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The Association between Acculturation and Depression among Latino Immigrants: A Secondary Data Analysis of NHANES
No full textBackground: The growing Latino immigrant population in the U.S. has sparked interest in understanding their mental health, particularly depression. This study examines the relationship between acculturation and depression among Latino immigrants.Methods: Using data from the 2017-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), this study assessed depression among 1,369 Latino immigrants aged 20-80 years. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), categorizing severity as none-minimal (0-4), mild (5-9), moderate (10-14), moderately severe (15-19), and severe (20-27). Logistic regression models analyzed the association between depression (moderate/severe vs. none/mild) and factors like age, gender, marital status, income, insurance, country of birth, and acculturation (length of U.S. residency and primary language spoken at home). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.Results: Among the 1,369 participants (48.28% males; 51.72% females), depression severity was: none-minimal (72.90%), mild (17.75%), moderate (6.28%), moderately severe (2.26%), and severe (0.80%). Being female was significantly associated with higher odds of depression (aOR=1.964; 95%CI=1.318-2.927; p=0.0009). Widowed/divorced/separated individuals had higher odds in univariate analysis (OR=1.874; 95%CI=1.173-2.994; p=0.0086), but not in multivariable analysis (aOR=1.303; 95%CI=0.678-2.502; p=0.4267). Living below the poverty line showed higher odds in both univariate (OR=1.406; 95%CI=0.959-2.062; p=0.0809) and multivariable analyses (aOR=1.443; 95%CI=0.934-2.232; p=0.0987). Higher education levels were associated with reduced odds of depression in multivariable analysis (aOR=0.587; 95%CI=0.358-1.023; p=0.0348). Acculturation measures were not statistically significant predictors.Conclusions: Gender, marital status, and income significantly impact depression among Latino immigrants. Acculturation factors showed trends but were not statistically significant. </p
Lalovavi: An Afrofuturist Grand Opera (Examining the Composition Process by Comparing Two Versions of Act 1)
No full textLalovavi is a grand opera for a cast of ten principal roles, chorus, and symphony orchestra. In this doctoral essay, I will be comparing two different versions of the first act of Lalovavi. Commissioned by Cincinnati Opera, the libretto underwent significant edits in the development process. This changed most of the plot points and lyrics of the original story, necessitating similar changes to the original score. Previously set in the year 2119, the story is now set in the year 2425. It follows the journey of Persephone, the daughter of Titan Musan, the reigning Primus of Atlas (formerly Atlanta, Georgia). Persephone is betrayed by her family and leaves everything she knows behind when it is discovered she has the key to everlasting life in her blood. Guided by a mysterious nightmare, she must run for her life in an epic adventure that leads to her true destiny. The musical style of Lalovavi focuses primarily on contemporary classical techniques, while the production itself will have an Afrofuturist theme. The libretto utilizes English and Tut, a secret language that was spoken by enslaved peoples in the 1800s and passed down through generations to modern times. Lalovavi is the Tut word for love.</p
Overturning Circulation of the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre Computed in Density Coordinates at 26°N
No full textThe RAPID‐MOCHA‐WBTS array in the subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic has measured the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and the overturning streamfunction in depth coordinates since 2004. Here we show that the overturning streamfunction in density coordinates can be estimated by combining data from the RAPID‐MOCHA‐WBTS array with repeated shipboard measurements from the Florida Straits and Argo data. The streamfunction in density coordinates highlights the shallow overturning cell associated with the subtropical gyre circulation, a feature that is obscured in depth coordinates. The AMOC calculated in density space is slightly greater than in depth space, but the variability of the time series are very similar with differences occurring when the streamfunction maximum occasionally switches from the main overturning cell to the shallow cell. Plain Language Summary The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a large system of ocean currents in the Atlantic Ocean that transports warm water northward near the surface and returns colder, deeper water southward. As such, it plays an important role in global and regional variability. In this paper we compare two different calculations of the AMOC, one is determined from the distribution of ocean currents with depth in the ocean and the other analyses the distribution of ocean currents according to the density of sea water. The results of the two analyses are similar, but the use of density reveals aspects of the circulation within the subtropical ocean that are obscured when depth is used. Key Points A method for calculating overturning circulation in density coordinates from the data available at 26°N is presented Use of density coordinates highlights the shallow cell associated with overturning in the subtropical gyre The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation calculated in density space is slightly greater than in depth space, but the time series are very simila
Prospective monitoring of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (BCR) using prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) imaging: 21-month follow-up
No full text37Background: The use of PSMA imaging is impacting the management of BCR, but it remains unclear if treatment escalation is required for PSMA+ BCR. While patients (pts) at the highest risk of death from prostate cancer (e.g. PSA Doubling Time (DT) less than 6 months) may benefit from therapy, the majority of BCR pts will not die of prostate cancer. Longitudinal data pf PSMA+ BCR is required to better understand risk stratification for PSMA+ BCR. Methods: NCT05588128 enrolls BCR pts after definitive therapy +/- salvage options. Pts are required to have a PSA>0.5 ng/ml, negative bone scan and computed tomography (CT; lymph nodes (LNs) up to 1.5 cm are permitted.) Prior therapies are permitted as long as testosterone>100 ng/dL. If initial PSMA scan is positive, PSMA scan is repeated every 6 months, but annually if negative. While on-study, patients may have systemic therapy for less than 6 month intervals and radiation (RT) is permitted. Results: 129 patients are evaluable with a median potential follow-up of 21.75 months (mos). Median baseline age=71 years, PSA=2.3 ng/ml and PSA DT=11.0 mos but 35% have PSA DT <6 mos. At baseline 23 pts (18%) had negative PSMA, 22 (17%) had prostate only findings, 24 (19%) had 1 LN, 9 (7%) had 2-3 LNs and 33 (26%) had 4+ LNs. Also, 19 pts (15%) had bone findings, 4 (3%) had PSMA+ serosal lesions and 1pt had PSMA+ pulmonary nodule. During the course of follow-up, 28 pts elected androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)-sparing NCI protocols, 1 pt had ADT, 1 pt had salvage RT, and 7 had RT to PSMA+ finding(s). Of 107 pts with PSMA+ findings, only 4 (3.7%) had developed metastasis on CT/bone scan with a median f/u of 21.75 mos. Conclusions: Most patients with BCR will not die of prostate cancer and it remains unclear how PSMA imaging will help risk stratify pts. This ongoing study demonstrates that with nearly 2 years of median follow-up, the risk of metastatic progression on CT or bone scan remains low even if patients have PSMA+ findings at baseline. These data do not support using PSMA imaging as the sole criteria to initiate therapy for BCR pts including those with numerous PSMA findings. This study continues to accrue patients at the National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. Clinical trial information: NCT05588128
Development of the Multidimensional Inventory of Cultural Stress Measure for Hispanic/Latine Adolescents
No full textThe present study provides preliminary evidence for validity of the Multidimensional Inventory of Cultural Stress (MICS), a measure of cultural stress developed to expand existing conceptualizations of cultural stress. The participants were 309 Hispanic/Latine adolescents (60.2% female; Mage= 15.30 years). Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) revealed a four-factor solution: exclusionary political climate (i.e., perception of anti-immigrant and xenophobic rhetoric), Spanish criticism (i.e., experiences of being criticized for Spanish proficiency), within-group discrimination (i.e., experiences of being bullied/discriminated against for being too enculturated), and language brokering (i.e., experiences with having to translate for parents). Moreover, whereas exclusionary political climate was positively associated with alcohol use and symptoms of anxiety, Spanish criticism was negatively associated with self-esteem and positively associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety. These findings expand our current conceptualization of cultural stress and provide further guidance regarding how cultural stress impacts adjustment.</p
Changes in Glutathione Metabolites and Reactive Oxygen Species from Baseline to Post-Treatment in Breast Cancer Survivors with Psychoneurological Symptoms Receiving Acupuncture
No full textNon-cancer mortality among firefighters: a meta-analytic review of heart disease, stroke, respiratory disease, liver disease, accidents, and suicide
Get PDFIn Response to GERD and Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textPaediatric Mirizzi syndrome managed with laparoscopic, transcystic bile duct exploration and intraoperative ERCP
No full textA female of middle childhood age presented with obstructive jaundice and was diagnosed with Mirizzi syndrome via magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. She underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiography, which confirmed external common hepatic ductal compression by an impacted gallstone. In the same operative event, transcystic common bile duct exploration and intraoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with biliary stent placement were performed to achieve definitive stone clearance. This single-stage approach avoided repeat general anaesthesia and the need for delayed ERCP. The patient experienced transient postoperative fever but recovered well without further intervention. The stent was successfully removed 45 days postoperatively, with follow-up ERCP confirming resolution of biliary obstruction. This case highlights the feasibility and advantages of combining advanced endoscopic and surgical techniques to optimise management of paediatric Mirizzi syndrome in a single event. Referral to centres and surgeon familiarity with advanced surgical endoscopy is recommended for optimal care in paediatric patients with complex biliary pathology
Modified Osteotomies for Wing and Mini-Wing Genioplasty
No full textPatients with chin deficiency secondary to dentofacial deformity often present with aesthetic and functional complaints. Treatment of such deficiencies with conventional genioplasty may be limited when broader modification of the mandibular basilar contour is required. This retrospective case series reports the clinical and radiographic outcomes of 9 patients treated with wing (n = 8) or mini-wing (n = 1) genioplasty for anteroposterior and/or vertical chin deficiency, mandibular asymmetry, syndromic deformities, post-traumatic sequelae, or airway-related complaints. Wing osteotomy was indicated for the correction of the mandibular body and angle, whereas mini-wing osteotomy was reserved for deformities confined to the chin. Procedures were performed in combination with orthognathic surgery when indicated (n = 6). All patients demonstrated improved chin projection, mandibular contour, and lower facial harmony, with the additional benefits of transverse widening of the mandibular body, enhanced cervicomandibular angle definition, and improved symmetry. In one patient with obstructive sleep apnea, postoperative imaging showed enlargement of the pharyngeal airway space. Stable outcomes were maintained over the follow-up period (mean: 4.3 years; range: 1-9 years). Wing and mini-wing osteotomies represent reliable extensions of conventional genioplasty, allowing comprehensive modification of the mandibular basilar contour