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Tendance actuelle de la consommation des aliments traditionnels dans la ville de Goma, province du Nord-Kivu, à l’est de la République démocratique du Congo
Full text linkLa nature offre une diversité d’aliments traditionnels. Paradoxalement, l’insécurité alimentaire demeure alarmante dans la ville de Goma. En outre, les études axées sur cette problématique sont d’une rareté inquiétante. Le but de cette étude était d’identifier les types d’aliments traditionnels vendus et consommés en ville de Goma et les facteurs qui en déterminent la consommation. Cette étude avait porté sur un échantillon de 13 producteurs, 52 vendeurs et 126 consommateurs sélectionnés suivant les normes d’échantillonnage aléatoire. Les résultats indiquent que la grande diversité des aliments traditionnels inventoriés était d’origine végétale (55,60%) comparativement à ceux d’origine animale (33,30%) et des champignons (11,10%). A peu près 40,10% des enquêtés incluaient dans leur ration alimentaire au moins un aliment traditionnel 3 fois la semaine. Les aliments traditionnels sont utilisés comme aliment ou comme médicament. Les aliments d’origine animale plus utilisés comprenaient : le miel (90,00%), les peaux de vache ou de chèvre (73,30%), cobaye (52,90%), sauterelles (50,80%), la tope (30,90%) et les chenilles (13,06%). Les aliments d’origine végétales étaient entre autres, les champignons (72,80%), les aubergines sauvages (66,40%), la chayotte (65,40%), les feuilles de colocase (62,80%), la pulpe de courge (58,60%), la morelle noire/verte (55,00%), le tournesol (54,40%), les ignames (50,80%), le gombo (48,10%), la farine de banane (47,60%), les aubergines locales (38,70%). La consommation des aliments traditionnels était trouvée associer à l’existence à domicile des moyens de conservation de ces aliments et au statut coutumier-financier du consommateur (p=0,024., χ2 test). Le taux de consommation ménagère des aliments traditionnels était plus élevé chez les producteurs (cueilleurs/récolteurs) consommaient beaucoup plus les aliments traditionnels que chez les acheteurs-revendeurs (p= 0,011., χ2 test). Comparativement aux taux relevés à hier en Afrique Sub-saharienne, la tendance actuelle de consommation des aliments traditionnels en ville Goma est faible. Des recherches approfondies sont nécessaires à être menées, dans le futur, pour déterminer les implications sanitaires chez les consommateurs avant de commencer les campagnes de sensibilisation sur leurs valeurs nutritionnelles et leur potentiel contribution dans l’amélioration de la qualité du panier de la ménagère.
While the nature offers a diversity of traditional food, the current situation of food insecurity is alarming in various homesteads in the Goma city (eastern DR Congo). There are preliminary surveys describing the attachment of the urban community to traditional food items in Goma. The above knowledge gap motivated this survey study. Therefore, the goal of this study survey was to identify the types of traditional food traded/consumed in this town and the drivers (factors) influencing current trend in the consumption of traditional food in urban environment. The study survey was composed of a sample of 13 producers, 52 sellers and 126 consumers who were randomly selected from the entire urban population of consumers/sellers met during interviews. The results indicated that, a variety of traditional food was produced, traded and consumed by local inhabitants from different historical/family background. Most of these traditional food types were of plant origin (55.60%) as compared to animal (33.30%) and fungal (11.10%) origins. About 40.10% of traditional foods were consumed 3 times per week per household. There was a seasonal variability in price of different food types. Consumption behaviors varied according to wealth status and to cultural background. Two categories of traditional food were used as food or medicine. The list of animal-based food types included honey (90.00%), animal skins (73.30%), guinea pig (52.90%), grasshoppers (50.80%), termite (38.70%) and insect caterpillars (13.06%). The list of plant based traditional foods included mushroom (72.80%), wild eggplant (66.40%), leaves of taro (62.80%), gourd pulp and seeds (58.60%), nightshade or green (55.00%), sunflower (54.40%), yams (50.80%), plantain/banana flour (47.60%) and maize/sorghum-based porridges. As compared to producers, the study revealed that consumers/venders had high ability to process/store traditional foods recently collected in the field/nature wild or home-gardens (p=0.024, χ2 test). As compared to sellers/marketers, the key driver of the choice of food items by a given producer/consumer was the consumer's financial-cultural back ground(statute) (p = 0.011, χ2 test). Aged respondents wanted to shop more food stuffs collected in the wild than from home-gardens. Overall, the level of consumption of traditional food was found to be low in Goma as compared to reports from other urban cities of DR Congo and Sub-Sahara Africa. In future, there is an urgent need for an awareness campaign to be conducted after detailed studies are conducted for the nutritional values, toxicity risks that can be associated to health of consumers of traditional/wild foods. Obviously traditional food types have the potential to contribute in the improvement of the nutritional quality and welfare of consumers of urban and rural households. For producers/collectors/ harvesters, traditional food is likely contributing to the increase of household income, livelihood and wellbeing of users. As nutritional-sensitive products, they have the potential to increase women financial baskets as these are frequently involved in trading traditional foods in Africa
Public Transport Appreciation: A Comprehensive Analysis of User Perceptions and Influencing Factors in Italian Urban Contexts
Full text linkSystems of public transportation are essential to urban mobility because they provide social, economic, and environmental advantages. To improve service quality and advance sustainable transportation, it is crucial to comprehend how users perceive these systems. This paper explores the many facets of appreciating public transportation, in Italian urban contexts looking at elements like affordability, accessibility, service quality, environmental impact, and technological integration. This study uses information gathered from a nationwide survey to examine how the public and local public transportation users in Italy are perceived. The purpose of the study is to provide indications and to evaluate how frequent and infrequent users value several facets of public transportation services, such as accessibility, cost, frequency, cleanliness, timeliness, and environmental impact. A wide range of demographic samples contributed responses, offering a thorough picture of regional variations and shared issues. We seek to give a thorough overview of the factors influencing public transportation enjoyment and its implications for practice and policy by synthesizing recent research and empirical data.
The findings highlight the significant challenge of changing travel habits, given that 72% of respondents own a car and 87% prefer private transportation over public options. This underscores the importance of promoting more sustainable. mobility options through advancements in public transportation infrastructure, safety perceptions, and urban design. In the end, a major obstacle in determining Italy's transportation future is striking a balance between environmental objectives and ease. 
Analyse de la perception sociale autour des Foyers de Renforcement des Activités de Nutrition Communautaire (FRANC) dans les régions du Bafing et du Kabadougou au nord-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire
Full text linkLe Foyer de Renforcement des Activités de Nutrition Communautaire (FRANC) est une structure opérationnelle permanente mise en place par la communauté pour résoudre elle-même les problèmes de nutrition et de développement intégré de la petite enfance qu’elle rencontre. Cette recherche qualitative se propose d’identifier la perception sociale limitant ou favorisant l’adhésion des communautés au projet FRANC dans les régions du Bafing et du Kabadougou, au nord-ouest de la Côte d’Ivoire. Les instruments utilisés dans cette perspective ont été le focus group et l’entretien semi-directif, adressés aux populations bénéficiaires, aux responsables locaux et administratifs. Les résultats indiquent que le FRANC est perçu par les bénéficiaires comme une garderie où l’on peut déposer l’enfant afin de vaquer à ses occupations domestiques et agricoles. Les volontaires évoquent des difficultés de motivation dues à l’absence de compensation financière. Les sessions de réhabilitation sont conduites de manière irrégulière, ce qui pénalise la continuité de la prise en charge. Toutefois, on note une amélioration au niveau de l’hygiène environnementale, alimentaire et corporelle, comme efforts de capitalisation.
The Foyer de Renforcement des Activités de Nutrition Communautaire (FRANC) is a permanent operational structure set up by the community to solve its own nutrition and integrated early childhood development problems. The aim of this qualitative research is to identify the social perceptions that limit or encourage community support for the FRANC project in the Bafing and Kabadougou regions of north-west Côte d'Ivoire. The instruments used for this purpose were focus groups and semi-structured interviews, addressed to beneficiary populations and local and administrative officials. The results indicate that FRANC is perceived by beneficiaries as a day-care center where children can be dropped off to attend to their domestic and agricultural chores. Volunteers report difficulties in motivation due to the lack of financial compensation. Rehabilitation sessions are conducted irregularly, which penalizes continuity of care. However, there has been an improvement in environmental, dietary, and personal hygiene, as capitalization efforts
Employing IT Service Management to Accelerate Digital Government Transformation in Saudi Arabia: A Vision 2030 Perspective
Full text linkSaudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 prioritizes digital transformation as a driver of efficient, citizen-centered governance, with Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) positioned as a critical enabler. This study assessed how ITSM maturity influences digital service performance and contributes to national transformation goals. A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was applied, including an online survey of 80 IT managers from ministries, municipalities, and utilities, 15 semi-structured interviews with senior IT leaders, and a case study of the Ministry of Interior’s Absher platform. Survey data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and linear regression; qualitative data were coded thematically. Results showed that agencies with higher ITSM maturity achieved significantly greater system uptime (r = 0.53, p < .01) and citizen satisfaction (r = 0.70, p < .01). Regression analysis confirmed that each one-point increase in maturity predicted approximately a 3.3% increase in service uptime and a 0.5-point gain in satisfaction on a five-point scale. Interviews and the Absher case highlighted leadership commitment, structured workforce training, and Vision 2030 alignment as key enablers, while skills shortages, legacy infrastructure, and cultural resistance were persistent barriers. The findings demonstrate that ITSM maturity directly supports the Kingdom’s strategic targets for reliability and user satisfaction. Policymakers and public-sector leaders are encouraged to strengthen governance, invest in skills pipelines, and modernize legacy systems to scale ITSM benefits across agencies and sustain Saudi Arabia’s regional leadership in digital government
Causes et conséquences de la fluctuation du prix de l’huile de palme dans les marchés d’Edéa-Cameroun
Full text linkLa ville d'Édéa, dans la région du littoral, est un pôle vital pour producteurs, commerçants et consommateurs d’huile de palme, mais les prix y varient fréquemment, sans compréhension locale claire des causes et effets. Cette étude analyse ces fluctuations, leurs origines et leurs impacts, à partir d’une enquête participative auprès de 130 acteurs de la chaîne de valeur, via des questionnaires et guide d’entretiens. Les données ont été traitées avec SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) (analyses descriptives, tests de Student, corrélations et tests de khi-deux). Les résultats indiquent que la saisonnalité climatique influence significativement les prix : en saison des pluies, la production baisse (observée par 90% des producteurs), réduisant la disponibilité de 50% à 70%, et entrainant une augmentation des prix de 30% à la production et de 43,3% au détail. Ce phénomène est accentué par un déficit de stockage chez 85% des producteurs et 75% des transformateurs. Les producteurs 75% ont peu d’influence sur les prix, contrairement aux transformateurs et grossistes, dont 80% admettent des pratiques spéculatives. Ainsi, 85% des producteurs subissent une instabilité de revenus. Pour les consommateurs, 75% ressent un fort impact budgétaire, forçant 50% à réduire leur consommation d'huile de palme. Ces fluctuations traduisent un marché déséquilibré nécessitant la mise en œuvre d’une stratégie de stockage régulée de l’huile de palme.
The town of Édéa, located in the coastal region, is a crucial hub for palm oil producers, traders, and consumers. However, prices in the area fluctuate frequently without a clear local understanding of the causes and effects. This study aims to analyze these fluctuations, their origins, and impacts through a participatory survey of 130 value chain actors using questionnaires and interviews. The data were processed using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) for descriptive analyses, Student's t-tests, correlations, and chi-square tests. The results indicate that climatic seasonality significantly influences prices. During the rainy season, production decreases (observed by 90% of producers), leading to a reduction in availability of 50% to 70%. This decrease in supply results in an increase in prices of 30% at the production level and 43.3% at the retail level. This situation is exacerbated by a storage deficit reported by 85% of producers and 75% of processors. Producers have minimal influence (75%) on prices, unlike processors and wholesalers, 80% of whom admit to engaging in speculative practices. As a result, 85% of producers face income instability. For consumers, 75% feel a significant budgetary impact, with 50% being forced to reduce their palm oil consumption. These fluctuations highlight an unbalanced market that necessitates the implementation of a regulated storage strategy for palm oil
Évaluation Comparative des Effets Anthropométriques de l’Huile de Palme, de l’Huile d’Olive Extra Vierge et de l’Huile d’Olive Contaminée par de l’Huile de Croton chez le Rat Wistar
Full text linkL’huile de palme et l’huile d’olive sont largement utilisées pour leurs propriétés nutritionnelles, bien que l’huile de palme soit souvent critiquée pour sa teneur en acides gras saturés. L’huile de croton, quant à elle, possède des effets thérapeutiques lorsqu’elle est administrée sous stricte surveillance médicale. Cette étude vise à comparer les effets anthropométriques de la consommation quotidienne de quatre huiles végétales, huile d’olive extra vierge, huile d’olive contaminée par 1 % d’huile de croton, huile de palme brute et huile de palme raffinée sur des rats Wistar, afin d’évaluer leur impact nutritionnel et métabolique. Soixante rats Wistar (mâles et femelles) ont été répartis en cinq groupes (n = 12) et soumis pendant six mois à des régimes alimentaires spécifiques : granulés seuls (GSH), granulés enrichis à 20 % d’huile d’olive (HO), à 20 % d’huile d’olive contaminée par 1 % d’huile de croton (HC Dil.100×), à 20 % d’huile de palme brute (HPB), et à 20 % d’huile de palme raffinée (HPR). Les paramètres évalués incluaient le poids corporel, la consommation alimentaire, l’hydratation, la digestibilité, ainsi que les efficacités protéique et énergétique. Le groupe GSH a présenté les meilleures performances nutritionnelles : gain pondéral significatif (1247 ± 13,2 g), digestibilité élevée (ID : 1,059 ± 0,07), efficacité protéique (EP : 0,02101 ± 0,0007) et énergétique (EE : 38,33 ± 1,19). Les groupes HO et HC Dil.100× ont montré les performances les plus faibles, notamment en efficacité énergétique (respectivement 19,62 ± 0,63 et 16,75 ± 0,80). Des différences hautement significatives ont été observées pour le gain de poids entre le groupe GSH et les groupes supplémentés en huiles (p < 0,0001), tandis que les autres paramètres ne présentaient pas de variations significatives (p > 0,05). La consommation modérée d’huile de palme, qu’elle soit brute ou raffinée, n’induit pas de prise de poids excessive chez le rat Wistar et semble compatible avec une alimentation équilibrée. En revanche, l’ajout d’huile de croton à l’huile d’olive altère les performances nutritionnelles, soulignant la nécessité d’une surveillance stricte de son usage.
Palm oil and olive oil are widely used for their nutritional properties, although palm oil is often criticized for its high saturated fat content. Croton oil, meanwhile, exhibits therapeutic effects when administered under strict medical supervision. This study aims to compare the anthropometric effects of the daily consumption of four vegetable oils, extra virgin olive oil, olive oil contaminated with 1% croton oil, crude palm oil, and refined palm oil, on Wistar rats, in order to assess their nutritional and metabolic impact. Sixty Wistar rats (male and female) were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 12) and fed for six months with specific diets: pellets alone (GSH), pellets enriched with 20% olive oil (HO), 20% olive oil contaminated with 1% croton oil (HC Dil.100×), 20% crude palm oil (HPB), and 20% refined palm oil (HPR). The parameters evaluated included body weight, food intake, hydration, digestibility, and protein and energy efficiency. The GSH group showed the best nutritional performance, with a significant weight gain (1247 ± 13.2 g), high digestibility (ID: 1.059 ± 0.07), and superior protein (EP: 0.02101 ± 0.0007) and energy efficiency (EE: 38.33 ± 1.19). In contrast, the HO and HC Dil.100× groups exhibited the lowest performance, particularly in energy efficiency (19.62 ± 0.63 and 16.75 ± 0.80, respectively). Highly significant differences in weight gain were observed between the GSH group and the oil-supplemented groups (p < 0.0001), while other parameters showed no significant variation (p > 0.05). Moderate consumption of palm oil, whether crude or refined, did not lead to excessive weight gain in Wistar rats and appears compatible with a balanced diet. However, the addition of croton oil to olive oil negatively affected nutritional performance, highlighting the need for strict supervision of its use
Effect of the Energy Transition on Food Security : The Role of the Female Agricultural Workforce in WAEMU Countries
Full text linkThis article looks at the problem of food insecurity and nutrition in Africa. The study analyses the role of women in the relationship between the energy transition and food security in the 8 WAEMU countries over the period 1996-2022. The use of an ARDL model shows that the energy transition significantly and symmetrically improves food security in the short term, but has a negative and asymmetric effect in the long term. The interaction between the energy transition and the female agricultural workforce has a positive effect in the long term, but is neutral in the short term. We recommend that, in order to ensure sustainable food security, the involvement of women in the agricultural sector must be strengthened. Public policies and private initiatives must therefore promote women's access to sustainable energy resources, while supporting their role in innovation and the management of agricultural practices
Maternal Perception of Medicinal Foods in Child Feeding Practices: A Study in Marsabit County, Kenya
Full text linkMedicinal foods are important for enhancing children’s health and preventing common illnesses. However, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding how mothers perceive these foods and their effectiveness in child nutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to determine maternal perception of medicinal foods used in child feeding. This study adopted a cross-sectional study design. A three-stage sampling technique was used to randomly select 278 eligible households with children aged 6–24 months to assess their perception of child feeds with medicinal value. A questionnaire was used to gather quantitative data. Focus Group Discussion and Key Informant Interview guides were used to collect qualitative data. Univariate analysis was used to obtain the frequency distribution of maternal perception of medicinal foods. The results indicated that the common childhood illnesses in the community are diarrhea 63.9%, Pneumonia 55.2%, malnutrition 35.1%, malaria 35.7%, anemia 35.7%, and common cold 24.2%. Findings show that 56% of the respondents offered foods for medicinal purposes to their children during sickness and in good health. Most (75.5%) respondents indicated plants, fruits, and foods were used for medicinal
purposes. The study concludes that maternal perceptions of medicinal foods significantly influence child-feeding practices in Marsabit County, Kenya. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the Marsabit County government conduct scientific research and clinical trials to assess the efficacy and safety of local plants, fruits, and foods used by mothers to treat childhood illnesses and integrate evidence-based findings into community health education. This study had potential limitations. It relied on maternal responses, which could have been affected by recall or social desirability bias; however, engaging communities in discussions on child nutrition can help bridge gaps between perception and scientific evidence, leading to informed decision-making. This initiative should involve collaboration between the local health authorities, research institutions, and traditional knowledge holders
Entornos laborales en México: Retos y avances en seguridad y bienestar
Full text linkEste artículo analiza los entornos laborales en México, examinando la relación entre la legislación vigente (Ley Federal del Trabajo y Normas Oficiales Mexicanas), su aplicación y la realidad laboral en términos de seguridad y bienestar. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura de la última década, basada en publicaciones académicas, informes gubernamentales y normativas extraídas de bases de datos específicas con criterios de selección definidos, lo que permitió comparar la legislación mexicana con estándares internacionales y resaltar sus diferencias. Los hallazgos evidencian avances legislativos, pero también señalan deficiencias en supervisión, recursos y capacitación, así como una alta prevalencia de riesgos psicosociales, especialmente el estrés laboral. El estudio concluye con recomendaciones para una estrategia integral que busca mejorar la supervisión, la capacitación, el acceso a recursos y la promoción de la responsabilidad social empresarial. Se incluyen ejemplos de implementación en el contexto mexicano, prestando especial atención a la informalidad laboral, con el fin de crear entornos de trabajo seguros y saludables.
This article analyzes work environments in Mexico, examining the relationship between current legislation (Federal Labor Law and Official Mexican Standards), its application, and the labor reality in terms of safety and well-being. A systematic review of the literature from the past decade was conducted, based on academic publications, government reports, and regulations extracted from specific databases using defined selection criteria. This review allowed for a comparison between Mexican legislation and international standards, highlighting their differences. The findings reveal legislative advancements but also point to deficiencies in supervision, resources, and training, as well as a high prevalence of psychosocial risks, particularly work-related stress. The study concludes with recommendations for a comprehensive strategy aimed at improving supervision, training, access to resources, and the promotion of corporate social responsibility. Implementation examples in the Mexican context are provided, with special attention to labor informality, to create safe and healthy work environments
Assessing the Program Experiences and Employment Outcomes of Notre Dame of Jolo College BSIT Graduates
Full text linkThis tracer study investigated the program experiences and employment outcomes of the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT) graduates from 2017 to 2019 to assess career readiness and identify areas for improvement. Using a descriptive survey method and convenience sampling, data were collected from 58 graduates and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results indicated that most graduates preferred institutions offering holistic education and programs with adequate resources and qualified staff. Many secured non-permanent, rank-and-file positions in the government sector within six months and remained in these roles for over a year while earning below the median monthly salary. Graduates expressed satisfaction with teaching methods, study conditions, guidance, and competency attainment, crediting hands-on training for their employment readiness. They found their acquired competencies useful in their current jobs and were guided by the core institutional values of faith, respect, and commitment. The study concluded that graduates had a positive perception of their educational experiences and recognized the program's role in their employment opportunities. Nonetheless, areas such as written works, self-study activities, study habits, communication skills, problem analysis, and job orientation should be strengthened to enhance students' workforce readiness