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P (2012) Appetite for destruction: The impact of the September 11 attacks on business founding. Indust. Corporate Change 21(1):127–149
No full texty It is widely accepted that entrepreneurial creation affects destruction, as new and better organizations, technologies and transactions replace old ones. This phenomenon is labeled creative destruction, but it might more accurately be called destructive creation, given the driving role of creation in the process. We reverse the typical causal ordering, and ask whether destruction may drive creation. We argue that economic systems may get stuck in suboptimal equilibria due to path dependence, and that destruction may sweep away this inertia, and open the way for entrepreneurship. To test this idea, we need an exogenous destructive shock, rather than destruction that is endogenous to the process of economic progress. Our identification strategy relies on the September 11 attacks as an exogenous destructive shock to the economic system centered on New York City. Consistent with our theoretical claim, we find that 15 months after the attacks the rate of business founding close to New York City exceeds the rate before the attacks, even after controlling for the inflow of recovery funds. Furthermore, the increase in the business founding rate after the attacks grows faster closer to Manhattan than it does further away from the epicenter of destruction. JEL classification: L26, O31, O43
Idle Object Detection in Video for Banking ATM Applications
Get PDFAbstract: This study proposes a method to detect idle object and applies it for analysis of suspicious events. Partitioning and Normalized Cross Correlation (PNCC) based algorithm is proposed for the detection of moving object. This algorithm takes less processing time, which increases the speed and also the detection rate. In this an approach is proposed for the detection and tracking of moving object in an image sequence. Two consecutive frames from image sequence are partitioned into four quadrants and then the Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) is applied to each sub frame. The sub frame which has minimum value of NCC, indicates the presence of moving object. The proposed system is going to use the suspicious tracking of human behaviour in video surveillance and it is mainly used for security purpose in ATM application. The suspicious object's visual properties so that it can be accurately segmented from videos. After analyzing its subsequent motion features, different abnormal events like robbery can be effectively detected from videos. The suspicious action in ATM are many, such as using mobile phones, multiple persons trying to access the ATM machine in same time, kicking of each other, idle object and it shows event corresponding to Vandalism and robbery. In proposed system, idle object detection is used to identify by using PNCC algorithm with P-filter (Particle) and by extracting the features of the object in an enhanced way by using the curvelet based transformation
Formation of quasi-periodic nano-and microstructures on silicon surface under IR and UV femtosecond laser pulses
No full textON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A SECURE MUSICAL DATABASE MATCHING
No full textABSTRACT This paper presents an implementation of a privacypreserving music database matching algorithm, showing how privacy is achieved at the cost of computational complexity and execution time. The paper presents not only implementation details but also an analysis of the obtained results in terms of communication between the two parties, computational complexity, execution time and correctness of the matching algorithm. Although the paper focus on a music matching application, the principles can be easily adapted to perform other tasks, such as speaker verification and keyword spotting
A Consortium Model for Internationalizing Teacher Education
No full textAbstract A reformation in the process of training teachers is needed. This reforming of the long kept principles and practices for the education of pre-service teachers could be addressed through the framework of internationalizing teacher education. This paper offers a model that challenges teacher educators Internationalizing teacher education: a shift in philosophy and action A reformation in the process of training teachers is needed to move teacher education toward a more global approach. This reforming of the long kept principles and practices for the education of pre-service teachers could be addressed through the framework of internationalizing teacher education. This paper offers a model that challenges teacher educators, schools of education, licensing policy makers, and philanthropic entities to pick up the gauntlet and charge forward for the purpose of redefining teacher education programs which will elicit the corroboration and collaboration of transcontinental academies of teaching and learning. Within this four pronged proposal is a framework that can be adapted and extended and may only require the re-commissioning of current policies, or fiscal and human resources to reflect a more globally sentient approach to teaching and learning and the training of teachers for the primary through secondary age learner. Globalization is having a dramatic effect on higher education worldwid
ANALYSIS OF SPACE FRAME-STRAP FOOTING-SOIL SYSTEM TO INVESTIGATE COLUMN FORCES UNDER SEISMIC LOADING
No full textABSTRACT Previous studies emphasis to consider the effect of soil-structure interaction in the design process of low-rise buildings resting on shallow foundations for safe seismic design. Also, there may be a situation where column(s) of a building are located near adjoining property line. In this situation, an eccentric footing is generally provided. This causes angular rotation in such individual footings due to moment developed by eccentric loading. The strap beams may be provided under such circumstances in order to control the rotation within permissible values. In the present work, the seismic interaction analysis of a three-bay three-storey RCC space frame-footing-strap beam-soil system is carried out to investigate the interaction behavior using the finite element method. The frame, foundation and supporting soil mass are considered to be linear elastic and to act as a single compatible structural unit for more realistic analysis. The seismic analyses of space frame-isolated footing-soil and space frame-strap footing-soil systems are carried out to evaluate the forces in the columns. The emphasis is made on the necessity of interaction analysis using strap beams
Outcomes in a 2-phase randomized clinical trial of early Class II treatment
Get PDFIn a 2-phased, parallel, randomized trial of early (preadolescent) versus later (adolescent) treatment for children with severe (Ͼ7 mm overjet) Class II malocclusions who initially were developmentally at least a year before their peak pubertal growth, favorable growth changes were observed in about 75% of those receiving early treatment with either a headgear or a functional appliance. After a second phase of fixed appliance treatment for both the previously treated children and the untreated controls, however, early treatment had little effect on the subsequent treatment outcomes measured as skeletal change, alignment, and occlusion of the teeth, or length and complexity of treatment. The differences created between the treated children and untreated control group by phase 1 treatment before adolescence disappeared when both groups received comprehensive fixed appliance treatment during adolescence. This suggests that 2-phase treatment started before adolescence in the mixed dentition might be no more clinically effective than 1-phase treatment started during adolescence in the early permanent dentition. Early treatment also appears to be less efficient, in that it produced no reduction in the average time a child is in fixed appliances during a second stage of treatment, and it did not decrease the proportion of complex treatments involving extractions or orthognathic surgery. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2004;125:657-67
Effects of sheep grazing and precipitation patterns on sandy grassland vegetation in Inner Mongolia, China
Get PDFAbstract-To understand the effects of grazing by domestic sheep and of precipitation on sandy grassland vegetation in northern China, a field grazing and enclosures experiment was conducted from 1992 to 2006 in Horqin Sand Land, Inner Mongolia. Results indicated that (1) overgrazing resulted in severe damage to grassland vegetation, but moderate grazing had no significant effects on species richness and diversity, though it can result in a slight decrease in plant cover and height, while light grazing or no grazing (enclosures by fence) benefited the restoration of degraded vegetation; (2) although average species richness, plant diversity, vegetation cover and canopy height were higher in rainy years or warm, moist periods than in drought years or sustained drought periods, the differences in height and species richness were not significant; (3) continuous overgrazing can result in unpalatable herbage becoming dominant in the grassland community; (4) a sustained wet climate was favorable to perennial herbage and annual mesophytes, while annual xerophytes became dominant under sustained drought; (5) the proper grazing intensity for the Horqin sandy grassland is 3-4 sheep per hectare in rainy years, which should be reduced to 2-3 sheep per hectare in drought years