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Modelling Waste Water Flow in Hollow Fibre Filters
No full textAbstract: In this paper we present a model to describe the process of waste water filtration based on hollow-fibre membrane filters. In particular, we deal with membranes whose pores diameter is in the range 0.01 -0.1 µm, i.e. we consider the so-called ultrafiltration process. The main problem in these filtering systems is the membrane fouling: some of the particles to be filtered attaches on the membrane outer surface, soiling the medium and reducing the filtration efficiency. The mathematical model consists in two equations for the Darcy's flow through the filter, coupled with an advection-diffusion-reaction equation and an evolution equation. We solved the model by COMSOL, exploiting the Earth Science module and the Diffusion mode. The preliminary result of simulations shows that the qualitative behaviour of the solution is coherent with the experimental evidence
The Adomian Decomposition Method for Solving a Moving Boundary Problem Arising from the Diffusion of Oxygen in Absorbing Tissue
No full textThis paper begins by giving the results obtained by the Crank-Gupta method and Gupta-Banik method for the oxygen diffusion problem in absorbing tissue, and then we propose a new resolution method for this problem by the Adomian decomposition method. An approximate analytical solution is obtained, which is demonstrated to be quite accurate by comparison with the numerical and approximate solutions obtained by Crank and Gupta. The study confirms the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm for analytic approximate solutions of this problem
WDG (148Â225mm) TimesM J-1534 Semiotica, 161 PMU: S(R) 12/05
No full textAbstract The article aspires to present a systematized view on the contemporary understanding of metaphor essence and structure, reviews various classifications of metaphor, and discusses cognate 'similarity-based' phenomena in natural language. The opposing views on metaphor as a three-and twocomponent structure are reconciled in the article through the analysis of di¤erent kinds of metaphors. Three types of classifications of metaphorsemantic, structural and functional -are specified and reviewed. Finally, the article examines the cognate phenomena, viz. metaphoric personification (prosopopoeia, pathetic fallacy, apostrophe), animalification, metaphoric antonomasia, metaphoric allusion, metaphoric periphrasis, synesthesia, allegory, and metaphoric symbolism. Possibly no other complex semiotic phenomenon has received such a broad theoretic coverage as metaphor. Aristotle, Rousseau, Lomonosov, Hegel, Nietzsche, Cassirer, Ortega-y-Gasset, Ricouer and other prominent thinkers have tapped at the ontological roots of metaphor; in philology and linguistics (including theory of literature, etymology, linguistic pragmatics, and cognitive linguistics) the concept of metaphor has been developed by such deceased and living scholars as A. Despite the variety of approaches to metaphor as a phenomenon the views on its nature and structure are essentially alike. Aristotle in his On the Art of Poetry wrote that one should see similarities in order to create a good metaphor (Aristotle 1984: 669). His definition of metaphor as a Semiotic
Sustainable Fisheries Management: A Spatial Policy Assessment for Archipelagic State
No full text__________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract The United Nation Convention on The Law of The Sea (UNCLOS) states the role of coastal state to manage the EEZ, as in article 61 about the conservation of the living resources and articles 62 about the utilization of the living resources. Indonesia should take the opportunity of these articles in order to manage sustainable environment of territory. Hereby, Indonesia may support the scientific evidence to determine the allowable catch of living resources by providing best scenarios of sustainable management of the living resources. Both can be analyzed using spatial ecological model of capture fisheries. Using the model, the stock and the allowable catching limit can be determined beforehand in spatial manner. An example of the local assessment of national territory may describe the important role of this model to be further implemented in the EEZ. This study is significant to manage the sustainability of EEZ waters through international cooperation
AXIALLY SYMMETRIC TEMPERATURE STRESSES IN AN ELASTIC ISOTROPIC CYLINDER OF FINITE LENGTH
No full textWe consider an axially symmetric problem of the thermostressed state of a solid cylinder of finite length with a load-free surface. Using the method of superposition, we have constructed the complete analytical solution of this problem, which is reduced to the solution of a system of linear algebraic equations. We have proposed a method for determining the asymptotic behavior of coefficients in these systems, which enables us to develop an efficient algorithm for the calculation of stresses in the cylinder, including regions near its end-face circles. Typical examples are considered
Curbing Ebola infections among healthcare workers in West Africa: unconventional strategies needed
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Resist materials for proton micromachining
No full textAbstract The production of high aspect ratio microstructures is a potential growth area. The combination of deep X-ray lithography with electroforming and micromolding (i.e. LIGA) is one of the main techniques used to produce 3D microstructures. The new technique of proton micromachining employs focused MeV protons in a direct write process which is complementary to LIGA, e.g. micromachining with 2 MeV protons results in microstructures with a height of 63 lm and lateral sub-micrometer resolution in PMMA resist. The aim of this paper is to investigate the capabilities of proton micromachining as a lithographic technique. This involves the study of dierent types of resists. The dose distribution of high molecular weight PMMA is compared with three other types of resist: First the positive photo resist AZ P4620 will be discussed and then PMGI SF 23, which can be used as a deep UV, e-beam or X-ray resist. Finally SU-8, a new deep UV negative type of chemically ampli®ed resist will be discussed. All these polymers are applied using the spin coating technique at thicknesses of between 1 and 36 lm
Including Transformation Products into the Risk Assessment for Chemicals: The Case of Nonylphenol Ethoxylate Usage in Switzerland
No full textA method for applying the risk assessment approach using ratios of predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) and predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) to mixtures of parent compounds and their environmental transformation products is presented. Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPnEOs) and a selection of their most relevant transformation products are investigated as a case study illustrating the method. The PEC values of NPnEO and its transformation products are calculated with a regional multimedia fate model including the transformation kinetics of the NPnEO degradation cascade. PNEC values are derived from a selection of toxicity data on NPnEO and its transformation products. The toxicity of the emerging mixture of NPnEO and its transformation products is then estimated under the assumption of concentration addition (similar mode of action). On this basis, PEC-to-PNEC ratios for the aquatic environment and the sediment are calculated for the individual components of the mixture and the mixture itself. For this purpose, average release rates of NPnEO and its transformation products from Swiss sewage treatment plants were used. While the PEC values of the individual components do not exceed the corresponding PNEC values, the risk quotient of the mixture in water is greater than 1. In sediment, the mixture does not exceed a risk quotient of 1. A combination of sensitivity and scenario analyses is employed to identify the upper and lower bounds of the results
Hierarchical classification for Multilingual Language Identification and Named Entity Recognition
Get PDFABSTRACT This paper describes the approach for Subtask-1 of the FIRE-2015 Shared Task on Mixed Script Information Retrieval. The subtask involved multilingual language identification (including mixed words and anomalous foreign words), named entity recognition (NER) and subclassification. The proposed methodology starts with cleaning the data and then extracting structural and contextual features from the text for further processing. A subset of these features is selected (based on validation) for training supervised classifiers, separately for language identification and NER. Finally, they are applied hierarchically to annotate the entire text. The detected named entities are further subclassified by a novel unsupervised technique based on query refinement and keyword based scoring. The proposed approach on the testing dataset of the shared task showed promising results with a weighed F-measure of 0.8082. However, it is worth noting that the classifiers have been sub-optimal with respect to discriminating between certain linguistically similar languages (for e.g., Gujarati in Hindi and Gujarati pairs). The proposed approach is flexible and robust enough to handle additional languages for identification as well as anomalous foreign or extraneous words. The implementation of the approach has also been shared for the purpose of future research usage