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ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSOR FOR BRCA1 GENE AND TAMOXIFEN INTERACTION
Full text linkThe electrochemical nanobiosensor was designed for the determination of specific DNA sequences related to breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) gene and interaction between Anticancer Drug Tamoxifen (TAM) and related DNA sequences by using pencil graphite electrode (PGE), bare and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) contained screen printed carbon electrodes (SPEs) for the first time. Here, biomolecular interaction between TAM and DNA was investigated differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) based on not only guanine signal but also TAM oxidation response. It was obtained that the guanine signal at about +1.00V obtained from probe DNA or hybrid DNA shows a remerkable increase after the interaction with TAM. Additionally, it was found that TAM interact with guanine bases and TAM signal which is near the guanine oxidation area also increase after the interaction with DNA. Consequently, the prepared biosensor offer suitable platform for the analysis of DNA hybridization and TAM-DNA interaction sensitively
TAYLOR KURALI MEKANİZMASINA BENZER ŞEKİLDE BİR MEKANİZMA İNŞASI ÇABASI: BİST-100 ÜZERİNE SINAMALAR
Full text linkTaylor's rule that is developed for the determination of interest rate, is a mechanism which determines the level of domestic interest rates based on internal and external factors. In the Taylor rule, while inflation and income are internal factors, exchange rate is external factor. Considering the strong functioning of this mechanism in terms of interest, it can be thought that the stock market may follow a similar path. Therefore, in addition to the variables listed in the Taylor rule, interest rate, gold prices and foreign exchange values were included in the model. Thus, while inflation (EA), interest (FA) and income (YA) were taken as internal factors, exchange rate (DA), gold (AA) and foreign stock exchange value (SA) are modeled as foreign element. All variables in models created under the Taylor rule are defined in open terms by subjecting them to Hodrick-Prescot Filtering. For the period between 1998: Q1-2019: Q3, linear and nonlinear models were estimated by L-ARDL and NL-ARDL methods, respectively. In the obtained results, EA variable was significant in L-ARDL results, whereas it was not significant in NL-ARDL results. In addition, all variables in the model were statistically significant. Accordingly, YA, FA and AA variables have negative effects on the stock market; SA and DA variables have positive effects on the stock market. From the obtained findings, stock in the framework of Taylor rule logic mechanisms in Turkey’s economy is seen to be influenced by internal and external variables. The fact that stock exchange has been effected by production that is by the economic growth among other variables put forward that monetary and thus speculative actions rather than real economic facts were more dominant. Oh the other hand it has been seen that all the other variables reflected general tendencies.
Jel Codes: B40, C51, G17.Faizin belirlemesine yönelik olarak geliştirilen Taylor kuralı, iç ve dış unsurlardan hareketle yurtiçi faiz oranlarının hangi düzeyde olacağını ortaya koyan bir mekanizmadır. Taylor kuralında enflasyon ve gelir iç unsur iken, döviz kuru dış unsurdur. Faiz açısından bu mekanizmanın güçlü işlerliği dikkate alındığında, borsanın da benzeri bir yol izleyebileceği düşünülebilir. Dolayısıyla buradan hareketle Taylor kuralında sayılan değişkenlere ilaveten, faiz oranı, altın fiyatları ve dış borsa değerleri modele dâhil edilmiştir. Böylece iç unsur olarak enflasyon (EA), faiz (FA) ve gelir (YA) alınmış; dış unsur olarak da döviz kuru (DA), altın (AA) ve dış borsa (SA) değeri modellenmiştir. Taylor kuralı kapsamında oluşturulan modellerdeki tüm değişkenler Hodrick-Prescot filtrelemesine tabi tutularak açık cinsinden tanımlanmıştır. 1998:Q1-2019:Q3 arası dönem için doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan sırasıyla L-ARDL ve NL-ARDL yöntemleri ile modeller tahmin edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda, EA değişkeni L-ARDL sonuçlarında anlamlı ve buna karşılık NL-ARDL sonuçlarında ise anlamsız çıkmıştır. Bunun dışında modelde yer alan tüm değişkenler ise istatistiki açıdan anlamlı çıkmıştır. Buna göre borsa üzerine YA, FA ve AA değişkenlerinin etkileri negatif; SA ve DA değişkenleri ise pozitif bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulardan hareketle, Türkiye ekonomisinde borsanın Taylor kuralı mekanizması mantığı çerçevesinde içsel ve dışsal değişkenlerden etkilendiği görülmüştür. Bu değişkenler içerisinde borsanın üretimden, yani ekonomik büyümeden olumsuz yönde etkilenmesi, Türkiye ekonomisinde reel ekonomik boyuttan ziyade, parasal ve dolayısıyla spekülatif boyutun güçlü bir şekilde işlediğini ortaya koymuştur. Buna karşılık diğer değişkenlerin genel eğilimi yansıtacak şekilde oluştuğu dikkat çekmiştir.
Jel Kodları: B40, C51, G17
CERRAHİ DUMAN, ALINACAK ÖNLEMLER ve ÇALIŞAN FARKINDALIĞI
Full text linkThe use of electrocautery for the purpose of hemostasis, excision and dissection, the use of high-speed drills, the use of saws, laser processing and the high heat released during the use of ultrasonic instruments; It causes protein and other organic materials to burn and thermal necrosis in cells in surrounding tissues. As a result of the decomposition and evaporation of fat and protein in the tissues, surgical smoke is released.
In the guidelines developed by many international health institutions, it is necessary to raise awareness of the risks of exposure to surgical smoke, in particular, to try to minimize the formation of smoke, to use appropriate protective equipment and smoke evacuation systems for smoke protection and to ensure that personnel training is required. It is thought that trainings should be given to increase the awareness of the operating room personnel in the prevention of surgical smoke, determination of hospital protocols and written instructions, repetition of the trainings given at regular intervals, and further research on surgical smoke should be increased.
The purpose of this review; The aim of this course is to compile and present the literature information about surgical smoke, precautions taken and employee awareness to our esteemed readers.Hemostaz, eksizyon ve diseksiyon amacıyla elektrokoter kullanımı, yüksek hızda matkap kullanımı, testere kullanımı, lazer işlemi ve ultrasonik aletlerin kullanımı sırasında açığa çıkan yüksek ısı; protein ve diğer organik maddelerin yanmasına, çevre dokulardaki hücrelerde de termal nekroz oluşumuna sebep olmaktadır. Böylece; dokulardaki yağ ve proteinin parçalanması ve buharlaşması sonucunda cerrahi duman açığa çıkmaktadır.
Uluslarası birçok sağlık kuruluşu tarafında geliştirilen kılavuzlarda özellikle öncelikli olarak çalışanların cerrahi dumana maruz kalma riskleri konusunda farkındalığının oluşturulması gerektiği, duman oluşumunun en aza indirgenmeye çalışılması, dumandan korunmaya yönelik uygun koruyucu ekipmanların ve duman tahliye sistemlerinin kullanılmasının gerekliliği ve tüm bu konuların yaptırımı için de personel eğitiminin şart olduğu belirtilmektedir. Cerrahi dumandan korunmada ameliyathane çalışanlarının farkındalığını arttırmaya yönelik eğitimler verilmesi, hastane protokollerinin ve yazılı talimatların belirlenmesi, belirli aralıklarla verilen eğitimlerin tekrarlanması, cerrahi duman konusunda daha fazla araştırmaların yapılarak farkındalığın arttırılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.
Bu derlemenin amacı; cerrahi duman, alınan önlemler ve çalışan farkındalığı arttırmaya yönelik literatür bilgilerini derlemek ve siz değerli okuyucularımıza sunmaktır
“REKREAKTİF ALAN" VE "REKREASYON ALANI” KAVRAMLARININ MEKÂNSAL PLANLAR BAĞLAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Full text linkIt is necessary to plan the spatial adequacy, facilities, quality and distribution of green spaces within the city in ecological integrity, taking into consideration the principles of urbanism and the public interest. Within this scope, there are laws and regulations that are in force and must be complied with in the current zoning legislation. Authorized institutions are obliged to comply with these legal regulations in spatial planning. However, in some cases; there is some confusion in the implementation process and the definitions in the regulations are not taken into account clearly. From this point of view, the concepts of “recreactive area” and “recreational area” which are often confused with each other were examined through comparative examples and spatial plans are evaluated within the framework of construction regulations. The aim of this paper is to raise awareness of the relevant public institutions about the differences between the recreational area and the recreactive area, especially when making plans on the scale of the master and development plan. As a result of the study, it is seen that the concept of “recreational area” and “recreactive area” have different meanings in terms of the current legal framework. In the “recreational areas”, it is possible to construct under certain conditions, which may be the subject of private ownership, whereas in the “recreactive areas” which are a concept of coastal use, construction is not allowed. Finally, in order not to cause any contention of administrative jurisdiction, it is necessary to pay attention to this issue in the spatial planning process.Yeşil alanların alansal olarak yeterliliğinin, donatımının, niteliğinin ve kent içerisindeki dağılımının ekolojik bütünlük içerisinde, şehircilik ilke ve prensipleri ile kamu yararı gözetilerek planlanması gerekmektedir. Bu kapsamda konu ile ilgili yürürlükte olan ve mevcut İmar Mevzuatı'na ait uyulması gereken kanun ve yönetmelikler bulunmaktadır. Yetkili kurumlar, mekânsal planların yapımında söz konusu yasal mevzuata uymakla yükümlüdür. Ancak bazı durumlarda; uygulama süreçlerinde birtakım karışıklıklar olmakta ve yönetmeliklerdeki tanımlar net olarak dikkate alınmamaktadır. Buradan hareketle, çalışma kapsamında birbiriyle sıklıkla karıştırılan "rekreaktif alan" ve "rekreasyon alanı" kavramları karşılaştırmalı örnekler üzerinden incelenmiş ve mekânsal planlar yapım yönetmelikleri çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu makale ile amaçlanan özellikle nazım ve imar planı ölçeğinde plan yaparken ilgili kamu kurumlarının rekreaktif alan ile rekreasyon alanı kavramları arasında tanımlar ve yasal statüler yönüyle farkındalığını sağlamaktır. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, mevcut yasal çerçeve açısından, rekreaktif alan kavramı ile rekreasyon alanı kavramlarının birbirinden farklı tanımları ve anlamları olduğu görülmüştür. Rekreasyon alanlarında özel mülkiyete konu olabilecek şekilde belli koşullarda yapılaşmaya olanak sağlanmakta, buna karşın kıyı kullanımına ait bir kavram olan rekreaktif alanlarda yapılaşmaya olanak verilmemektedir. Sonuç olarak, özellikle idari yargıda bir çekişme konusuna yol açmamak için mekânsal plan yapım süreçlerinde, tanımlardaki bu farklılıklara dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir
COMPLEX SYNTACTIC WHOLE AND MEMORY (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE AZERBAIJANI LANGUAGE)
Full text linkThe article is devoted to the analysis of the CSW in the Azerbaijani language in the context of memory. In the course of the analysis, the study of the memory of famous psychologists such as L.Vygotsky, A.Leontiev and others were turned to and materials from works of J.Mammadguluzade, A.Akhverdiyeva, I.Nasimi and F.Kerimzade were used. The article gives a broad introduction to the socio-historical and cultural essence of memory in the context of CSW and memory. The dynamics of memory, the actualization of knowledge, retrospective and search, as well as the interpretation of the "demonstration" etymologist are more preferable. The article is based on such logic that memory is an integral part of human consciousness and is universal not only in Azerbaijani, but in all languages.Makale Azerbaycan dilindeki Karmaşık Sözdizimsel Bütününün bellek bağlamında çözümlenmesine ayrılmıştır. Analiz sırasında L.Vygotsky, A.Leontiev ve diğerleri gibi ünlü psikologların anısına yapılan çalışmalar J.Mammadguluzade, A.Akhverdiyeva, I.Nasimi ve F.Kerimzade'nin eserlerine dönüştürüldü. Kullanılmış. Makale, CSW ve bellek bağlamında belleğin sosyo-tarihsel ve kültürel özüne geniş bir giriş yapmaktadır. Hafıza dinamikleri, bilginin gerçekleştirilmesi, geçmişe dönük ve araştırmanın yanı sıra "gösteri" etimologunun yorumu daha fazla tercih edilir. Makale öyle bir mantığa dayanıyor ki, bellek insan bilincinin ayrılmaz bir parçası ve sadece Azerice değil tüm dillerde evrensel
DIGITAL CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT DIMENSIONS IN DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND A FRAMEWORK SUGGESTION FOR RETAIL BANKING
No full textAlthough there are many implications regarding customer experience, retention, loyalty etc. the comprehensive approach for digital customer engagement still needs more attention. Digital platforms leave customer alone with his or her community without bank’s involvement. This approach requires a good business understanding that will match the CE network with digital capabilities. Since the customer engagement is one of the four pillars of digital transformation, retail banks should start to measure digital CE score based on each customer group as a holistic approach to cover full cycle.Transactional customers who have low relational and emotional exchange will switch the brand easily since they have big price and satisfaction sensitivity. Delighted customers have a good commitment level but requiring interaction and relationship with the brand. Loyal customer’s commitment level changes easily based on market conditions, however they have a good relationship level with the brand. Fans have good relationship and commitment level with the brand. They advocate for the brand easily.Keywords: Customer Engagement, Digital Customer Engagement, Digital Transformation, Customer Relationship ManagementJEL classification: M15, M31, O32Although there are many implications regarding customer experience, retention, loyalty etc. the comprehensive approach for digital customer engagement still needs more attention. Digital platforms leave customer alone with his or her community without bank’s involvement. This approach requires a good business understanding that will match the CE network with digital capabilities. Since the customer engagement is one of the four pillars of digital transformation, retail banks should start to measure digital CE score based on each customer group as a holistic approach to cover full cycle.Transactional customers who have low relational and emotional exchange will switch the brand easily since they have big price and satisfaction sensitivity. Delighted customers have a good commitment level but requiring interaction and relationship with the brand. Loyal customer’s commitment level changes easily based on market conditions, however they have a good relationship level with the brand. Fans have good relationship and commitment level with the brand. They advocate for the brand easily.Keywords: Customer Engagement, Digital Customer Engagement, Digital Transformation, Customer Relationship ManagementJEL classification: M15, M31, O3
BUILDING THE CITY (VILLAGE) OF THE FUTURE WITH SCHOOL, YOUNG CHILDREN AND FAMILIES
No full textIn this paper, we want to address the issue of the relationship between social space, education methods and institutions that carry out education today and project the future of the society: human, social, economic and cultural. The inclusion of infants and children in education in our day in the Korça region, Albania, has attracted the attention of the University and local municipal institutions, in order to form them in accordance with the best educational programs and perspectives used today. The programs and curricula that take place today at our University aim to build an education with contemporary standards, in cooperation with local administrations and organized institutions that care for infants and children.
Children are constantly learning and absorbing new information wherever they go, not just in formal learning environments. There are many ways to incorporate children’s learning and engagement in various aspects of a city’s built environment. Such projects like kids mapping exercise, photo/visual media, technology, natural learning, brain builder, make place for children, etc., are designed to engage children in learning on the go. There are some best practices that build the children of the future, who grow up in the harmony with nature and society.In this paper, we want to address the issue of the relationship between social space, education methods and institutions that carry out education today and project the future of the society: human, social, economic and cultural. The inclusion of infants and children in education in our day in the Korça region, Albania, has attracted the attention of the University and local municipal institutions, in order to form them in accordance with the best educational programs and perspectives used today. The programs and curricula that take place today at our University aim to build an education with contemporary standards, in cooperation with local administrations and organized institutions that care for infants and children.
Children are constantly learning and absorbing new information wherever they go, not just in formal learning environments. There are many ways to incorporate children’s learning and engagement in various aspects of a city’s built environment. Such projects like kids mapping exercise, photo/visual media, technology, natural learning, brain builder, make place for children, etc., are designed to engage children in learning on the go. There are some best practices that build the children of the future, who grow up in the harmony with nature and society
EĞİTİM COĞRAFYASI AÇISINDAN BİR KARŞILAŞTIRMA: BAKIRKÖY VE SULTANGAZİ İLÇELERİ
No full textThe most important resource for countries is the amount of population they have. But nowadays, the quality of the population is as important as the amount of population. The most important factor determining the quality of the population is the level of education. Trained manpower and educated individuals are the most important elements in developing of settlements, economic value productivity and social and cultural development. The development of societies which gives importance to education is faster. So in a residential area there is a close relationship between the education level of the population and the economic level. Due to insufficient importance given to education, economic and social development rate is low in less advanced and developing settlements. Educational geography, examines the educational status of the population in settlement areas and focuses on the causes and consequences of the results. The most basic data which reveals the educational status of settlements is the literate rate. However, nowadays, depending on the diversification of education, the literacy rate is insufficient to reveal the educational status of the settlements. Educational geography not only examines the literate status of the population but also examines the distribution of the population to education levels according to graduation status of the population.
Istanbul, Turkey’s most advanced city, has 39 districts. These districts’ levels of development are different. In this study, Bakirköy and Sultangazi districts, whose settlement history and socioeconomic levels are quite different from each other, were researched in terms of educational geography. Thus, the relationship between the educational and development levels of the settlements were tried to be determined.Ülkeler için en önemli kaynak sahip oldukları nüfus miktarıdır. Ancak günümüzde nüfusun miktarı yanında niteliği de oldukça önemlidir. Nüfusun niteliğini belirleyen en önemli unsur ise sahip olduğu eğitim düzeyidir. Yetişmiş insan gücü ve eğitimli bireyler yerleşmelerin kalkınmasında, ekonomik değer üretmesinde, sosyal ve kültürel gelişiminde en önemli unsuru oluşturmaktadır. Eğitime önem veren toplumların gelişmesi ve kalkınması daha hızlı gerçekleşmektedir. Bu yüzden bir yerleşim yerinde nüfusun eğitim durumu ile ekonomik seviye arasında sıkı bir ilişki vardır. Az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan yerleşmelerde eğitime verilen önemin yetersiz olmasına bağlı olarak ekonomik ve sosyal gelişim hızı düşüktür. Eğitim coğrafyası, yerleşim alanlarındaki nüfusun eğitim durumunu yakından inceleyerek ortaya çıkan sonuçların nedenleri ve sonuçları üzerinde durur. Yerleşmelerin eğitim durumunu ortaya koyan en temel veri okuryazar oranıdır. Ancak günümüzde eğitimin çeşitlenmesine bağlı olarak okuryazar oranı yerleşmelerin eğitim durumunu ortaya koyma adına yetersiz kalmaktadır. Eğitim coğrafyası sadece nüfusun okuryazar durumunu incelemekle kalmaz bununla beraber nüfusun mezuniyet durumuna göre eğitim kademelerine dağılışı, örgün eğitimdeki payı ve yerleşim alanında sunulan diğer eğitim hizmetlerini inceler.
Türkiye’nin en gelişmiş illerinin başında gelen İstanbul idari bakımdan 39 ilçeye sahiptir. Bu ilçelerin gelişmişlik düzeyleri birbirinden farklıdır. Bu çalışmada yerleşim tarihi ve sosyoekonomik düzeyleri birbirinden oldukça farklı olan Bakırköy ve Sultangazi ilçeleri eğitim coğrafyası açısından incelenmiştir. Böylece yerleşmelerin eğitim düzeyleri ile gelişmişlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişki saptanmaya çalışılmıştır
SPOR MEDYASINDA MCDONALDLAŞMA: SOKRATES DERGİ ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME
Full text linkIn this study, McDonaldization that occured in sports media is studied through the analysis ofSocrates magazine. The McDonaldization suggests that four key elements can be applied to achievemore positive results: efficiency, computability, predictability and control. However, besides thesefour elemets there are also irrational elements which are critical. Sports media has also become a partof the rationalization process because it is a popular media type of popular culture. In this study, it isclaimed that Socrates magazine and Socrates magazine youtube channel, which are parts of sportsmedia, are compatible with McDonaldization princibles and explained with examples. Contentanalysis was conducted during the study period and a meeting was held with Socrates journalist ErmanYaşar.Bu çalışma Socrates dergi incelemesi üzerinden spor medyasınında meydana gelen Mcdonaldlaşmayı ele almaktadır. Mcdonaldlaşma kavramı özellikle fastfood restoranlarının çalışma stratejilerinin dört temel unsur uygulanarak daha olumlu sonuçlara ulaşılacağını öne sürmektedir: verimlilik, hesaplanabilirlik, öngörülebilirlik ve denetim. Ancak bu dört unsurun yanında bir de eleştiri niteliği taşıyan akıldışı unsurları bulunmaktadır. Spor medyası da popüler kültür bakımından son dönemlerde ilgi gören bir medya türü olduğundan akılcılaştırma sürecinin bir parçası haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada da spor medyasının bir parçası olan Socrates dergi ve Socrates dergi youtube kanalının Mcdonaldlaşma prensipleri ile uyuştuğu iddia edilmekte ve örneklerle açıklanmaktadır. Çalışma sürecinde içerik analizi yapılmış, Socrates dergi yazarlarından Erman Yaşar ile görüşme sağlanmıştır
SELF HARM BEHAVOIR
Full text linkIn this study, it is aimed to examine this research from a wide perspective and to emphasize the importance of more specific studies on the subject.
In this research, national and international studies on self-harm behavior were compiled.
Self-injurious behavior is frequently encountered as an advanced behavioral problem. (Şipal, 2010) Self-injurious behavior is that a person can harm one's own tissues in such a way as to cause severe acts without the will to die consciously. Self-injurious behavior is associated with many psychiatric disorders. In addition, deliberate self-harm behavior should be separated from suicide attempts. Self-injurious behavior usually begins in adolescence. “In the community sample studies, it was found that self-injurious behavior was seen in 1/3 and 1/2 of adolescents (Lloyd-Richardson et al. 2007, Yates et al. 2008). self-injurious behavior typically begins in adolescence and often occurs impulsively; adolescents and young adulthood (Claassen et al. 2006) (Bildik, Somer, Basay, Basay, &Ozbaran, 2012). According to the results of the study, identity confusion and low self-esteem symptoms were found to be significantly more frequent in adolescents with self-injurious behavior (Akdemir, Zeki, Unal, Kara, & Cetin, 2013). It is observed that traumas experienced in the past are related to deliberate self-harm behavior. There are many reasons for self-harm behavior. One of them is abuse. If the trauma experienced is remembered, self-harm behavior arises in order to replace the high level of anxiety with physical pain. Miller and Favazza investigated the reasons for self-mutilation and listed the factors that caused self-mutilation as follows: To have a sense of relaxation; Suppressing emotional pain; Moving away from the feeling of emptiness to show their experiences.(Aksoy, Ögel, 2003). However, in individuals who frequently repeat the act of self-harm, feelings of embarrassment, guilt, regret, and desire for social isolation may also be exacerbated by the stimulation of other negative emotions. (Gratz, 2003) It has been suggested that there may be many biological factors under self-harm behavior. Some of them are opiate system disorder, hypersensitivity of dopamine receptors, decrease in the amount of serotonin. There are psychodynamic opinions about self-harm behavior. Emerson (1913) and Fenichel (1945) stated that self-harm behavior is a substitute for masturbation and is equivalent. Then, behaviorists related to self-harm behavior started to study. According to the behavioral approach, self-harm behavior was later learned and considered as a sense of self-protection against the difficulties of life.
Intentional self-harm behavior is difficult to explain, but in recent years it has attracted attention by researchers (Chapman, Gratz, & Brown, 2006). In line with the literature review on the subject, it is seen that the studies on this subject need to be more detailed and more specialized case groups should be examined