Molecular and Cellular Biomedical Sciences (E-Journal)
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Antioxidant Effects of Red Fruit Oil on MMP-1 Gene Expression and Malondialdehyde Levels on Skin Exposed to UVB Rays
Get PDFBackground: Chronic exposure ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. Furthermore, ROS will induce the formation of malondialdehyde and increase matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression. One strategy against the free radicals effects is by consuming antioxidants. This study aims to analyze the antioxidants effect of red fruit oil (RFO) on MMP-1 expression and malondialdehyde levels due to exposure to UVB rays.Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups. The P0 group was not given treatment, the P1 group was only exposed to UVB light, the P2 group was exposed to UVB light and given 0.5 mL/200 g body weight (BW) of RFO, the P3 group was exposed to UVB light and given 1 mL/200 g BW of RFO, and group P4 exposed to UVB rays and given 2 mL/200 g BW of RFO. Experimental animals would be examined for MMP-1 expression and malondialdehyde level. RFO would be identified with β-carotene and tocopherol content.Results: Beta-carotene and tocopherol were detected in RFO. RFO reduced significantly MMP-1 expression (p0.05).Conclusion: Our research demonstrates RFO containing tocopherol and β-carotene can reduce the MMP-1 expression, but does not affect malondialdehyde levels due to exposure to UVB rays. An effective dose that can reduce malondialdehyde levels and MMP-1 expression is 1 mL/200 g BW.Keywords: red fruit oil, antioxidant, skin, MMP-1 expression, malondialdehyde, UVB rays, photoaging
Correlation Between Pyridoxal 5’-Phospate Level And Valproic Acid In Epilepsy Children
Get PDFBackground: It is important to maintain the adequate level of vitamin B6 to ensure stable metabolism. Vitamin B6 serum level might decreased by absorption disturbance or increasing demand. Valproic acid increase the synthesis of serum GABAergic in the other hand vitamin B6 is required as cofactor for gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) formation. The dosage and duration of valproic acid therapy might be correlated with vitamin B6 serum level. The aim of this study is to know the correlation between vitamin B6 serum level against dosage and duration of valproic acid therapy in children with epilepsy.Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study to investigate the correlation between vitamin B6 serum level against dosage and duration of valproic acid therapy. The level of vitamin B6 serum was determined by checking vitamin B6 active form in serum, pyridoxal 5’-phospate (PLP).Results: In this study, 37 epilepsy children with valproic acid duration therapy more than 3 months was enrolled. Fifty six percent epilepsy children were male, commonly on children age 1-5 years old. Spearman correlation coefficient test showed a significant weak negative correlation between vitamin B6 serum level and dosage of valproic acid (r=–0.35; p=0.03), and very weak negative correlation with valproic acid duration therapy (r=-0.08; p=0.59), however it was not significant. Conclusion: There was a significant weak negative correlation between vitamin B6 serum level and very weak negative correlation with valproic acid duration therapy, but not significant in children with epilepsy.Keywords: correlation, valproic acid, vitamin B
Investigation on Cell Surface Markers of Dental Pulp Stem Cell Isolated from Impacted Third Molar Based on International Society for Cellular Therapy Proposed Mesenchymal Stem Cell Markers
Get PDFBackground: Recently we have isolated and cultured dental pulp stem cell (DPSC) derived from impacted third molar (DPSC-M3). The DPSC-M3 was suggested as mesenchymal stem cell, however the cell surface markers were not completely clarified. Therefore current study was conducted to investigate the markers.Materials and Methods: Passage 5 DPSC-M3 was cultured, labeled and examined with flow cytometer. All markers were investigated according to the proposed cell surface marker panel for the minimal identification of human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) by International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). The positive markers were cluster of differentiation (CD)90, CD73, CD105, while the negative markers were CD34, CD45, CD11b, CD19, and Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-DR. Results: Results showed that the size and granularity of DPSC-M3 were ranged from 75 to 230 and 27 to 203, respectively. The cell surface antigens examination showed that CD90, CD105 and CD73 were highly expressed (>95%), meanwhile expressions of CD45, CD34, CD11b, CD19 and HLA-DR were <2%.Conclusion: Since the all markers expression were in accordance to the proposed cell surface marker panel for the minimal identification of human MSC by ISCT, DPSC-M3 could be suggested as an MSC.Keywords: dental pulp, stem cell, dental pulp stem cell, ISCT, flow cytometr
John Cunningham Virus T-Antigen Expression on Mild and Severe Dysplasia Adenomatous Polyp, Low and High Grade Adenocarcinoma of The Colon
Get PDFBackground: John Cunningham Virus (JCV) was involved in pre-malignant lessions and carcinogenesis of the colon. The purpose of this study was to detect and analyze JCV T-Ag expression in mild and severe dysplasia adenomatous polyp as well as low and high grade adenocarcinoma of the colon.Materials and Methods: This study used analytic descriptive, cross sectional approach. The samples’ paraffin blocks were taken from colon adenomatous polyp cases (all grades of dysplasia) and cases of colon adenocarcinoma (all degrees) at Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia from 2010-2014 (5 years period). Samples were reviewed from HE slides to determine histopathologic diagnosis, grades of dysplasia and grading. We performed immunohistochemistry staining with monoclonal antibody anti–SV 40-T-Ag to detect JCV T-Ag expression.Results: We found 7 cases of colon adenomatous polyp, of which 4 (57%) were mild dysplasia and 3 (43%) were severe dysplasia. Positive expression of JCV T-Ag was detected in 1 (14%) mild dysplasia case. Data analysis using Fischer’s Exact Test was p>0.05. We also found 16 cases of colon adenocarcinoma. 14 cases (87.5%) of low grade variant and 2 cases (12.5%) of high grade variant. Positive expression of JCV T-Ag was detected in 2 (12.5%) low grade cases. Data analysis using Fischer’s Exact Test was p>0.05.Conclusion: There was no difference of JCV T-Ag expression in colon adenomatous polyp (mild-severe dysplasia) and colon adenocarcinoma (low-high grade) cases at Anatomical Pathology Laboratory School of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia 2010-2014.Keywords: colon adenomatous polyp, adenocarcinoma, JCV T-A
Cytotoxic Activity of Methoxy-4’amino Chalcone Derivatives Against Leukemia Cell Lines
Get PDFBackground: Chemotherapy is a common treatment for leukemia as well as in other cancer treatment. The lack of tumor selectivity and development of multi-drug resistance by chemotherapy caused the development of new strategy in cancer treatment become a pressing need. This study was performed to evaluate the anticancer activity and selectivity of seven derivatives of chalcones against K562 and HL-60 leukemia cell lines. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity of chalcone’s seven derivatives (compound 1-7) was tested by using MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxyme-thoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) method. The percentage of cell mortality data was calculated then the IC50 was analyzed using probit analysis (SPSS 17). The selectivity index (SI) then calculated from IC50 ratio of normal lymphocyte cells and cancerous cells line (HL-60 and K562).Results: The IC50 of almost all seven tested compounds were lower in HL-60 cell lines than K562 cell lines, except for Compound 7. The number and position of methoxy groups in chalcone derivatives influenced the anticancer and cancer selectivity of chalcone derivatives.Conclusion: The results revealed that the number and position of methoxy groups in chalcone derivatives influenced the anticancer and cancer selectivity of chalcone derivatives.Keywords: anticancer, chalcone derivatives, methoxy-4’-amino chalcone, leukemia, cytotoxic, selectivit
A Comparison of Osteoblast Cell Proliferation and Osteocalcin Expression in Cuttlefish Bone and Bovine Bone Xenograft
Get PDFBackground: Cuttlefish bone Xenograft, calcium phosphate (CaP)-based biomaterial graft, offers an alternative and has been accepted for osteoconductive and probable osteo-inductive attributes. This study aims to compare the bone healing potential between the bovine-derived (BHA) and cuttlefish bone-derived (CHA).Materials and Methods: The study compared osteoblast cell proliferation of 27 New Zealand rabbits in 2.5 mm bone defect made in the femoral bone. The samples were divided into three groups, which were control, BHA and CHA group. The chemical and physical characteristics of BHA and CHA were determined for the content of hydroxyapatite by FourierTransform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), then tested by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the porosity. In the end of the second week, histopathologic and immunohistochemistry examinations were performed to evaluate the amount of osteoblast and osteocalcin expression.Results: The FTIR, XRD and SEM analysis showed both BHA and CHA samples were hydroxyapatite according to Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS). The CHA was significantly higher (297.22±19.772) compared to BHA (258.22±30.926) and control (131.67±34.213). Osteocalcin expression in CHA (7.82±2.230) compared to BHA (6.09±3.724) and control (4.07±3.606), was not significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: CHA group has the highest osteoblast cell proliferation and osteocalcin expression, meaning has a good potential as future source of bone graft.Keywords: cuttlefish bone, bovine, bone graft, osteoblast cel
The Effect of Human Platelet-Rich Plasma and L-Ascorbic Acid on Morphology, Proliferation, and Chondrogenesis Ability towards Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
Get PDFBackground: Microtia is a congenital malformation in the external ear due to cartilage defect. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) is promising cells to develop cartilage tissue engineering for microtia. In this study, we focused on proliferation and chondrogenesis of ADSC in three different media, which consist of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 10% FBS with L-ascorbic acid, and 10% human platelet rich plasma (PRP). Methods: ADSC were induced to differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocyte and osteocytes. ADSC morphology, proliferation and population doubling time was compared in three different media and analysed. Observation and alcian blue staining were done every 7 days to assess chondrogenic potency of ADSC from each treatment.Results: Isolated ADSC were able to differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes. ADSC in all group have fibroblast-like morphology, but cells in 10% FBS and 10% FBS with LAA group were flattened and larger. ADSC in 10% PRP group proliferates faster than 10% FBS with and without LAA. PDT values of ADSC were 34 hours, 44 hours and 48 hours, respectively for 10% PRP, 10% FBS with LAA and 10% FBS group. Alcian blue staining revealed that ADSC in 10% FBS with LAA and 10% PRP were able to proceed to chondrogenesis when cultured time were prolong up to 21 days, but not with ADSC in 10% FBS. Conclusion: We conclude that adding 10% FBS with LAA or 10% PRP into medium culture can support proliferation and chondrogenesis of ADSC. Key words: human ADSC, PRP, L-ascorbic acid, proliferation, chondrogenesi
Association between Hasford Scoring System and Hematologic Response in Chronic and Accelerated Phase of Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia Patient with Imatinib for Three Months
Get PDFBackground: Hasford score is a scoring system which was made in interferon treatment era to assess chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) prognosis. Complete hematologic response (CHR) is the milestone of prognosis evaluation. CHR achievement will significantly increase survival. Imatinib is a revolutionized treatment that change the prognosis of CML. With the advent of Imatinib, lessened the prognostic impact of the Hasford score to predict prognosis.Materials and Methods: An observational analytic with prospective cohort study conducted in oncology outward division Dr. Soetomo hospital Surabaya, from July until October 2018. Hasford score determined in 32 patients at the beginning of the study, given imatinib and followed up regularly for 3 months to know the hematologic response. Data were analyzed using Fisher exact test which was considered significant if p<0.05.Results: Median age was 39 years old, male 37.5% and female 62.5%, the median spleen was 18 cm, median hemoglobin was 9.1 g/dL, median leukocyte was 180x109 /L, median thrombocyte was 645x109 /L, median eosinophil was 2.9%, median basophil was 4.6%, median myeloblast was 6%. Hasford score showed 3.1% in low risk, 25% in intermediate risk and 71.9% in high risk. As much as 78.1% complete hematologic response was found in patient, and 21.9% was incomplete.Conclusion: There was no association between Hasford scoring system and hematologic response in chronic and accelerated phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia patient with imatinib for three month. Hasford score had no impact in hematologic response with imatinib.Keywords: Hasford score, hematologic response, CML, imatini
Soymilk Formula Increases Estrogen and Reduces Testosterone Level in Male Infant White Wistar Rats
Get PDFBackground: Children’s immunity system is relatively lower on first year of life, causing atopic babies, leading to allergy. Ideally, newborn babies are given breast milk as main food source on the first 6 months, but often being replaced with cow milk which can induce Cow’s Milk Protein Allergy. For the alternative can replace it with soymilk formula which contains phytoestrogen from isoflavon, which works just like estrogen. The aim of this study to determine whether administration of soymilk formula is capable on increasing estrogen level and reducing testosterone level on male infant white Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).Materials and Methods: This research used post test only control group design. Samples were consisted of 36 infant male white Wistar rats aged 7 days, weighing from 10-15 grams, divided into 2 groups, control group which was given cow’s milk and intervention group which was given soymilk. Each group were given intervention with the dose 5% of BW (grams), given twice-a-day orally for 21 days, and subsequently in the morning their blood samples were taken to examine the level of estrogen and testosterone hormone.Results: The study showed that the level of estrogen on intervention group was significantly higher than the control group with mean estrogen level of 0.55±0.03 pg/mL in the control group and 0.82±0.01 pg/mL in the intervention group, while the mean testosterone level was significantly lower on intervention group compared with control group (p<0.05) with 3.25±0.15 ng/mL on control group and 2.36±0.22 ng/mL on intervention group.Conclusion: Soymilk was able to increase estrogen level and reduce testosterone level on male infant white Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus).Keywords: soymilk formula, estrogen, testosterone, male infant rat
Drug-Herb Interaction between Metformin and Momordica charantia in Diabetic Mice
Get PDFBackground: Bitter gourd has various metabolites, such as momordicosides, polypeptide-P, v-insulin, charantin, and vicine that have antidiabetic effect. It has synergistically effect while combined with oral diabetic drugs, such as metformin as glucose lowering agent. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction of bitter gourd fruit juice and metformin as glucose lowering agent in mice.Materials and Methods: Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were treated with bitter gourd fruit juice, metformin, and the combination of those two for 21 days. Glucose level was checked on first and last day of treatment.Results: Furthermore, blood glucose levels measurement showed no significant difference between groups compared with negative control, which was p>0.05. The stomach of groups that treated with metformin and bitter gourd fruit juice histopathologically showed no significant differences.Conclusion: The use of bitter gourd once daily together with metformin is a better choice, while twice daily might induce hypoglycemia and mice death. There is no interaction between them on lowering blood glucose.Keywords: metformin, Momordica charantia, diabetes mellitu