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12-M402P.doc
No full textAbstract-This research examines the critical success factors that enable better IT absorption, assimilation, proliferation and to perform the important business functions in some of the large-sized public sector undertakings of key importance in India. There is a shortfall of empirical research in this area in India. Therefore, a study and survey of three important Public sector Indian Petroleum organizations has been conducted. The results have been obtained on the basis of survey, interview and field observational findings of 368 managers of these organizations. Several key important Critical Success factors (enablers and inhibitors) were identified-based upon resource, capability and the cultural view of these organizations. This sector is very important in India due to its economic, industrial and social impact. The findings of this study will help in effectively managing the IT for the better business and competitive advantage. Further this study will entail enablers and inhibitors for other Industry in India. The study is special importance as critical success factors of IT Alignment have been under studied in Indian context. This study highlights several factors of key importance for understanding alignment. Recommendations are provided to help achieving better alignment in these organizations
Public Spending in a Model of Endogenous Growth with Habit Formation
Get PDFThis paper introduces habit-forming preferences in a Barro-type endogenous growth model with productive public services. Government expenditure, which may be subject to congestion, is financed by distortionary income taxation. Different from the standard time-separable model, the presence of habits makes the economy feature transitional dynamics, which are solved in closed form. Setting the income tax so as to equate the elasticity of public services in production is shown to maximize both long-run growth and welfare as in the standard model. This second-best solution coincides with the first-best outcome only in the presence of proportional congestion
Soil depth affects simulated carbon and water in the MC2 dynamic global vegetation model
Get PDFA B S T R A C T Climate change has significant effects on critical ecosystem functions such as carbon and water cycling. Vegetation and especially forest ecosystems play an important role in the carbon and hydrological cycles. Vegetation models that include detailed belowground processes require accurate soil data to decrease uncertainty and increase realism in their simulations. The MC2 DGVM uses three modules to simulate biogeography, biogeochemistry and fire effects, all three of which use soil data either directly or indirectly. This study includes a correlation analysis of the MC2 model to soil depth by comparing a subset of the model's carbon and hydrological outputs using soil depth data of different scales and qualities. The results show that the model is very sensitive to soil depth in simulations of carbon and hydrological variables, but competing algorithms make the fire module less sensitive to changes in soil depth. Simulated historic evapotranspiration and net primary productivity show the strongest positive correlations (both have correlation coefficients of 0.82). The strongest negative correlation is streamflow (À0.82). Ecosystem carbon, vegetation carbon and forest carbon show the next strongest correlations (0.78, 0.74 and 0.74, respectively). Carbon consumed by forest fires and the part of each grid cell burned show only weak negative correlations (À0.24 and À0.0013 respectively). In the model, when the water demand is met (deep soil with good water availability), production increases and fuels build up as more litter gets generated, thus increasing the overall fire risk during upcoming dry periods. However, when soil moisture is low, fuels dry and fire risk increases. In conclusion, it is clear climate change impact models need accurate soil depth data to simulate the resilience or vulnerability of ecosystems to future conditions
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Get PDFAbstract : The scope and diversity of immunoassay technology has shown phenomenal growth
Nanoscale characterization of isolated individual type I collagen fibrils: polarization and piezoelectricity
Get PDFAbstract Piezoresponse force microscopy was applied to directly study individual type I collagen fibrils with diameters of ∼100 nm isolated from bovine Achilles tendon. It was revealed that single collagen fibrils behave predominantly as shear piezoelectric materials with a piezoelectric coefficient on the order of 1 pm V −1 , and have unipolar axial polarization throughout their entire length. It was estimated that, under reasonable shear load conditions, the fibrils were capable of generating an electric potential up to tens of millivolts. The result substantiates the nanoscale origin of piezoelectricity in bone and tendons, and implies also the potential importance of the shear load-transfer mechanism, which has been the principle basis of the nanoscale mechanics model of collagen, in mechanoelectric transduction in bone
Prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Pediatrics. 2014; 134(5):855–866. [PubMed: 25349310
No full texta b s t r a c t Background: The prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and partial FAS (PFAS) in the United States (US) are not well known. Methods: This active case ascertainment study in a Rocky Mountain Region City assessed the prevalence and traits of children with FAS and PFAS and linked them to maternal risk factors. Diagnoses made by expert clinical dysmorphologists in multidisciplinary case conferences utilized all components of the study: dysmorphology and physical growth, neurobehavior, and maternal risk interviews. Results: Direct parental (active) consent was obtained for 1278 children. Averages for key physical diagnostic traits and several other minor anomalies were significantly different among FAS, PFAS, and randomly-selected, normal controls. Cognitive tests and behavioral checklists discriminated the diagnostic groups from controls on 12 of 14 instruments. Mothers of children with FAS and PFAS were significantly lower in educational attainment, shorter, later in pregnancy recognition, and suffered more depression, and used marijuana and methamphetamine during their pregnancy. Most pre-pregnancy and pregnancy drinking measures were worse for mothers of FAS and PFAS. Excluding a significant difference in simply admitting drinking during the index pregnancy (FAS and PFAS = 75% vs. 39.4% for controls), most quantitative intergroup differences merely approached significance. This community's prevalence of FAS is 2.9-7.5 per 1000, PFAS is 7.9-17.7 per 1000, and combined prevalence is 10.9-25.2 per 1000 or 1.1-2.5%. Conclusions: Comprehensive, active case ascertainment methods produced rates of FAS and PFAS higher than predicted by long-standing, popular estimates
Estimating Structured High-Dimensional Covariance and Precision Matrices: Optimal Rates and Adaptive Estimation
Get PDFAbstract This is an expository paper that reviews recent developments on optimal estimation of structured high-dimensional covariance and precision matrices. Minimax rates of convergence for estimating several classes of structured covariance and precision matrices, including bandable, Toeplitz, and sparse covariance matrices as well as sparse precision matrices, are given under the spectral norm loss. Data-driven adaptive procedures for estimating various classes of matrices are presented. Some key technical tools including large deviation results and minimax lower bound arguments that are used in the theoretical analyses are discussed. In addition, estimation under other losses and a few related problems such as Gaussian graphical models, sparse principal component analysis, and hypothesis testing on the covariance structure are considered. Some open problems on estimating high-dimensional covariance and precision matrices and their functionals are also discussed
ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ О ФИЛОСОФСКОЙ И ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ТРАКТОВКЕ ЯВЛЕНИЯ ИНФАНТИЛИЗМА PHILOSOPHICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFINITION OF THE PHENOMENON OF INFANTILISM
No full textВ данной статье приводится теоретический обзор понятий «личностная незрелость», «личностная ин-фантильность» с точек зрения философии и психологии. Автор статьи предлагает анализ смены обществен-ного мнения о понятии инфантилизма в философии. Отмечено, что исследование данной темы актуально в силу того, что данное явление свойственно достаточно многим молодым людям в современном мире. При-водится ряд философских взглядов, научных воззрений, пытающихся вскрыть причинно-следственные свя-зи развития инфантильной личности. Обсуждается вопрос идентичности личности с инфантильными прояв-лениями. Предлагается к обсуждению психологический профиль инфантильной личности. Немаловажным является и то, что автор пишет об основных предпосылках развития инфантильных черт у подрастающего поколения. Автор на основе большого фактического материала описывает основные проявления инфантиль-ной личности: непринятие неопределенности ситуации, избегание самостоятельного выбора, проявление эгоцентризма, возложение ответственности за принятие решения на плечи другого человека, неадекватная оценка действительности, завышенная самооценка, ригидность мышления, повышенная внушаемость, от-сутствие стремления к самоактуализации, слабые способности саморефлексии. The theoretical review of the concepts «personal immaturity», «personal infantilism» from the points of view of philosophy and psychology is provided in this article. The author of article offers the analysis of change of public opinion to concept of infantility of philosophy. It is noted that research of this subject actually, that this phenomenon is peculiar to rather many young people in the modern world. A number of philosophical views, the scientifi c views torturing to open relationships of cause and effect of development of the infantile personality is given. The question of identity of the personality is discussed with infantile manifestations. The psychological profi le of the infantile personality is offered to discussion. Also that the author writes about the main prerequisites of development of infantile lines in younger generation is important. The author, on the basis of big actual material describes the main manifestations of the infantile personality: rejection of uncertainty of a situation, avoiding of an independent choice, manifestation of an egocentrism, assignment of responsibility for decision-making on shoulders of other person, an inadequate assessment of reality, high self-esteem, a thinking rigidnost, the increased suggestibility, absence of aspiration to self-updating, low abilities of a self-refl ection. Keywords: infantility, personal maturity, immaturity of the personality, youthful age, maturity, consciousness, initiative, egocentrism, passivity На сегодняшний день запросы общества по-прежнему остаются высокими и тре-буют от молодежи зрелости, прежде все-го психологической. Молодое поколение всегда оказывало значительное влияние на протекание социальной жизни общества. Поэтому особенно сейчас одной из наибо-лее важных является проблема личностной зрелости подрастающего поколения. В современном мире мы все чаще на-блюдаем признаки личностной незрелости, снижение инициативности, оскудение цен-ностных ориентаций у молодежи. Измени-лись приоритеты, общее мировоззрение, принципы и идеалы молодых людей совре-менности. Стремление к самоактуализации, саморефлексии отошло на второй план. За-висимость от мнения окружающих, несамо-стоятельность в принятии решений, чрез-мерная импульсивность стали основными характеристиками подрастающего поколе-ния. Все эти признаки характеризуют такой феномен, как инфантильность [5, 8]. Появление инфантильности у молоде-жи во многом обусловлено особенностями социума. Родители слишком много балуют, проявляют к своим детям чрезмерно много заботы, перетекающей в гиперопеку. Такое воспитание приводит к снижению способ-ности уже выросших детей самостоятельно решать что-либо, дети привыкают, что все решения принимаются без них, по чьей-то другой воле (воле родителей), а в дальней-шем продолжают относиться к этому как к норме их существования. Родители, сами того не подозревая, желая только добра сво-им детям, формируют у них инфантильное самосознание. А уже потом эти же дети
