Emerging Science Journal (ESJ)
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960 research outputs found
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Real-Time Vehicle Type Detection and Counting for Emission Pollution Monitoring and Traffic Violation Identification
Full text linkIn an urban environment, traffic congestion, automobile emissions, and road safety are significant problems that lead to financial losses and environmental deterioration. Vehicle detection, counting, speed estimation, and pollution monitoring are frequently handled inconsistently by current traffic monitoring systems. This research closes this gap by applying the cutting-edge YOLOv8 deep learning architecture to create an extensive real-time vehicle recognition and counting system. In addition to calculating vehicle speeds and detecting five different types of vehicles and pedestrians, the system also estimates emission rates in real time using traffic data. After evaluation of two YOLOv8 variants (YOLOv8n and YOLOv8s), it was found that YOLOv8s performed better, with 0.936 precision, 0.822 recall, and 0.930 mAP50 for CNG automobiles. With an emission factor ranging from 0.6 to 0.8, real-time pollution monitoring was made possible by calculating vehicle emissions based on both type and speed. In addition, the system has a web application developed with the Flask framework and allows real-time traffic data display, including emission rates, vehicle counts, and speed calculations. The method is effective, as evidenced by the results, where YOLOv8s exceed YOLOv8n in essential metrics, including the miss-classification rate (as low as 0.112) and F1-score (0.875 for CNG). With its unique method of simultaneous vehicle identification, counting, speed estimation, and pollution monitoring, this research could lead to advancements in road safety, traffic management, and emission reduction. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-02-023 Full Text: PD
The Impact of Team-Based Learning on Anxiety Among Graduate Students in a Data Science Master's Program
Full text linkObjectives: This study aims to explore the impact of Team-Based Learning (TBL) on anxiety levels (AL) among master's students in Data Science, particularly how TBL influences students' anxiety in academic settings and contributes to their engagement, skill development, and learning awareness. Methods/Analysis: The study implemented TBL in a Data Science master's course for one semester, employing both qualitative and quantitative methods. Data were collected through surveys and individual interviews, followed by exploratory and statistical analyses conducted in Jupyter Notebook, SPSS Statistics, and Excel. This mixed-methods approach provided comprehensive insights into students' experiences and perceptions regarding TBL and anxiety. Findings: The analysis revealed that TBL positively affects students' anxiety levels, contributing to enhanced engagement, individual and group skills, and awareness of the learning process. However, certain TBL elements were found to potentially increase anxiety, suggesting a need for tailored adjustments to the approach. Novelty/Improvement: This study underscores TBL's potential to reduce anxiety and foster active learning, emphasizing the importance of student-centered teaching. It highlights specific TBL components that may require modification to minimize negative impacts on student anxiety, offering valuable guidance for educators aiming to create a supportive and effective learning environment. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-SIED1-01 Full Text: PD
Artificial Intelligence and Competitive Advantage of Tourism Enterprises: A Chain Mediation Effect
No full textIn the era of artificial intelligence (AI), tourism companies are leveraging AI to enhance their competitive advantage. Drawing on competition theory, this paper explores the relationships among AI application, innovation capability, organizational culture, and competitive advantage, and verifies the chain mediating effect of innovation capability and organizational culture. Data from 400 tourism enterprises in China were collected through a survey questionnaire, and multiple regression analysis was employed. The results indicate that AI application has a positive and significant effect on the competitive advantage of enterprises. Innovation capability mediates the relationship between AI application and competitive advantage, as does organizational culture. Furthermore, innovation capability and organizational culture exhibit a chain mediating effect. This study broadens the understanding of AI applications in the tourism industry and elucidates the mechanism through which AI influences the competitive advantage of enterprises
Integrating Augmented Reality in Mathematics Learning to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students
Full text linkThis study aims to examine the effect of Augmented Reality (AR) technology-assisted learning on the critical thinking skills (CTS) of elementary school students in mathematics. A quantitative research approach was employed, using a post-test-only control group design involving 61 fifth-grade students with an average age of 11 years. The experimental group ( = 31) received AR-assisted instruction, while the control group ( = 30) received conventional teaching on the topic of spatial volume. Following a three-session intervention, data on students' CTS were collected through six descriptive test items, developed based on Facione's essential indicators of critical thinking. The instruments demonstrated content validity (0.736), face validity (0.645), and a reliability coefficient of 0.86. Data analysis included both descriptive statistics and inferential analysis using an independent samples t-test at a 5% significance level. The findings revealed a significant difference in CTS between students taught with AR-assisted learning and those taught using conventional methods, indicating that AR-supported instruction positively influences elementary students' critical thinking skills. However, two specific indicators”evaluation and inference”remained low across both groups. Therefore, future research should qualitatively explore these two dimensions to better understand how teachers can utilize AR technology to enhance students' evaluative and inferential thinking abilities. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-02-014 Full Text: PD
Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Acanthus ilicifolius in Polluted Mangrove Ecosystems
Full text linkMangrove forests in Sicanang Belawan, North Sumatra, covering 1,510 hectares, are essential for coastal ecosystem services, such as silvofishery and polyculture ponds. Despite their potential, heavy metal pollution has emerged due to anthropogenic activities upstream. Therefore, this study aims to determine the bioaccumulation and translocation capacities of Acanthus ilicifolius for copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). Samples were collected from 4 sites, representing varying pollution levels, namely Station 1 (mangrove ecotourism area), Station 2 (control site), Station 3 (industrial area with power plant activities), and Station 4 (industrial site near manufacturing facilities). Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was then used to measure metal concentrations in sediments and plant tissues (roots, stems, and leaves). The results showed that there were significant site-specific differences in Cu and Pb levels, while Zn concentrations had no significant variation. A. ilicifolius exhibited the highest bioconcentration factor for Cu at Station 1 (2.43±0.76 ppm), while extreme translocation of Pb to leaves was observed at the same location (9.21 ppm). Despite moderate Pb toxicity at Station 1, overall sediment contamination was considered low. This is the first study reporting heavy metal contamination in Sicanang mangrove, identifying A. ilicifoliusas an effective phytoremediator for Cu, Pb, and Zn, aiding pollution mitigation in mangrove ecosystems. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-02-03 Full Text: PD
M-Learning and Experiential Learning in Vocational Education
Full text linkThe aim of our research was to investigate the impact of the use of mobile devices in mobile technology (MT)-enabled experiential learning (EL). Methods/Analysis: The basis of the research was an experiment. Quantitative data included pretest and post-test results of two groups of students (ELs and regular education students). Qualitative data consisted of individual analysis of a final questionnaire composed of 37 items, some of which were open-ended. A 5-point Likert scale was used for evaluation, and some questions were open-ended. Findings: The results showed that the average knowledge gained in the EL group's post-test increased compared to the regular class. We found that after the photographing/note-taking phase, students with the ability to use mobile devices generally lost interest in further observation. We also found that both groups had great difficulty in the question design and comparison sections, in finding answers to the prepared questions. Novelty/Improvement:it became apparent that the teaching process needed to be modified. The photo-taking phase should be done after close observation so that the sensory experience is not replaced by mobile devices. The comparison phase did not show a significant result in any of the observed viewpoints and can be omitted. The sensory experience, sound recording, requires some modifications, more effectively applied in the classroom environment, as ambient noise was a problem in the teaching process. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2024-SIED1-017 Full Text: PD
Social Ostracism and Bullying Among Social Pedagogy and Pedagogy-Psychology Students
No full textThis study examines the impact of social ostracism and bullying among students of social pedagogy, pedagogy, and psychology, while identifying differences in their coping strategies. Using a mixed-methods approach, 66 students (aged 17–22) were surveyed with the Need Threat Scale (NTS-O) to assess ostracism, the SACS questionnaire to analyze coping strategies, and vignettes to measure perceptions of social isolation. Results revealed that social pedagogy students exhibited higher self-esteem (p < 0.05), while psychology students reported greater existential meaningfulness (η² = 0.42). A significant positive correlation emerged between impulsivity and power/provocation clusters (r = 0.51), alongside a negative association between avoidance and self-esteem (r = -0.55). The study’s novelty lies in its cross-disciplinary comparison, uncovering profession-specific behavioral patterns: social pedagogues more frequently employed assertive strategies, whereas psychology students relied on cautious actions (χ² = 9.87, p = 0.043). Based on factor analysis, preventive measures are proposed, including emotion-regulation training and anti-bullying programs tailored to digital risks (e.g., social media, cyber-ostracism). The research advances coping theory by highlighting how academic specialization shapes resilience to social isolation. Practical recommendations emphasize integrating interdisciplinary approaches into educational policies to foster inclusive environments
Modernization of the Local Government System: Development Prospects and Implementation Mechanisms
No full textThe article focuses on modernizing the local government system in the Republic of Kazakhstan by prioritizing decentralization, enhancing governance efficiency, and fostering citizen engagement. Key challenges identified include significant financial dependence on the national budget, limited administrative autonomy, inadequate public participation, and a low level of digitalization in local governance processes. The study employs a mixed-method approach, including systematic, comparative, economic-statistical, and regression analyses, to assess the current system and adapt successful international practices from countries such as Sweden, Estonia, and Singapore to Kazakhstan’s context. The findings highlight the need to expand the financial independence of local authorities, simplify decision-making processes, and integrate advanced digital management tools to improve transparency and operational effectiveness. Recommendations include introducing e-governance platforms, public consultation mechanisms, fiscal decentralization measures, and enhanced professional development programs for local government officials. The study’s novelty lies in proposing a comprehensive reform framework tailored to Kazakhstan’s unique socio-economic conditions, informed by global best practices. These measures are anticipated to promote sustainable regional development, improve the quality of public services, and strengthen public trust in local authorities. The proposed reforms aim to establish a more adaptive, inclusive, and transparent governance system capable of addressing contemporary challenges while ensuring long-term socio-economic progress.
JEL Classification: H70, H77, O18, R50
A New Approach to Development of Students' Research Abilities in STEM Education
Full text linkThe study develops a modern concept of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education as an essential component for students' research abilities. The study's goal is to enhance students' research skills in STEM subjects by using ionization chambers as a tool for educational research. This aim emphasizes the study's novel use of ionization chambers to improve STEM students' practical skills and theoretical understanding. The research hypotheses were tested using quantitative experimental methods involving pre- and post-experiment assessments. Scientific articles were analyzed using key terms such as "ionization chamber," "STEM," and "research skills" from the Mendeley database to establish a theoretical foundation. A meta-analysis was conducted to elucidate the efficacy of the outcomes. An assessment involving 120 students from the Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University was conducted to evaluate the influence on them, with favorable findings. Since both groups had the same dependent variable in control tasks, there was no significant difference before the trial (t(118) = 0.7749, p > 0.05). The dependent variable was reassessed after 15 weeks of training. Statistics show a significant improvement in the experimental group (t(118) = 7.8335, p < 0.05), showing that ionization chambers increased STEM students' research abilities. Using ionization chambers in the natural science curriculum may enhance students' research abilities and provide a more effective integration of theory and practice. Kazakhstan uses cutting-edge research tools like ionization chambers to cover STEM teaching gaps and boost student engagement and practical skills. The research recommends integrating these technologies into curricula and teacher training. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-02-013 Full Text: PD
Exploring the Relationship Between Stress, Burnout, and Occupational Accidents in Civil Construction
No full textThis study investigates the factors influencing work-related stress, burnout, and occupational accidents in the civil construction sector. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research integrates both qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Measurement scales for stress, fatigue, and occupational accidents were reviewed, translated, and adapted from prior studies to suit the context of construction workers. A total of 275 questionnaires were distributed, with 269 valid responses analyzed using SmartPLS (ver 3.2.8). Data analysis encompassed evaluating the validity and reliability of scales and exploring the relationships among key concepts in the research model. The findings highlight the significant influence of job attributes, co-worker relationships, and work environment on work-related stress. These factors trigger psychological changes that exacerbate worker fatigue and contribute to increased occupational accident rates. Novel insights emphasize the interdependence of these elements in shaping worker behavior and safety outcomes. The study provides a foundation for developing targeted strategies to mitigate stress and fatigue, reduce occupational hazards, and promote well-being among construction workers. By offering an integrated analysis, this research contributes to advancing the understanding of safety management practices in the construction industry