Marine Research in Indonesia (MRI - E-Journal)
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OCCURRENCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF MOLLUSCA FAMILY TROCHIDAE AT BADI ISLAND SW-SULAWESI INDONESIA
No full textThe occurrence and distribution of family trochidae at Badi Island, Spermonde Archipelago off SW-Sulawesi has been studied. The line transect with combination of quadrant method was used during sampling. A transect covering 400 m' of sampling area was applied at 1, 3,5, and 7 m depth, respectively. Parameters such as shell length and size-class distribution were observed. Ecological parameters were also recorded during investigation. We found the presence of 11 species of trochidae at the study area. It was evident that some trochidae were common and while top shell Trochus niloticus seems to be rare. Vertical distribution among this group was uneven. The number of species decreases with increasing depth. Furthermore, high density of smaller trocha occurred at shallow water followed by a decline with changes in depth.
DEMERSAL FISHING ANALYSIS OF KUPANG BAY
No full textStudy on demersal fish in Kupang bay was carried for 6 months, from July 2002 to December 2002. Sampling was conducted twice a month at the ten-selected locations within the bay using different fishing gears such as gill net, bottom logline, hand line and traps. Fishes caught were stored in a icebox and transferred to the laboratory of the Fisheries Faculty of Artha Wacana Christian University, Kupang for further identification. Similarity index of fish species of the study sites was analyzed using non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) of the matrix Bray Curtis similarity. A computer program PRIMER was used to perform the analysis. The result shows that there are 56 species (total catch 890 fishes) found during this study and their similarity index revealed three groups of study sites. Interestingly, it seems that these species remained to have some strong association with the existing ecosystem.
MARINE BIODIVERSITY OF INDONESIA: LARVAL FISH PERSPECTIVE
No full textMarine life of Indonesia is very well known as a high diversity according to Ekman's hyphothesis. However, from the larva fish perspectives, this hypothesis seems to be rejected according to the comparative results of larval fish studies during the Snellius Expedition (1984-1985) in Banda Sea and the larval fish observation related to the East Australian Current (1998-1999) off New South Wales coast in Australian waters. Larval fish diversity from some previous studies over the world is also included. Several suggestions are also recommended to enhance our knowledge in marine biodiversity including improvement in marine biodiversity observation such as, research programs, field and laboratory facilities and numbers of taxonomists, and also collaborative works among research institutes, universities, and non-governmental organizations
GROWTH OF JUVENILE GREEN SNAIL (Turbo marmoratus) CULTURED IN CAGES PLACED AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS
No full textThis research was part of successive studies on culture techniques of juvenile green snail (Turbo marmoratus). This study was carried out for 14 weeks in coastal waters of Morella, Ambon Island. Three cages were placed at depths of 0 m, 4 m and 8 m below mean sea level. Each cage had a bottom area of 0.81 m2 and was stocked with 20 green snail juveniles of 40-50 mm shell diameter. During the first 4 weeks, juveniles reared at 0 m deep showed lowest instantaneous growth, while those reared at 8 m deep attained highest instantaneous growth. The instantaneous growth decreased significantly over 6 weeks for juveniles reared at 4 m and 8 m deeps. Over 14 weeks, juveniles reared at 8 m deep had higher daily growth than those at 0 m deep. It is recommended that to grow green snail juveniles at 8 m deep without any food complement, the substrates (coral nibbles) in the cages need to be renewed every 4 weeks with ones covered with microalgae
LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDONESIAN BLUE SWIMMING CRAB, PORTUNUS PELAGICUS (L) (CRUSTACEA : DECAPODA : PORTUNIDAE) REARED IN THE LABORATORY
No full textA number of 137,870 freshly hatched larvae of Portunus pelagicus (L) were reared in one thousand litre container. The combination of Brachionus plicatilis and newly hatched nauplii of Artemia salina were fed to the larvae. The number of megalopa obtained was only 277. Ecological factor such as temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen were recorded. The effect of different food sources of the previous authors are compared. The detail description of the four zoeal stages and one megalopal stage are made and figured with emphasis on the number and type of setae on each appendages. A pattern of zoeal chromatophores is also sketched and described
CURRENTS AND MIXING ON THE SILL OF AMBON BAY MEASURED WITH DROGUES
No full textCurrents and mixing properties on the sill of Ambon Bay were measured with drogues. Current speed of 0.62 m/sec was observed. A mixing model suggests material released on the sill would decrease by a factor of 2 x 104 in one hour. Drogue construction and data reduction methods are described
THE SEMIDIURNAL M2 TIDE IN THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN WATERS
No full textThe semidiurnal tides of the Pacific and Indian Oceans penetrate deeply into the Southeast Asian waters. The tides of the Pacific Ocean govern the whole of the China Sea, the Philippines waters and the Sulawesi Sea while the tides of the Indian Ocean govern the Timor Sea, the Banda Sea, the Andaman Sea and the Malacca Strait. The Maluku Sea, the Makassar Strait and the Java Sea are the boundary region between tides from the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In the Java Sea the semidiurnal tide is produced mainly by the tide from the Indian Ocean. At the boundary region, the amplitudes are generally very small. As an example of a boundary region, the tides of the Sunda Strait are considered in some detail. An analytical solution of two overlapping standing waves, one wave resulting from open mouth reflection of a wave incident from the Indian Ocean and the other standing wave from open mouth reflection of a wave incident from the Java Sea, adequately describe the M2 tide in the Sunda Strait
HEAVY METAL CONTENT IN SOME SEAFOODS COLLECTED FROM MUARA ANGKE FISH AUCTION PLACE, JAKARTA.
No full textDetermination of heavy metal content (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu, Cr, Zn) in some seafoods collected from Muara Angke Fish Auction Place were carried out during February to July 1979. The results showed that Zn content in seafoods a nalyzed was always much higher than the other heavy metals. The concentration levels of the six heavy metals observed were low. It is almost of the same level as the metal concentration of other seafoods observed in various parts of the world oceans, but still lower than the maximum standard set for human consumption as established by Tasmania, Australia and World Health Organization. The mean per capita consumption of fish in Jakarta is only about 165 g per week, while the Provisional Tolerated Weekly Intake for Hg, set by WHO/FAO at 300 ug level, would be attained by consuming 1500 g Rastrelliger sp., or 698 gPenaeus setiferus, or 545 g Sepia sp., and or 1250 g Pecten sp. Therefore, at present the level of metal content in fishes sold at TPI Muara Angke can be considered as not dangerous to human health as long as these quantities are not surpassed
ADAPTATIONS OF DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS TO LIFE IN MANGROVE SWAMPS
No full textDecapod crustaceans such as sesarmid and ocypodid crabs and thalassinid lobsters are conspicuous in numbers and bio mass on the mangrove swamp floor. An understanding of their biology and physiology is concomitant with a full understanding of their role in swamp ecology and management and for controlling them when they are pests or for augmenting their usefulness. The swamp environment of decapods is essentially a moist, low oxygen (in standing water), very broad intertidal habitat with an abundant food source available in angiosperm tissue. Present knowledge of the biology of mangrove decapods will be briefly summarized, such as feeding, respiratory, reproductive and behavioural adaptations, and including reports on feeding by Chiromanthes spp. in Malaysian swamps. In addition, the paper will attempt to identify fruitful areas for physiological and ecological research such as metabolic adaptations to angiosperm diet
ON THE CULTIVATION OF CAULERPA RACEMOSA VAR. OCCIDENTALIS IN THE PHILIPPINES AND SOME ASPECTS OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY
No full textCaulerpa racemosa, a benthic siphonaceous algae has its natural habitat in the sublittoral zone of tropical areas. In the Philippines, since a few years, it is cultivated on commercial scale in flooded ponds in the intertidal mangrove zone. Unlike in their natural habitats, Caulerpa in these ponds is subjected to sometimes considerable changes in salinity (rain, evaporation, tem-perature and light (Insolation), and in pH). The response of Caulerpa to these factors and the comparison of the ecological conditions, both in the natural habitats and the cultured ponds have been investigated.
The experiments showed that the observed changes of the studied parameters normally range within the physiological limits of Caulerpa. Under extreme conditions, however, detri-mental effects can occur. Ways of controlling such factors are discussed