In this experiment, the researcher will go through a pretest-posttest control group design to find out the effect of using podcasts on an experimental group in comparison with a common way of teaching vocabulary in the control group where the teacher presents a list of the same words by writing on the board, repeating and translating them. The participants of this study will be at the elementary level. In order to have relatively the same level of language proficiency, an Oxford Placement test (OPT) is going to be used at the beginning of the research. At the end of the semester (after 2 months), both groups will be examined by the same multiple-choice test to assess their performance on the material. The results will show whether using podcast has any effect in developing knowledge of vocabulary
The Devil's First Advocate
No full textIn this work, I analyze John Milton's Paradise Lost through Milton's use of allegory, allusion, and religious archetypes alike and hypothesize the implications of said techniques of writing as a more synchronistic view held by Milton in this particular work, as Milton never abides by one singular religious context or reference to coinciding cultures of the time, but appears to borrow all at will indiscriminately, as if to hint at a greater connection between each
The Effects of Teacher Motivation as Innovation in Teaching English
No full textInnovative teaching can inspire learning with interest. Teachers are supposed to be very innovative and agents of real change. A teacher’s teaching methodologies should be supple to assimilate new techniques springing up in the realm of teaching in general and in teaching English in particular. A teacher should revise his/her stratagem of delivering his approach to succumb students’ interest in each of the academic sessions. The present study explores how the teacher motivation can enhance the standards of language learning and how innovative effective their interactive approach could be if the theoretical methods of teaching are replaced by practical ones
Incestuous Behavior In Virginia Cleo Andrews’ Flowers In The Attic And Tabitha Suzuma’s Forbidden
No full textoai:jell.techmindresearch.ca:article/521This study aims to give more understanding about incestuous behaviour especially in Virginia Cleo Andrews’ Flowers in the Attic and Tabitha Suzuma’s Forbidden. There are three focuses of the study; they are (1) how incest described in those novels, (2) what the causing factors of incest, and (3) what the impact of it. In answering the first question, incest on its features can be classified into three types; they are based on the offenders, the motivation, and the way of treating. For the second question, this study is analysed trough two parts. The first part is based on the condition before that incest happened and for the second part is based on the psychoanalysis theory by Karen Horney. In her theory, she explains about the childhood experience and neurotic needs that are related in finding the possible causing factors of incest as the focus of this study. Then, for the third question, the possible effects of sibling incest such as; trauma, isolated on social sanction, sexual aversion disorder, and other psychological problems. The result of this study has been found that sibling incest which is happened in those novels is driven by both sides of the offenders. What they do are on their mutual desire and willingness. And the dysfunctional family that they face also really influences their psychology. In Forbidden, it is found that there are two motivations that influence Lochan and Maya to do sibling incest, they are; affection and aggression while in Flowers in the Attic, there are three motivations that are found, they are; affection, eroticism and aggression. For the second question, this research reveals that there are three causing factors of sibling incest that are happened in both novels, they are; dysfunctional family, between age peers, and law of homogamy. Not only that, from the findings, it is also found that all of the offenders experienced the child abuse and neglect in their childhood. They also get the emotional maltreatment from their parents. Their childhood experiences then shape their personality and it deals with the psychological problems which are influenced by the neurotic needs that they seek. The third question is about the impact of sibling incest towards the offenders’ life. And it is found that all of the offenders blame themselves for everything that has happened in their lives, even one of those offenders Lochan decides to commit suicid
Heredity a Revisited Theme in Henrik Ibsen’s ‘A Doll House’ & ‘Ghosts’
No full textThe aim of this paper is mainly focused through the quotation ‘sins of the father are visited upon the son’ the researchers used the critical analytical method to highlight the theme of heredity in Ibsen selected plays. The analysis of the theme showed that the heredity is not only portrayed in the plays but it has traces from his personal life. The fear of becoming like his father very much influences the theme of heredity in the plays.The paper also attempts to link the inheritance theme to the Ibsen’s life. The researchers focused on the Naturalism movement as ground for the reading of the influence it had on the author and its clear significance into the following events of the plays. Light is shed upon the saying ‘sins of the father’s’ for its clear relation to Oswald state
Exploring the English Achievement Assessment of Junior High School Students
No full textIn the past years, most traditional item analysis only analyses difficulty and discrimination of each item, and test analysis only analyses overall test reliability and validity. As a result, EFL educators are lack of information on students’ response data for both students’ learning styles and item types in test questions preparation. Thus, the study presents the various item types of the English achievement assessment of Junior High School Students in Taiwan, and illustrates the various learning styles of the EFL students. The participants were randomly selected from one thousand four hundred and forty two junior high school students, who participated in Taiwan Assessment of Student Achievement in Junior High School English (TASA) held by National Academy for Educational Research (NAER). The data was analyzed based on the dichotomous scoring and the Student-Problem Chart Analysis. The result of Caution Index for Students shows that high achievement students account for one third of the sample students. However, the other students were classified as learning abnormality, inattention learning, and lack of learning adequateness, insufficiency learning, and lack of academic ability. Also, the result of caution index for problems shows that the test items of English Achievement Assessment were capable of measuring the English achievements of junior high school student and it also can differentiate high achievers from the low achiever in Taiwan. To improve the further test question preparation, only partial revisions are suggested for National Academy for Educational Research (NAER)
Performance and difficulties in English language macro-skills by freshman students in selected colleges in Bacgiang City, Vietnam
No full textKnowledge in four macro-skills (i.e., listening, speaking, reading, and writing) are needed by learners for effective communication. The consistent search for improvement on these macro-skills helps promote self-development, effective communication and success in many different environments and context. Learners are motivated by opportunities that may come during learning of macro-skills which in turn allow the skills to subconsciously grow and develop naturally within the learner. This study aims to evaluate the performance and difficulties in English language macro-skills of freshmen Vietnamese students in selected Colleges in Bacgiang City. It made use of the descriptive method of research. The subjects of the study are 299 first year college students taking up basic English course in the three colleges in Bacgiang namely: Ngo Gia Tu College, Industry and Technology College and Vocational College. The data gathering instrument used is a teacher-made test. Results of the study showed that the level of students’ performance in the macro-skills of reading, writing, listening and speaking were all average. There were significant differences in the students’ performance among the macro-skills indicating non-relatedness of the macro-skills to each other. Students encountered difficulties in comprehension for macro-skills in reading and listening; while sharpening writing skill is the difficulty encountered for the macro-skill in writing; and pronunciation for the macro-skill in speaking. The most serious among the difficulties in macro-skills are those that pertain to comprehension both in reading and listening. The findings of the study suggest that English teachers have to be encouraged to provide more language exercises for their students to improve their language deficiencies; intervention measures must be developed based on the language deficiencies identified; similar studies on English language macro-skills will have to be conducted in universities to determine their students’ language performance and difficulties