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Strengthening JOSA A—our new topical editors in action: editorial
No full textEditor-in-Chief Olga Korotkova summarizes the Journal’s progress in 2025, recognizes editors who have completed their terms, and introduces editors who have recently joined the board
Critical Communication Research with Global Inclusivity
No full textCritical Communication Research with Global Inclusivity provides a critical lens through which to prepare, engage and read communication research methods.
Inviting new and innovative perspectives that question the status quo and push the boundaries of knowledge production, the book begins with the premise of global inclusivity, intentionally correcting the power imbalance of research conducted by those in areas of privilege against those in conditions of marginality. Building on emerging research on and from the Global South, this book echoes a growing need to interested students and scholars, not only to advance the subject of this work, but also to strengthen communication scholarship overall. Inspired by knowledge formed through feminist, critical and postcolonial perspectives, the book questions the imbalance of our knowledge production and suggests avenues for improvement.
Accompanying scholars in their negotiating processes to conduct research in non-Western contexts and supporting graduate and postgraduate students in research that does not conform to the standards developed in Western academic cultures, this volume will be of interest to those working in intercultural communication, interpersonal communication, research methods in communication, critical communication studies and journalism, as well as those from adjacent fields such as political studies, anthropology, sociology and area studies
Laugh Hard at the Absurdly Evil: Humor as Cultural Technology
No full textHumor is weird; Richard Pryor used humor to challenge racist stereotypes, while the neighborhood bully uses derisive laughter to enforce their superiority. Philosophers generally define humor as the emotion of comic amusement. However, humor is not only a source of amusement, but also a communicative tool that we can use to do things we couldn’t do, or do as effectively, with explicit or literal speech. For example, a caregiver may playfully tease a child that, “if you keep making that face it’ll stick that way” because they are frustrated, at the same time the tease functions to reinforce expectations regarding appropriate behavior. I introduce an alternative model of humor as a discursive tool for revealing, reinforcing, and challenging social norms and show how my account captures important cultural dimensions of humor that escape philosophical accounts that identify humor as comic amusement. I then use my model to argue that humor serves as an active component in both perpetuating and challenging oppressive social practices, not merely as a psychological response to them.</p
Impact of Fluid-Induced Pore Geometry Alteration on Acoustic Velocity in Carbonate Rocks
No full textEvaluation of native macroalgae species of the Southeast U.S. and Caribbean for use in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA)
No full textThis study assessed the comparative performance of candidate marine macroalgae species under integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) culture conditions in a system culturing yellowtail snapper (Ocyurus chrysurus) at a commercial-scale biomass density. The nutrient-rich effluent water from the marine finfish culture tank supplied replicated macroalgae raceways containing four candidate species of macroalgae (Agardhiella subulata, Caulerpa racemosa, Gracilaria caudata, and Ulva lactuca) native to the Southeast U.S. and Caribbean regions. Water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), salinity, alkalinity, pH, phosphate, and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) readings were sampled daily, and dissolved CO2 was calculated over the course of the trials. Each species of macroalgae was analyzed for protein, fat, fiber, ash, minerals, and metals. Additionally, the carbon and nitrogen content and stable isotope ratios of the nutritionally enriched (i.e., “fortified”) macroalgae (“seaweed”) species were analyzed. Results provide novel insights on macroalgae biomass levels under specific hydraulic retention times (HRT) that allow for the reduction of TAN levels in fish effluent water below detectable levels. Specifically, Agardhiella subulata at a density of 6.73 kg m−3, lowered TAN levels in fish effluent water below detectable limits under a hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 54 min from average starting concentrations of 0.04 mg/L TAN. Compositional analyses indicated Caulerpa racemosa had the highest protein content (25.49%) and Ulva lactuca had the highest carbohydrate content (61.48%) of the macroalgae species tested. Calculated dissolved CO₂ concentrations of effluent water before and after the macroalgae culture tanks and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of macroalgae samples indicated that Ulva lactuca up took and incorporated carbon most efficiently. The results of this project provide novel information that will help improve economic and environmental sustainability for existing and prospective marine finfish aquaculture operations throughout the focal regions and allow producers to make well-informed decisions on candidate species of macroalgae for marine IMTA applications
A study on the structural arrangements and compositional changes in laser-stabilized metastable AlOx/C nanocomposites
No full textAmorphous metal oxides hold promising and yet, untapped potential as new classes of functional engineering materials due to their long-range disordered structures. While such disruptive features are alluring, fundamental understanding of structure–composition properties during their disorder-to-order transitions hold the key to their rational design as novel functional materials. Recently, we employed laser ablation synthesis in solution (LASiS) to kinetically entrap amorphous and metastable Al-oxide (a-AlOx) nanostructures with non-stoichiometric compositions (x ∼ 2.5–3.0) that indicated remarkable stability from carbon interfaces. In this work we provide detailed insights into thermally induced phase change characteristics and structural evolution of these highly disordered a-AlOx/C nanocomposites (NCs) using Atomic Pair Distribution Function (PDF) analyses from X-ray scattering experiments. Our results indicate that the ultra-small AlOx nanostructures evolve from highly disordered to low-order polycrystalline structures while undergoing Al–O bond re-arrangements indicating coordination shifts during each step of high-temperature (>500–800 °C) phase transition. We also demonstrate our ability to tailor the composition (x = O/Al ratio) and percentage crystallinity in these NCs by varying the laser flux within accessible ranges by comparing two discrete nanosecond pulse durations (5 ns and 9 ns) during LASiS; this paves the path for ability to regulate their energy release and trapped oxidative gas contents in their design as solid-state phase change materials (SS-PCMs) in energetic applications. These studies provide critical insights into the stability and structural bond re-arrangements in metastable a-AlOx/C NCs undergoing disorder-to-order transitions during high temperature isothermal phase change processes. Such studies pave a novel path for the future design and development of advanced SS-PCM based energetic additives as intrinsic initiators/oxidizers in next-generation solid propellant formulations. X-ray PDF tracks disorder-to-order evolution in oxygen-rich metastable AlOx/C nanocomposites; laser flux (fluence/pulse duration) governs O/Al in metastable AlOx/C nanocomposites
Inter-fraction monitoring of brain metastases resection cavities during fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery on the 0.35 T MRI-Linac
No full textAssociations Between Sustained Methamphetamine/Amphetamine Use and Left Ventricular Dysfunction in a Cohort of Women Living With and Without HIV
No full textSubstance use is associated with cardiac disease, and women with HIV have a disproportionately high prevalence of substance use. However, the extent to which ongoing use of multiple substances relates to specific cardiovascular conditions in women with HIV and sociodemographically similar women without HIV ("at risk for HIV") remains understudied.We measured left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), conditions that precede clinical heart failure, among 1651 participants of the multisite WIHS (Women's Interagency HIV Study). Using standardized echocardiography, we determined associations between the use of substances (stimulants, opioids, tobacco, alcohol, sedatives) reported at ≥2 biannual visits ("sustained use") and left ventricular dysfunction. LVSD was defined as left ventricular ejection fraction <54%, and LVDD was considered in the absence of LVSD.Most participants (75%) identified as non-Hispanic Black, the average age was 49 years, 70% had HIV, and 4.9% had LVSD. In adjusted analysis, none of the sustained substance use categories were significantly associated with LVSD. Among women without LVSD, 6.6% had LVDD. The adjusted odds of LVDD were 6.82 times higher (95% CI, 5.47-8.50) among women with sustained methamphetamine/amphetamine use. Among women with HIV only, the adjusted odds for methamphetamine/amphetamine were 5.31 (95% CI, 4.21-6.70), and adjusted odds for cigarette use were 1.87 (95% CI, 1.39-2.52).In this national sample of women with and without HIV, sustained methamphetamine/amphetamine use had an especially strong association with LVDD that was independent of cigarette use. Routine assessment of methamphetamine/amphetamine use in vulnerable women may improve heart failure risk assessment
Staff Perspectives on Implementation of Long-Acting Injectable Preexposure Prophylaxis at a Low-Barrier Syringe Services Program in Philadelphia, PA
No full textIntroductionLong-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising HIV prevention tool for people who inject drugs (PWID), who face elevated HIV risk and barriers to care. While acceptable to PWID, CAB-LA implementation in low-barrier syringe services programs (SSPs) has not been examined.MethodsFrom August 2023 to July 2025, we conducted semistructured interviews with 12 SSP staff involved in CAB-LA delivery. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.ResultsFacilitators included CAB-LA's relative advantage over oral PrEP, external technical support, 340B pharmacy revenue, alignment with SSP mission and workflows, motivated staff, and financial incentives. Barriers included lack of FDA approval for PWID, complex logistics, performance pressures, infrastructure constraints, competing priorities, staff workload, and client outreach and engagement.ConclusionIntegrating CAB-LA into SSPs is promising, but successful implementation requires targeted strategies, including additional resources, workflow adaptations, and enhanced outreach