Electronic Communications of the EASST (European Association of Software Science and Technology)
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DSL-based Interoperability and Integration in the Smart Manufacturing Digital Thread
Full text linkIn the industry 4.0 ecosystem, a Digital Thread connects the data and processes for smarter manufacturing. It provides an end to end integration of the various digital entities thus fostering interoperability, with the aim to design and deliver complex and heterogeneous interconnected systems. We develop a service oriented domain specific Digital Thread platform in a Smart Manufacturing research and prototyping context. We address the principles, architecture and individual aspects of a growing Digital Thread platform. It conforms to the best practices of coordination languages, integration and interoperability of external services from various platforms, and provides orchestration in a formal methods based, low-code and graphical model driven fashion. We chose the Cinco products DIME and Pyrus as the underlying IT platforms for our Digital Thread solution to serve the needs of the applications addressed: manufacturing analytics and predictive maintenance are in fact core capabilities for the success of smart manufacturing operations. In this regard, we extend the capabilities of these two platforms in the vertical domains of data persistence, IoT connectivity and analytics, to support the basic operations of smart manufacturing. External native DSLs provide the data and capability integrations through families of SIBs. The small examples constitute blueprints for the methodology, addressing the knowledge, terminology and concerns of domain stakeholders. Over time, we expect reuse to increase, reducing the new integration and development effort to a progressively smaller portion of the models and code needed for at least the most standard application
Asking Why: Towards Conscious Decision-making in times of VUCA
Full text linkTo ensure an organization’s long-term success in times of vulnerability, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity it is fundamental that organizations focus on continuous adaptation. The key to success is to understand why to adapt and what to achieve to ensure that all initiatives and measures achieve new internal and/or external value for the organization. Today, digitalization gets simultaneously perceived as threat and opportunity. One problem is that digitalization is not clearly defined and thus intangible. However, established organizations must be careful to not mistake digitalization as a goal in itself. Just adopting IT-tools does not lead to success. Thus, the from Digital Vagueness to Aligned, Lifelong Understanding and Evaluation Canvas (Digital V ALUE Canvas) aims to support and guide organizations in identifying, designing and implementing value-driven solutions. To ensure the value proposition’s uniqueness and competitiveness it is key that it is built on the organization’s strengths and enabled by today’s digital possibilities
Automating the referral pathways for Multiple Myeloma through a Web Application and XMDD
Full text linkMultiple Myeloma (MM), a type of bone marrow cancer, is diagnosed by measuring monoclonal proteins, paraproteins (PP), and serum-free light chains (SFLC) in the blood. These proteins can be detected in healthy individuals at a lower level. This condition is called Monoclonal Gammopathy of Uncertain Significance (MGUS). MGUS is associated with a risk of progression to MM at a rate of 1-2% per year. Early diagnosis of MM correlates with improved overall survival for patients, so early referral of suspect cases is important. Two risk factors determine the risk of progression: a high-level PP (>15g/l) and an abnormal SFLC ratio. This risk stratification process enables General Practitioners (essentially, the family doctors) to manage the patients with low-risk MGUS and provides clear referral pathways for intermediate and high-risk MGUS patients. There are a reference algorithm and a scoring system for patient referrals with possible Multiple Myeloma, that in the current practice are processed manually by trained healthcare staff. In collaboration with the Haematology experts at the University Hospital Limerick and the SCCE group in Computer Science, we designed and implemented a software application that improves and streamlines the current process. This (online) application is developed with modern XMDD technology, using the DIME low-code application development tool. The application faithfully maps the reference algorithm in an automated way and applies it to a consultation data-set. The novelty consists in the adopted technologies, that improve the early validation and correctness of the software, and ease the human understanding and the modification turnaround of the application
The Qualitative background of why a DSL knowledge based platform is needed in the context of Sustainability
Full text linkWith reference to Smart Manufacturing and Industry 4.0 in general, a Digital Thread connects the data and processes for smarter products, smarter production, and smarter integrated ecosystems. While the tangible goods (products and production lines) are understood as needing a Digital Twin as an executable model, i.e. an in-silico entity on which to virtually explore design, production, quality, and lifetime maintenance, the immaterial goods like software and analytics artefacts are not yet treated on par. For the new Digital Thread paradigm to enter the mainstream, models need to be coupled with AI, ML and Data Analytics capabilities, to provide an integrated platform for automatic transformations, generations, and analyses that take advantage of the formalized knowledge about the immaterial and material entities. The formalized knowledge needs to include a variety of models together with Domain Specific Languages that use semantic types at their core. The objective of this overall work is to develop a service-oriented Domain Specific Language (DSL) platform for knowledge management (KM-DSL) especially concerning sustainability and risk management, and then apply it in the context of the Digital Thread platform and demonstrators currently under development in the research group. The KM-DSL is the basis for the design of the smart and aligned processes and workflows that will describe and characterize the collaboration of humans and machines in the future advanced production environments. This paper will examine two strands of that work looking at business logic and understanding along with knowledge harvesting that concentrate on two case studies that will underpin future research to create the aforementioned DSL platform for knowledge management
Supporting Ethical Decisions in Wearable Technology with Deontic Logic: A Brief Introduction
Full text linkThe purpose of this article is to give a small introduction of deontic logicin the world of wearable technology and show how we hope deontic logic couldbe used to address some of the issues concerning both the users and the developers of wearable technology by providing ethical frameworks expressed in formal logic. We begin by presenting a short overview of what we view as major issues concerning wearable technology. After a brief introduction to deontic logic, we show how deontic logic might be helpful towards addressing the concerns we have presented. Finally, we give a small, introductory application of deontic logic, showing exactly how it can be used to address one of these issues regarding wearable technology with a concrete example
Synthesis of smart manufacturing environments. Towards evolvable robotic navigation scenarios.
No full textSmart manufacturing contexts have been experiencing an increasing complexity over the years, leveraged by higher computational power (CPU/GPU), increasing speed connections (5G/6G), AI transformation from use case to mass adoption and robotic systems enhancements. Research has been focusing on architectural issues to improve disposition of the components involved within a smart manufacturing scenario and find the most effective configuration to provide the most efficient production environment. \\We introduce in this paper an improved version for the "maze generator", the navigation scenario generator uses a machine learning approach from the Evolutionary Computing branch called Grammatical Evolution (GE) to automatically generate different scenarios with different configurations. In this context, GE takes advantage of a BNF grammar (rules describing the experiment) to define the search space, and genetic operations (crossover, mutation, selection, etc) to provide novelty to the solutions found. This not only enable the possibility to test autonomy, self-sufficiency and performance on a simplified model, but also to determine levels of difficulty to test the simulated navigation model under specific conditions
“Vehicular Steganography”?: Opportunities and Challenges
Full text linkWhat if an autonomous vehicle (AV) could secretly warn of potentialthreats? “Steganography”, the hiding of messages, is a vital way for vulnerable populationsto communicate securely and get help. Here, we shine light on the conceptof vehicular steganography (VS) using a speculative approach: We identify somekey scenarios, highlighting unique challenges that arise from indirect perception,message generation, and effects of perspective–as well as potential carrier signalsand message generation considerations. One observation is that, despite challengesto transmission rates and robustness, physical signals such as locomotion or soundcould offer a complementary, currently-unused alternative to traditional methods.The immediate implication is that VS could help to mitigate some costly safetyproblems–suggesting the benefit of further discussion and ideation
Evaluation of Multi-hop Ad-hoc Routing Protocols in Wireless Seismic Data Acquisition
Full text linkDue to impediments associated with cable-based seismic survey, Wireless Seismic Data Acquisition (WSDA) has recently gained much attention fromcontractors, exploration companies, and researchers to layout enabling wireless technology and architecture for Wireless Geophone Networks (WGN) in seismic explorations. A potential approach is to employ multi-hop wireless ad-hoc communication. In this study, we propose a multi-hop WGN architecture consisting of several subnetworks to realize the expected network performance. We investigate the performance of proactive and reactive routing protocols to examine the optimal number of geophones that could be effectively supported within a subnetwork. The performance metrics used are packet delivery ratio (PDR) and average end-to-end delay