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Cultural Values and Retail Investor Behavior under Market Volatility: A Cross-Country Panel Analysis (2002–2021)
Full text linkThis study examines how national culture influences financial market development and volatility across 18 countries from 2002 to 2021. Integrating Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, particularly Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) and Individualism (IDV), with market indicators such as capitalization, trading volume, and turnover, the analysis explores how socio-cultural factors interact with global risk conditions measured by the VIX index. Using fixed-effects and dynamic panel regressions, the results show that higher individualism is associated with deeper and more liquid markets, while greater uncertainty avoidance constrains trading intensity but supports more stable capitalization. Global volatility negatively affects liquidity, yet its impact is moderated by cultural characteristics, with stronger effects observed in emerging economies. These findings highlight that financial development is not purely institutional or macroeconomic but also culturally embedded. The study underscores the importance of tailoring financial policies to societal norms to enhance market efficiency and resilience amid global uncertainty
Viral Utterances of Grief and Empathy: A Case Study of Two Major Moments of Social Shock in Bangladesh (2024–25)
Full text linkIn the modern era of accessible digital technology, certain spontaneous utterances of common folks, spoken in moments of distress, moral dilemma, or crisis, reach wide audiences through social media like Facebook and become viral expressions of collective emotion, grievance, or solidarity. This study examines how four viral utterances from two major moments of social shock in Bangladesh, which happened in July 2024 (student uprising regarding a political issue) and in 2025 (the Milestone School aircraft tragedy), became viral and transformed into symbols of social justice, human rights advocacy, and public consciousness. Using discourse analysis, cultural semiotics, and affect theory, the study analyzes how expressions such as “Pani lagbe, pani?”, “Why have you killed my son?” “They are my children too...” and “I knew you would come” became markers of moral courage, solidarity, and public grief. To complement the qualitative analysis, a short questionnaire was distributed among 86 university students to explore how these utterances were interpreted and how users perceive the role of Facebook in transforming private emotions into public symbols. Responses on a 5-point Likert scale reveal that participants overwhelmingly viewed these utterances as expressions of empathy, resistance to inequality, and calls for social justice rather than mere personal cries of distress. The findings demonstrate that viral speech acts in Bangladesh’s digital public sphere can mobilize emotional communities, amplify marginalized voices, and contribute to broader discourses on human rights and peacebuilding
Migration and Immobility in Afghanistan: Understanding Drivers, Consequences, and Their Implications for Peace
Full text linkThis study examines both processes of migration and immobility in Afghanistan by focusing on two groups: Afghans currently residing within the country and Afghan migrants living abroad in Türkiye, Australia, the United States, Pakistan, India, Kyrgyzstan, and France. Utilizing a quantitative methodology, a purposive snowball sampling strategy was employed; two separate 20-question surveys were developed to assess demographics, drivers of migration or immobility, and the resulting impacts on participants’ lives. The questionnaires were provided in English and Dari to maximize accessibility, and data were collected from 56 respondents aged 18 and above (n=34 residing in Afghanistan; n=22 residing abroad) during May and June of 2023. The study concludes that both migration and immobility significantly impact employment, income, social life, mental health, well-being, and access to public services, including healthcare, education, and legal services. Furthermore, migration and immobility influence the sending and receiving of remittances, the overall living situation of Afghans, and the broader prospects for peace. This study fills the gap in immobility literature within the context of Afghanistan and contributes to a deeper understanding of the drivers and consequences of population movement and its implications for peace. In light of the post-August 2021 migration wave, this study provides data for policymakers and academics in the fields of migration, immobility, and peace studies, while advocating for support for both migrants and those who remain in the country
Distorted Values, Disturbed Minds? Who Are We Becoming Online? Digital Disorientation and the Quest for Inner Peace
Full text linkIn today’s hyper-digital environment, peace can no longer be reduced to the absence of physical conflict–it must also include the preservation of mental clarity, ethical orientation, and emotional stability. The study investigates the phenomenon of digital disorientation in Georgia, where rapid digitization, globalized media flows, and limited media literacy intersect to challenge individuals’ psychological resilience and moral coherence. Drawing on a mixed-methods approach that integrates 180 survey responses and 12 in-depth interviews, the study employs fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fs/QCA) to identify the configurations of digital behavior, emotional stress, and coping strategies that contribute to or protect from the erosion of peace of mind across generations. Findings reveal that high screen time, emotional overwhelm, and value confusion, particularly when combined with weak coping mechanisms, are consistently associated with reduced psychological stability. In contrast, the presence of deliberate coping strategies and a sense of ethical clarity mitigates digital overload, even among high-use individuals. Qualitative insights further highlight generational contrasts in media interpretation, emotional response, and moral negotiation. The research emphasizes the need to reconceptualize peacebuilding for the digital age–repositioning ethical clarity and psychological resilience as essential pillars of 21st-century peacebuilding
Le « Songô », un espace d’interactions et de promotion du vivre-ensemble chez les Koulango de Yézimala (Nord-Est de la Côte d’Ivoire)
Full text linkCet article interroge les principes du vivre-ensemble à travers la fête traditionnelle « Songô » chez les Koulango de Yézimala. Il cherche à comprendre comment le « Songô », par son déroulement, constitue un espace communicationnel et un outil de cohésion sociale, dans un contexte de conflits de plus en plus récurrents au sein des sociétés traditionnelles ivoiriennes. L’étude analyse également l’implication des entités villageoises de Yézimala et de celles soumises à son autorité coutumière dans la création de cet espace culturel atypique. Elle s’appuie sur des entretiens individuels semi-directifs auprès de personnes ressources. Au plan théorique, elle mobilise le culturalisme et le fonctionnalisme. Les résultats révèlent une triple importance du « Songô » pour les populations rurales étudiées. D’abord, lié au récit historique de création du village de Yézimala et de ceux sous son autorité, le « Songô » fait appel, dans son déroulement, à des rites et symboles ancestraux perpétués depuis des générations. Il s’achève par des actes de réconciliation essentiels à la cohésion sociale, ferment du vivre-ensemble. Le travail met ainsi en lumière cette fête traditionnelle comme un outil de communication remplissant des fonctions de socialisation, de prévention et de résolution des conflits.
This article examines the principles of living together through the traditional festival “Songô” among the Koulango people of Yézimala. It seeks to understand how the “Songô” festival, through its process, constitutes a communication space and a tool for social cohesion, in a context of increasingly recurrent conflicts within traditional Ivorian societies. The study also analyzes the involvement of the village entities of Yézimala and those under its customary authority in the creation of this atypical cultural space. It is based on semi-structured individual interviews with key informants. On a theoretical level, it mobilizes culturalism and functionalism. The results reveal a threefold importance of the “Songô” for the studied rural populations.Firstly, linked to the historical narrative of the creation of the village of Yézimala and those under its authority, the “Songô”, in its unfolding, calls upon ancestral rites and symbols perpetuated for generations, concluding with acts of reconciliation necessary for social cohesion, which is the bedrock of living together in society. The work thus discovers this traditional festival as a communication tool in its functions of socialization, prevention, and conflict resolution
Impact de la dynamique des exportations sur la qualité des infrastructures de transport en Afrique subsaharienne
Full text linkL’objectif de cette étude est d’évaluer l’impact de la dynamique des exportations sur la qualité des infrastructures de transport dans 32 pays d’Afrique subsaharienne sur la période 2009–2019. Pour ce faire, un modèle ARDL dynamique de panel a été utilisé. Des tests préliminaires, notamment ceux de Pédroni (2004) et Westerlund (2007), ont révélé l’existence d’une relation de cointégration à long terme entre les séries considérées. Les résultats montrent que les coefficients estimés sur les exportations et sur le taux de croissance du PIB sont positifs et statistiquement significatifs à la fois à court et à long terme. Par ailleurs, à long terme, les indicateurs institutionnels, tels que la stabilité politique et le contrôle de la corruption, exercent un impact positif et significatif sur l’indice de qualité des infrastructures (routes, aéroports et ports). L’utilisation de méthodes d’estimation complémentaires, telles que les moindres carrés entièrement modifiés (FMOLS) et les moindres carrés ordinaires dynamiques (DOLS), a permis de confirmer la robustesse des résultats. Ces conclusions suggèrent que la croissance des exportations, lorsqu’elle est accompagnée d’institutions solides, contribue significativement à l’amélioration de la qualité des infrastructures de transport en Afrique subsaharienne, soulignant ainsi le rôle des échanges commerciaux et de la gouvernance dans le développement des infrastructures.
This article examines the impact of export dynamics on the quality of transport infrastructure in 32 sub-Saharan African countries over the period 2009–2019. The analysis is conducted within the framework of a dynamic panel ARDL model. Preliminary cointegration tests, namely those of Pedroni (2004) and Westerlund (2007), confirm the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship among the variables. The empirical results reveal that exports and GDP growth exert positive and statistically significant effects on infrastructure quality both in the short and long run. In addition, institutional factors, particularly political stability and control of corruption, are found to enhance infrastructure quality in the long run. Robustness checks performed using fully modified least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) corroborate these findings. The evidence suggests that sustained export growth, when accompanied by strong institutional frameworks, plays a crucial role in improving the quality of transport infrastructure in sub-Saharan Africa. These results highlight the complementary role of trade expansion and governance in fostering infrastructure development
Navigating Strategic Waters: Hydropolitical Disputes and Pathways to Peace in South Asia’s Indus and GangesBrahmaputra River Basins
Full text linkSouth Asia’s Indus and Ganges-Brahmaputra river basins, vital for over 1.9 billion people across India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan, are flashpoints for hydropolitical conflicts driven by geopolitical tensions, competing water demands, and climate change. India’s 2025 suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT) amid the Kashmir dispute has disrupted data-sharing and arbitration, escalating India-Pakistan tensions. Concurrently, India-Bangladesh disputes persist over the Ganges Water Sharing Treaty’s 2026 expiration, the unresolved Teesta River issue, and China’s upstream Brahmaputra damming. Secondary data from policy documents, diplomatic records (2015–2025), hydrological reports, and academic literature indicate that 68% of stakeholders support regional cooperation, yet mistrust and India’s upstream dominance hinder progress. Climate change, with glacial melt and erratic monsoons, exacerbates water insecurity. This study advocates for neutral mediation, data transparency, and climate-resilient governance, with targeted peacebuilding strategies for India-Pakistan and India-Bangladesh, to transform conflicts into cooperative opportunities. Without urgent diplomatic efforts, these disputes pose a threat to regional stability. This study is primarily based on a thematic analysis approach and incorporates discourse where relevant. Drawing on scholarly insights, principal findings reveal the potential of environmental peacebuilding, joint data sharing, and regional platforms to transform water conflicts into opportunities for collaboration
Etiologies et facteurs associés au décès chez les patients hospitalisés pour méningo-encéphalite au service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales du Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) de Donka, Guinée
Full text linkIntroduction : Les méningo-encéphalites sont des processus inflammatoires du tissu cérébral, responsables des troubles du système nerveux central associés à des anomalies du liquide céphalorachidien. L’objectif de ce travail était d’identifier les étiologies et les facteurs associés au décès chez les patients hospitalisés pour méningo-encéphalite. Matériel et Méthodes : Il s’agissait d’une étude rétrospective de type descriptif et analytique sur une période de 5 ans allant du 25 juin 2018 au 25 juin 2023 au service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales du CHU de Donka. Les dossiers des patients âgés de 15 ans ou plus, de tout sexe, de toute provenance, hospitalisés pour méningo-encéphalite durant la période d’étude ont été inclus. Tous les dossiers de patients transférés ou sortis contre avis médical, et/ou incomplets ont été exclus. Pour le recueil des données, nous avons procédé à un recrutement exhaustif de tous les dossiers de patients répondant aux critères de sélection durant la période considérée. Les paramètres étudiés ont été les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, le tableau clinique et le devenir des patients. Résultats : Sur un total de 1473 patients, 272 cas de méningoencéphalites ont été colligés soit une prévalence de 18,47%. L’âge moyen des patients était de 38,19 ans±14,37 ans avec un sex-ratio de 1,08. La fièvre (206/272 ; 75,73%) et les céphalées (198/272 ; 72,79%) étaient les signes les plus fréquemment retrouvés. La méningo-encéphalite à germe non identifié (73/272 ; 26,84%), la toxoplasmose cérébrale (69/272 ; 25,37%) et la tuberculose neuroméningée (41/272 ; 15,07%) ont été les diagnostics les pus retrouvés. Les troubles de la conscience et la durée d’hospitalisation supérieure à 7 jours ont été les facteurs associés au décès au cours de cette étude. Conclusion : Les étiologies des méningo-encéphalites sont diverses et variées et les troubles de la conscience constituent l’un des facteurs associés au décès au cours de ce travail. Des études multicentriques seraient très intéressantes pour confirmer cette tendance.
Introduction: Meningoencephalitis refers to an inflammatory process affecting brain tissue, leading to central nervous system disorders and abnormalities in cerebrospinal fluid. This paper focuses on identifying the etiologies and factors associated with death in patients hospitalized for meningoencephalitis. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study conducted over a 5-year period from June 25, 2018, to June 25, 2023, in the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department of Donka University Hospital. The study included records of patients aged 15 years or older, of any sex and origin, who were hospitalized for meningoencephalitis during the study period. Records of patients who were transferred, discharged against medical advice, or incomplete were excluded. Data collection involved an exhaustive review of all patient records meeting the selection criteria during the study period. The parameters studied included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and patient outcomes. Results: Out of a total of 1,473 patients, 272 cases of meningoencephalitis were recorded, representing a prevalence of 18.47%. The mean age of patients was 38.19 years ± 14.37 years, with a sex ratio of 1.08. Fever (206/272; 75.73%) and headaches (198/272; 72.79%) were the most frequently reported symptoms. The most common diagnoses were meningoencephalitis of unidentified etiology (73/272; 26.84%), cerebral toxoplasmosis (69/272; 25.37%), and neuromeningeal tuberculosis (37/272, 15.07%). Impaired consciousness and hospitalization duration greater than 7 days were factors associated with death in this study. Conclusion: The etiologies of meningoencephalitis are diverse, and impaired consciousness was one of the factors associated with death in this study. Multicenter studies would be valuable to confirm these findings
Effects of organic fertilizers and tillage on yield and its components of three varieties of Corchorus olitorius L. produced in South Benin
Full text linkThis study aims to evaluate the influence of organic fertilizer and tillage on the agro-morphological characteristics of three varieties of jute. A split plot design with three factors was installed in 02 repetitions. The main factor consists of the type of soil with 02 levels one of which is frequently plowed and the second of which has not been exploited during the last 5 years. The secondary factor is the dose of organic fertilizer with 08 levels including 0.5 kg/m2, 0.75 kg/m2, and 1 kg/m2 of poultry dung; 2 kg/m2, 2.5 kg/m2, 3 kg/m2 of cow dung; and one control without fertilizer, and the third factor is variety with 3 variants. The data collected during the trial were entered and processed in the Excel 2016 spreadsheet and subjected to various analyses including descriptive statistics, and analysis of variance with the Statitica software. The principal component analysis was performed with R 4.2.1 software and identified characters that are controlled by the treatments applied. The performance of the different varieties was assessed in the different study environments. The results show that soil amendment with varying doses of poultry dung associated with tillage improves the agro-morphological parameters of the plant. This association shows better improvement in seedling height, leaves, and biomass compared to the use of cow dung. Thus, organic fertilizer efficiently contributes to soil fertility improvement. The difference inthe contribution of these organic fertilizers to the improvement of soil status and crop yields could be due to the difference in organic matter and nutrients contained
Evaluando variables que impactan en la creación de empresas en consultoría de recursos humanos en poblaciones medianas con presencia de PYMES
Full text linkEn el contexto de las empresas de gestión externa de recursos humanos y la tercerización en contratación de personal, se hace necesario analizar y evaluar los factores que impactan en la creación y el desempeño de este tipo de organizaciones. El entorno colombiano presenta una gran variedad de condiciones qué favorece en su desarrollo, entre las cuales destaca la significativa presencia de Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas (PYMES). El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la viabilidad de establecer una empresa consultora en Talento Humano (TH) en Santa Marta (Colombia), una ciudad intermedia caracterizada por la notable presencia de PYMES.
El estudio adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño descriptivo, concluyente, de corte transversal, utilizando una muestra de 41 PYMES. Los resultados del análisis descriptivo mostraron una aceptación positiva, puesto que el 83 %, de la muestra considera que la contratación de una consultoría en TH mejoraría sus procesos. Asimismo, el 88 % de las PYMES tiene conocimiento de empresas de TH, y un 27 % expresó mayor interés en contratar servicios de asesoría integral. Las PYMES señalaron como prioritarios los servicios de asesoría en reclutamiento, selección y retención de personal así como en bienestar y la elaboración de escalas salariales ajustadas al contexto económico local. Finalmente, se destacó el alto valor asignado a los perfiles profesionales de los consultores, así como a su presencia física en oficinas locales.
In the context of external human resource management companies and personnel outsourcing, it is essential to analyze and evaluate the factors that influence the establishment and performance of these organizations. The Colombian context offers a wide range of conditions conducive to their development, among which the significant presence of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) stands out. This study aims to assess the feasibility of establishing a Human Resources (HR) consulting firm in Santa Marta (Colombia), an intermediate-sized city characterized by a notable presence of SMEs.
The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive, conclusive, and cross-sectional design, using a sample of 41 SMEs. The descriptive analysis revealed positive acceptance, with 83 % of the sample considering that hiring an HR consultancy would improve their processes. Furthermore, 88 % of the SMEs are aware of HR consulting firms, with 27 % expressing a preference for comprehensive advisory services. The SMEs highlighted the importance of advisory services in recruitment, selection, and retention of personnel, as well as in employee well-being and the development of salary scales aligned with the local economic context. Lastly, the high value placed on the professional profiles of consultants, along with their physical presence in local offices, was emphasized