Emerging Science Journal (ESJ)
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Green Technology Innovation and Corporate Reputation: Key Drivers of ESG and Firm Performance
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance and firm performance within China's manufacturing sector, with a novel focus on the mediating effect of green technology innovation and the moderating influence of corporate reputation. Using a 2011-2022 dataset from A-share listed manufacturing companies on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, the study employs multiple regression analysis with a two-way fixed-effects model to examine these relationships. Findings indicate that robust ESG practices significantly enhance company performance, mediated by green technological innovation. However, a negative moderating effect of corporate reputation suggests that higher corporate reputation weakens the ESG-financial performance relationship. Further analyses reveal that privately-owned firms, those in China's eastern region, and environmentally sustainable industries benefit most from strong ESG initiatives. This study addresses the challenge of disentangling key variables by analyzing their interconnected effects. The findings fill a gap in the existing literature by contributing to a deeper understanding of the relationship between ESG and corporate success, particularly through the mediating role of innovation and the moderating influence of reputation. Additionally, the study provides practical recommendations for managers and policymakers to enhance ESG strategies, promote growth, and support sustainable development. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-06-021 Full Text: PD
A New Vision for Enhancing Women's Leadership Role in Higher Education Decision-Making
Get PDFLegal issues of gender equality and the principle of inadmissibility of discrimination against women in all spheres of life are becoming relevant worldwide, including in the Republic of Kazakhstan. This study aims to show ways to enhance the role of women in the higher education system, which is necessary to implement the principle of real equality in relationships with men, the principle of fair distribution of managerial positions without gender discrimination, and the implementation of leadership activities by women due to their managerial potential. To achieve this goal, the authors have researched this topic in a comparative legal format, comparing the practice and legal peculiarities of Kazakhstan and some developed countries. We used logical analysis, comparative legislative analysis, legal analysis, and legal forecasting. Kazakh legislative acts that promote the expansion of women's rights while enhancing the role of women in higher education were analyzed. The practical results of the study consist in the formulation and justification of organizational and legal ways to increase the leadership role of women in higher education in the Republic. The scientific novelty lies in the previously unexplored topic of gender equality in the higher education system of Kazakhstan from a legal viewpoint. The conclusion about gender asymmetry should encourage other researchers to study this problem on a larger scale and deepen the understanding that only clearly, competently, and equally selected leaders of both sexes can positively influence the accelerated development of the higher education system and ensure the actual competitiveness of Kazakhstani universities and their graduates. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-05-016 Full Text: PD
Multi-Sensory Marketing and Impulsive Buying Behavior: The Role of Impulsive Buying Traits
Get PDFThe rapid growth of the retail market, coupled with increased consumer income, has led to a surge in impulsive and unplanned shopping. This study aims to examine the relationships between multi-sensory marketing, customers' moods, impulsive buying traits, and impulsive buying behavior, using the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) model. Customers' mood acts as a mediator and impulsive buying traits as a moderator. The researchers surveyed 450 consumers in Vietnam using the method of non-probability sampling and analyzed the data using SPSS and Smart PLS 4.0. The results show that customers' moods and impulsive buying traits positively influence impulsive buying behavior, with impulsive buying traits also significantly moderating the relationship between mood and impulsive buying. Additionally, customers' moods mediate the relationship between multi-sensory marketing and impulsive buying behavior. This research fills gaps in previous research by incorporating multi-sensory marketing and impulsive buying traits as variables and provides managerial implications for businesses and retailers to develop effective marketing strategies to encourage impulsive purchases and increase sales. Academically, the research reaffirms the relevance of the S-O-R model in the retail context and paves the way for future investigations into consumers' impulsive buying behavior. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-05-05 Full Text: PD
Design and Analysis of a Bandwidth Aware Adaptive Multipath N-Channel Routing Protocol for 5G Internet of Things (IoT)
Get PDFLarge numbers of mobile wireless nodes that can move randomly and join or leave the network at any moment make up mobile ad-hoc networks. A significant number of messages are delivered during information exchange in populated regions because of the Internet of Things' (IoT) exponential increase in connected devices. Congestion can increase transmission latency and packet loss by causing congestion. More network size, increased network traffic, and high mobility that necessitate dynamic topology make this problem worse. An adaptive Multipath Multichannel Energy Efficient (AMMEE) routing strategy is proposed in this study, in which route selection strategies depend on forecasted energy consumption per packet, available bandwidth, queue length, and channel utilization. While multichannel uses a channel-ideal assignment process to lessen network collisions, multipath offers various paths and balances network strain. The link bandwidth is split up into a few sub-channels in the multichannel mechanism. To reduce network collisions, several source nodes simultaneously access the channel bandwidth. The cooperative multipath multichannel technique offers several paths from a single source or from several sources to the destination without colliding or becoming congested. The AMMEE routing approach is the basis for path selection. A load- and bandwidth-aware routing mechanism in the proposed AMMEE chooses the path based on node energy and forecasts their lifetime, which improves network dependability. The outcome demonstrates a comparative analysis of various multichannel medium access control (MMAC) techniques, including Parallel Rendezvous Multi Channel Medium Access Protocol (PRMMAC), Quality of Service Ad hoc On Demand Multipath Distance Vector (QoS-AOMDV), Q-learning-based Multipath Routing (QMR), and Topological Change Adaptive Ad hoc On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (TA-AOMDV) and the proposed AMMEE method. The results show that the AMMEE approach outperforms alternative systems. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-018 Full Text: PD
A Hybrid Approach to Detect and Identify Text in Picture
Get PDFIn order to create computer systems that can automatically read text from images or pictures, researchers focus on detecting and recognizing text in images. This issue is particularly difficult because images often have complicated backgrounds and a wide range of properties, including color, size, shape, orientation, and texture. Our proposed approach is based on morphology, which consists of a dilation and erosion process to extract text and recognize black-and-white text areas that contain document text or images. This suggested approach has been investigated for its ability to automatically identify text aligned with text pictures, such as store names, street names, banners, and posters. The design, application, and outcomes of the device's experiments are covered in this manuscript using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Tesseract standards and the optimized OCR Tesseract. Our result shows that the optimized OCR Tesseract performs much better compared to the standard. Image preprocessing and text processing modules comprise this device's two modules. With an Arduino Uno and drawbot/flutter for text printing, this device was created using the Raspberry Pi and a 1.2GHz processor. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-01-016 Full Text: PD
Selection of Modelling for Forecasting Crude Palm Oil Prices Using Deep Learning (GRU & LSTM)
Get PDFThe unstable crude palm oil (CPO) prices have an impact on assessments of economic growth and environmental sustainability, as well as market strategies, international trade discussions, and consumer pricing expectations for products made from CPO. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the best prediction method to accurately forecast this cost. This research aims to develop an accurate time series data prediction model for crude palm oil prices using GRU and LSTM methods. The study also aims to identify the best-performing model by comparing their performance. This study uses LSTM and GRU methods as well as Bi-LSTM as a comparison, using crude palm oil price data from the Indonesian Ministry of Trade (August 1, 2018–August 31, 2023) from Medan (1064 data points) and Rotterdam SPOT (617 data), Rotterdam Forward 1 Month (1,022 data), and Rotterdam Forward 2 Month (950 data). Each dataset is then split into training and testing data with a 70:30 ratio. The hyperparameters used are (a) learning rate: (0.001); (b) batch size: 100; (c) node: (512); (d) optimizer: Adam; (e) and epoch: 50. The results of the forecast are highly accurate with a MAPE of less than 10%. Overall, both LSTM and GRU techniques demonstrate excellent performance in forecasting crude palm oil prices, but they may need to be modified based on data features. The ARIMA method can also be considered for forecasting. Future studies may consider optimizing parameters and model structures. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-05 Full Text: PD
The Role of Government in Driving Sustainability: A Public Policy Perceptive
Get PDFSustainability is defined as socio-economic accomplishment without compromising the natural environment. The objective of the research is to assess the role of the government in driving sustainability as explained in the UN Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). The research used content analysis and survey methods to understand the critical role of the government in achieving sustainable development and the perceptions of Saudi Arabian residents in this regard. The findings of the content analysis showed that the role of government at all levels is important to achieving sustainable development. The survey results also support the findings of the content analysis and show that the government's role in attaining sustainability is significant. All the variables of sustainability about government role proved to be very important. The research provided appropriate policy and practical implementation to facilitate the achievement of sustainability. The policy implications are that the government at all levels needs to ensure appropriate laws, regulations, codes, and the adoption of those rules to drive sustainable development. They also ensure that they have allocated resources to achieve sustainable development. In practical terms, the government should devise strategies for all levels of government to drive sustainable development. It should also set up participatory frameworks to ensure increased public involvement in urban planning and introduce education and public campaigns. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-023 Full Text: PD
The Role of Immersive Virtual Realities: Enhancing Science Learning in Higher Education
Get PDFObjective: This systematic review aims to map out the role of immersive technologies, specifically virtual and augmented realities (VR and AR), in enhancing learning outcomes within higher education science programs, providing a clearer understanding of their pedagogical value. Methods: Leveraging extensive database searches in Scopus and Web of Science, an initial phase of 172 articles was identified. Through a meticulous process of screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, this was refined to 33 important articles. These articles were further analyzed to identify distinct structural elements regarding VR and AR interventions and their effects on educational outcomes. Analysis: Each study was evaluated for its contribution to pedagogical methods, with a focus on quantifiable changes in student performance and engagement. Results: The analysis revealed that immersive technologies are being applied across various stages of the academic crossing, from introductory courses to advanced laboratory work. Particularly, 18 articles demonstrated a significant positive or increased impact on learning outcomes. Conclusions: The review confirms that VR and AR possess a transformative potential for higher education, particularly in the sciences. These technologies not only captivate students' interest but also facilitate deeper understanding and retention of complex material. The evidence suggests that VR and AR can substantially enhance the educational experience when implemented thoughtfully. Future research should aim to expand upon these findings, exploring the longitudinal impact of immersive technologies on learning and their potential to democratize education. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-SIED1-06 Full Text: PD
The Carbon Conundrum: Exploring CO2 Emissions, Public Debt, and Environmental Policy
Get PDFThis study addresses a critical gap in the literature by examining the impact of CO2emissions on public debt in Malaysia, employing a non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach spanning from 1980 to 2020. This methodology captures the non-linear relationship between CO2 emissions and public debt, providing nuanced insights into how environmental factors shape fiscal dynamics. Despite encountering challenges arising from the limited body of literature on this specific relationship, the study highlights key findings with profound implications for policymakers. The inverse correlation between trade openness and public debt underscores the influence of international trade on Malaysia's fiscal landscape, while a positive association between investment and public debt emphasizes the importance of prudent debt management for economic growth. Furthermore, the negative relationship between higher foreign direct investment and long-term public debt highlights the need to foster an investor-friendly environment. A pivotal contribution is the confirmation of a positive link between CO2 emissions and public debt, urging policymakers to prioritize emission reduction strategies, implement carbon pricing, and promote green technologies. This research offers a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between CO2emissions and public debt, providing valuable insights for informed policy decisions in the Malaysian context. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-08 Full Text: PD
Taking Advantage of Disposal Bamboo Chopsticks to Produce Biochar for Greenhouse Crop Cultivation
Get PDFBiochar is a value-added product that can be used for many purposes, particularly for environmental and agricultural purposes. In this study, pyrolysis at 450–500 °C was used to upgrade urban waste such as disposable bamboo chopsticks (DBCs) into biochar. The properties of DBC biochar were analyzed, and the biochar was subsequently used to cultivate Romaine lettuce to assess its potential as a soil amendment. Its properties, including specific surface area (SSA), pore size, pore volume, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), contents of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), macronutrient content, and the atomic ratio of H/C, O/C, (O+N)/C, and C/N, were analyzed. The experimental pots consisted of four treatments, each with ten replicates: unamended soil (TC), soil amended with 10% (w/w) vermicompost (TV), soil amended with 10% vermicompost mixed with 1.5% biochar (TVB1.5), and soil amended with 10% vermicompost mixed with 2.5% biochar (TVB2.5). Fundamental physicochemical soil properties and plant yield (plant height, leaf width, number of leaves, and fresh weight) were investigated. The results indicated that the DBC biochar was neutral (pH 6.80) and had a high CEC (10.86 cmol/kg), 66.80% C, 3.76% H, 25.93% O, and 0.61% N. It had mesopores (39.077 í…), a large SSA (0.542 m2/g), and a pore volume of 0.005 cc/g. The biochar exhibited high aromaticity and hydrophobicity. Based on these results, the DBC biochar has the potential to be used as a soil amendment: it significantly enhances soil quality and increases plant yields. The application of 2.5% biochar resulted in the highest yield. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-07 Full Text: PD