Emerging Science Journal (ESJ)
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Mediating Role of Digital Service Adoption in Enhancing Human Resource Management Capacity of SMEs
Full text linkIn the context of rapid digital transformation, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) increasingly recognize the necessity of adopting digital services to enhance their human resource management (HRM) capabilities. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of digital service adoption in improving HRM capacity among Vietnamese SMEs. The Resource-Based View draws upon the Technology-Organization-Environment framework; the research examines how leadership support, organizational readiness, policy mechanisms, perceived benefits, and organizational culture influence digital service adoption and HRM development. A mixed-method was employed, combining qualitative interviews with 30 digital transformation experts across five major cities in Vietnam and a quantitative survey of 1,000 SME managers from July 2024 to February 2025. Structural equation modeling was utilized to test 11 proposed hypotheses. The results demonstrate that digital service adoption significantly enhances HRM capacity and mediates the relationships between organizational factors and HRM outcomes. Leadership support is the strongest predictor of digital adoption and HRM capacity, followed by perceived benefits and policy mechanisms. These findings emphasize the importance of strategic leadership, organizational preparedness, supportive policies, and a digital-friendly culture in fostering successful digital transformation in HRM. The novelty contributes a novel integrated model bridging digital transformation and HRM theories and offers practical insights for SME managers seeking to strengthen workforce capabilities in emerging economies
Prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Students with Learning Disabilities
Full text linkAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common developmental disorder worldwide, occurring among children and adolescents across cultures and societies. ADHD manifests itself in difficulties with concentration, distraction, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior. ADHD poses a challenge in school settings, affecting students' ability to follow lessons, adhere to instructions, and complete academic tasks. Omani schools are witnessing cases of ADHD, which calls for educational and health attention to develop effective strategies to reduce the prevalence of ADHD among school students. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among Omani students with learning disabilities (LDs). A descriptive survey design was employed, with a sample of 861 students with LDs from different governorates in Oman. To assess ADHD symptoms, a standardized scale was developed based on the criteria outlined in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). The final version of the scale comprised 25 items distributed across two core domains: Inattention and Hyperactivity/Impulsivity. Findings revealed that 28% of students with LDs met the criteria for ADHD, with Inattention being the predominant subtype (58%). ADHD was more prevalent among male students (73%) and was most commonly observed in students in grades 1-4 (75%). Additionally, 63% of ADHD cases were identified in students with Arabic language difficulties, particularly in reading and writing. The study highlights the need for systematic ADHD screening among students with LDs and recommends the adoption of the developed scale for early identification and intervention
Stakeholder Engagement Based Moral Hazard Analysis Model in FPSO-Tanker Oil Transfer
Full text linkThis study aims to address moral hazard risks in FPSO-tanker oil transfer operations by introducing a semi-quantitative model rooted in stakeholder engagement theory. The model, named SEMHAM (Stakeholder Engagement-based Moral Hazard Analysis Model), incorporates four engagement indicators to calculate the total involvement percentage (PTI): Occurrence Frequency Value (OFV), Responsibility Weight Value (RWV), Critical Role Value (CRV), and Process Impact Value (PIV) to calculate the Total Involvement Percentage (PTI). This metric quantifies the behavioral influence of each stakeholder in the offloading process. Using operational data from 17 offshore zones based on Pertamina's 2023 report, eight primary stakeholder roles were evaluated using a weighted activity matrix. The findings indicate that FPSO Crew and Ship Crew possess the highest PTI scores, signifying greater control and potential risk, whereas administrative actors such as agents and port authorities were identified as lower-risk participants. The SEMHAM model facilitates risk classification and recommends appropriate digital oversight, including IoT-based monitoring, smart contracts, and role-based dashboards. This approach enables the integration of behavioral risk metrics into digital governance systems, thus supporting real-time operational monitoring. The model also demonstrates potential scalability to more complex offshore energy domains, such as LNG terminals and deepwater operations, enabling broader stakeholder governance beyond the current FPSO-tanker context
Study on Preparation of Nano Humic Acid and Adsorption Effect of Heavy Metals in Soil
Full text linkNano humic acid (NHA) offers a promising strategy for remediating agricultural soils contaminated by livestock and poultry manure. This study investigates the adsorption behavior of NHA for heavy metals (Cu, Zn, As, Mg) and nitrogenous compounds (nitrate and ammonium nitrogen) in real-world polluted soil collected from a poultry farm in Changzhou, China. NHA was synthesized via high-shear, acid-precipitation, and surfactant-assisted methods, and its structure was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and particle size analysis. FTIR revealed the emergence of new functional groups (e.g., amino, ester, sulfonic), enhancing the active sites available for pollutant binding. At 30 days, NHA treatments achieved substantial reductions in Cu (76.1%), Zn (57.5%), and As (12.9%), with NANO3 and NANO4 showing the highest adsorption capacity. At 90 days, Cu and Mg continued to exhibit strong dose-responsive removal (up to 49.9% and 26.8%, respectively), while Zn and As showed nonlinear responses, likely due to saturation effects. NHA also outperformed traditional humic acid in nitrate and ammonium nitrogen adsorption, with the 25 g/kg application (NANO2) achieving up to 55% nitrate and 20% ammonium reduction. Correlation analysis confirmed that material type, rather than dosage alone, was the dominant factor influencing pollutant immobilization. These findings demonstrate that NHA is an effective, dual-function soil amendment capable of long-term remediation of both heavy metal and nitrogen pollution, offering a cost-effective and scalable solution for improving soil quality in degraded agricultural regions such as the Yellow River basin
The Use of Eye-Tracking Technology in Mathematics Education: A Mapping Study with Bibliometric Analysis
Full text linkThis study aims to identify trends, domains, and research topics of eye-tracking methodology in mathematics education published in Scopus-indexed journals. A systematic mapping study with bibliometric was employed to investigate the field. The analysis identified 119 eye-tracking studies in mathematics education published between 2013 and 2023, reflecting fluctuating publication trends. In this period, 333 authors, 78 sources, 156 organizations, and 38 countries contributed to the field. Schindler authored the most documents, while Germany and the United States recorded the highest output. The most cited work was by Cortina et al., and the International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education was the most frequently cited journal. Collaborations analysis identified Brockmole and Hannula as the most collaborative authors, and the University of Helsinki as the most active institution. Topic and domain analysis showed that the studies primarily focused on numbers and arithmetic, problem-solving, reasoning, individual differences, mathematical anxiety, creativity, mathematical representation, multimedia in learning, embodied cognition, mathematics learning, learning difficulties, geometry, and preschool mathematics. The findings suggest that several mathematical domains remain underexplored, offering opportunities for further eye-tracking research in mathematics education
Exploring Contextual and Behavioral Determinants of Environmental Auditing Adoption
No full textThis study's primary objective is to identify the determinants of environmental auditing (EA) adoption intention in environmentally sensitive industries. Its novelty lies in developing and testing an integrated model that extends the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by incorporating four contextual factors: Coercive Pressure, Stakeholder Pressure, Internal Resources, and Corporate Culture. For its methodology, the research analyzed survey data from 336 senior managers using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings confirm that the three core TPB constructs - Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Perceived Behavioral Control - are all direct, positive, and significant predictors of EA intention, with Attitude emerging as the strongest. Crucially, the study finds that the four contextual factors only influence intention indirectly, as their effects are fully mediated by the TPB constructs; Corporate Culture and Internal Resources exhibited the greatest total indirect effects. This research provides a significant improvement over existing models by empirically demonstrating this dual-pathway mechanism, suggesting that efforts to promote EA in Vietnam must focus not only on external pressures but also on cultivating positive managerial attitudes and enhancing internal organizational capabilities
Artificial Intelligence in Recruitment: A Multivocal Review of Benefits, Challenges, and Strategies
No full textThis study investigates the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in recruitment, with a specific emphasis on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and cultural diversity, two dimensions frequently underrepresented in existing research. The objective is to evaluate the benefits, challenges, and strategies for the responsible adoption of AI in recruitment. To achieve this, a Multivocal Literature Review (MLR) was conducted, systematically synthesising peer-reviewed studies and grey literature published from 2018 onwards. Following Kitchenham’s systematic review guidelines and Garousi’s multivocal extensions, academic and practitioner perspectives were analysed to capture both theoretical insights and real-world practices. The findings indicate that AI can streamline recruitment processes, improve decision-making accuracy, and enhance candidate experience through tools such as résumé screening, predictive analytics, and generative AI applications. However, issues of algorithmic bias, limited transparency, data quality, regulatory compliance, and workforce scepticism persist, particularly in SMEs that face resource constraints. Although much of the available evidence reflects Western contexts, this review broadens the scope by integrating global perspectives and highlighting how cultural and regional factors influence AI acceptance. The novelty of this study lies in combining academic and industry evidence to propose actionable strategies—such as bias audits, explainable AI frameworks, and human-in-the-loop approaches—for more inclusive, sustainable, and globally relevant adoption of AI in recruitment
Mediating Role of Information Flow in Enhancing Nursing Service Quality and Patient Satisfaction
Full text linkPatient satisfaction is a key factor in the success of hospitals worldwide, making it an important focus for contemporary research. This study aims to examine the impact of service quality, employee satisfaction, and the organizational environment on patient satisfaction in Chinese hospitals. Additionally, it investigates the mediating role of information flow in the relationships between service quality, employee satisfaction, the organizational environment, and patient satisfaction in Chinese hospitals. Data for the study was collected through survey questionnaires administered to patients in government hospitals in China. The reliability of the data and the relationships among the constructs were analyzed using Smart-PLS software. The findings revealed that service quality, employee satisfaction, and the organizational environment positively influence patient satisfaction in Chinese hospitals. Moreover, the results indicated that information flow significantly mediates the relationships between service quality, employee satisfaction, the organizational environment, and patient satisfaction. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, offering guidance on strategies to enhance patient satisfaction by focusing on improving service quality, ensuring effective information flow, and fostering a positive organizational environment. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-09 Full Text: PD
Metaverse in Education: A Survey-Based Investigation of Collaborative Learning and Immersive Experiences
Full text linkThis study employed a survey-based approach supported by the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework to investigate the effect of the Metaverse on education, with a special focus on collaborative learning, opportunities, and immersive experiences. Data collected from 337 university students provided insights regarding the perceptions, opportunities, and experiences linked with metaverse technologies in educational settings. Study findings remained supportive towards the preliminary hypotheses. The first hypothesis confirmed a significant effect on Collaborative Learning. The second hypothesis also indicated a significant effect of metaverse technology on Learning Opportunities. Finally, the third hypothesis, focusing on Immersive Experiences, also remained significant. Overall, the respondents agreed that the Metaverse is a positive addition, improving their learning experiences and motivating them to engage in learning activities. Finally, the research discussed implications, limitations, and recommendations for future studies. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-SIED1-022 Full Text: PD
A Novel Approach to Enhancing the Effectiveness of Chemistry Teaching by Preservice Teachers
Full text linkThe objective of this article is to develop a new approach for improving the effectiveness of chemistry teaching, which involves transforming the teaching process via the use of interactive digital technologies. The research methodology is based on the Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and the Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model. The study explores key constructs such as Perceived Usability (PU), Perceived Autonomy (PAU), Perceived Teaching Support (PTS), Perceived Competency (PCM), Perceived Relatedness (PRT), Perceived Ease of Use (PEOU), Cognitive Teaching Involvement (CTI), and Affective Teaching Involvement (ATI), examining their influence on teaching performance. Data were collected from 254 preservice chemistry teachers trained at Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kazakhstan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to test the scientific hypotheses. The findings showed that PU, PEOU, PAU, and PTS have a significant effect on CTI and ATI, which in turn have a positive effect on teaching effectiveness. In other words, the study confirms the importance of user-friendly and effective digital tools in developing positive attitudes towards technology adoption. The novelty of this paper comprises the author's concept of the educational process transformation through the usage of interactive digital technologies, which increases the chemistry education effectiveness. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-04 Full Text: PD