1941 research outputs found
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The Incidence of Adult Children of Alcoholics in a Midwestern Diploma School of Nursing
Get PDFv, 87 leaves. Advisor: Linda H. BradyThe purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of adult children of alcoholics (ACOA) among the students and faculty in a Midwestern diploma school of nursing. The sample included 201 students and 17 members of the faculty.
The instrument used was the Children of Alcoholics Screening Test(C.A.S.T.) (Jones, 1981). A questionnaire to elicit demographic and self-report data regarding the participant's marital starus, drinking patterns and level of
concern over personal drinking behavior was also administered.
Analysis indicated 23% of the overall sample were ACOA and 8% were children of problem drinkers. In the student sample, 23% were ACOA and 8% were children of problem drinkers; 29% of the faculty were ACOA and 6% were children of problem drinkers. The total C.A.S.T. (Jones, 1981) score was significantly greater in those subjects who identified either parent as alcoholic.
Married subjects were significantly more concerned (p =.04) about personal drinking patterns than were single or divorced subjects. There was also
significantly greater concern about personal drinking patterns when a father was
identified as alcoholic in the overall and faculty groups (p =.03). Limitations of the study and recommendations for further research conclude the discussion
Locus of Control Orientation and Level of Pain in Postsurgical Patients
Get PDFv, 66 leaves. Advisor: Barbara HaagThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether health locus of control accounted for differences in perception of pain relief in persons who had abdominal surgery and received epidural analgesia as a method to control acute
pain postoperatively. Forty subjects who met the study criteria responded to the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control questionnaire. Their level of perceived pain was determined by a review of medical records. Findings indicated no statistical significance in pain perception when subjects were
categorized as having an internal, chance, or powerful others health locus of control. Recommendations for further research and implications for nursing practice are given
Effects of Perceived Fetal Movement and Fetal Ultrasound Imagery on Maternal-Fetal Attachment
Get PDFvi, 96 leaves. Advisor: Barbara HaagThe purpose of the study was to examine the
effects of perceived fetal movement and/or viewing of the fetus by the pregnant woman via ultrasonography on maternal-fetal attachment. The 79 subjects were 16-39 years of age and in the first or second trimester of pregnancy. Subjects completed a Demographic Questionnaire and the prenatal Maternal Attachment Scale (PMAS). Pregnant women who perceived fetal movement did not score significantly higher on the PMAS than pregnant women who had not perceived fetal movement, There was no significance difference in PMAS scores before and after pregnant women viewed their fetus via ultrasonography. Pregnant women who viewed their fetus via ultrasonography scored significantly higher on the PMAS than pregnant women who had not viewed their fetus via ultrasonography. Findings of the study contribute to the knowledge and practice of nursing inasmuch as nurses are in an optimal position, through client education and anticipatory
interventions, to enhance the concept of maternal-fetal attachment. Recommendations for further research were made
Paradigmatic Status and Reform Potential of Iowa Superintendents
Get PDF[vi], 283 leaves. Advisor: S. Pike HallThe problem: Because it is difficult for the educational practitioner to ascertain the direction of educational reform, this study surveyed a sample of superintendents on their views, suggested by Thomas Kuhn's work on
paradigms, on the classical schools of education, perennialism, essentialism, progressivism, and social reconstructionism, and on the three state-offered reform initiatives in Iowa, The Iowa Initiative for World-class Schools, the New State Standards for lowa Schools, and the views of William Lepley, director of the state Department of Education.
Procedures: From the 376 superintendents in lowa, thirty were chosen, representing those with little, moderate, and high tenure. Each subject was given the Educational Ideologies Inventory (O'Neill, 1981), which produced a score for each subject for each of the four classical schools, and asked a series of questions designed to reveal their opinions on the components of the Iowa
reform initiatives. Chi Square, Analysis of Variance, and qualitative analyses were performed on the data. Because of the nature of these data collection instruments, each subject was personally visited by the researcher.
Findings: 1. While no educational paradigm was found to exist among Iowa superintendents, progressivism was the educational school voiced by the great majority of the subjects.
2. Tenure in office bore no statistically significant relationship to educational school held by the superintendents.
3. The superintendents did not express preference for any of the three reform initatives over the other two.
4. A relationship, though not demonstrated statistically, between tenure in office and support for specific reform proposals, did exist.
Recommendations: 1. Further research should be conducted on educational stakeholders' views
on the individual components of the classical education schools and on the changes in stakeholder's view over time.
2. Increasing support for specific reform proposals, among the ten offered in the three reform initatives, is possible through state action aimed at removing obstacles perceived by school district superintendents.
3. A synthesis of these three reform initiatives will assist the Iowa educational community in implementing the offered proposals rather than advocating specific reports without requisite attention to their similarities and differences in
content
Visits to the School Nurse by the At-Risk Student Versus the Non At-Risk Student
Get PDFiii, 109 leaves. Advisor: Mary C. HansenThe Problem; The purpose of this study was to compare students who were defined as at-risk and those who were not at-risk to determine if there was a significant difference in proportion of visits to the school nurse.
Procedure: For each initial health related daily visit to the school nurse by students in grades kindergarten through twelfth, a mark was placed in an "at-risk" column or a "non at -risk" column. The at-risk students were determined using
three instruments: information obtained from parents at registration prior to the beginning of school; the school nurse's daily log; and a checklist containing 13 at-risk categories completed by classroom teachers, guidance counselors, and administrators. The study was done over a five month period consisting of 95 school days in a public school system with 1,474 students.
Finding: During the visits to the school nurse, significant differences were observed between the at-risk and non at-risk student. The at-risk students visited the school nurse for health related concerns more often than the non at-risk
students.
Conclusions: The need for early identification and intervention of the at-risk student is apparent and necessary and can only be accomplished by a team approach of educators and school health personnel. Therefore, the importance of the school nurse in educational settings to aid in the identification and intervention of the at-risk student is evident and must be addressed by the public.
Recommendations: Recommendations for further research include: (1) replication of this study using a larger sample, (2) a longitudinal study on the effectiveness of early recognition and intervention and counseling of the at-risk
student, (3) a study to determine what specific category or gender of at-risk student is seen most often by the school nurse, and (4) a study of each grade level or age group to determine if there is a difference in presenting symptomotology between the at-risk student and the non at-risk student when visiting the school nurse
The Involvement of Teachers in Teacher Selection in Iowa Schools
Get PDFiv, 103 leaves. Advisor: Richard L. SchwabThe problem. This study gathers data on the
utilization of teachers in the screening, interviewing, and hiring process. This study also measures the differences between administrator and teacher perceptions on the importance of teacher involvement.
Procedure. Surveys were mailed to 27 Iowa schools
which indicated that teachers were involved in the
hiring process. Twenty schools returned useable data. A two-tailed t-test for nonpaired data was utilized to determine the significance or response between administrators and teachers.
Findinqs. Significant differences between the
groups were found in the perceptions of the importance of teacher involvement. This study suggests that while administrators and teachers highly value teacher involvement in the process, teachers rate their involvement much more highly than do administrators.
Conclusions. Teachers and administrators alike
believe that teacher involvement in the screening,
interviewing, and selection process is important.
School personnel who currently use teacher involvement believe it improves the selection process.
Recommendations. (a) School districts should
continue to use teachers in the hiring process;
(b) Further research is needed to determine the
effectiveness of teachers who are hired by teacher
involvement; (c) Further research is needed to
determine if teachers have adequate training in the screening, interviewing, and selection process
Health Beliefs Affecting Exercise Patterns
Get PDFiv, 68 leaves. Advisor: Linda H. BradyThe problem. This study sought to ascertain the
differences in health beliefs as a function of self-reported exercise patterns. A sample of 112 nurses participated in this study.
Procedure. The Health Perceptions Questionnaire
(HPQ) by John Ware, Jr. (1976) was utilized to collect data on health beliefs. A second questionnaire was prepared by the investigator and asked for the usual exercise pattern of the individual. Demographic variables were also studied.
Findinqs. This study found there was no difference in health beliefs and self-reported exercise
patterns in this population at a significance level of .05. There was a difference in health beliefs for the age groups of 20-30 and 40-50 on the HPQ subscale "rejection of the sick role."
Conclusions. This study suggests a need for
continued study and the development of health education programs to improve exercise patterns both for nurses and for the general public
A Qualitative Study on the Influences and Relationships Involved in an Adolescent's Choice to Drink Alcohol
Get PDFiii, 25 leaves. Advisor: George LairThe problem. Alcohol use and abuse among
adolescents is a serious and complex social problem.
Procedure. This paper studies the relationship
between adolescent drinking and the influences exerted from peers, parents, and personality factors. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to 205 high school freshmen to examine these relationships.
Findinqs. Results suggested that the influence of
peers was the strongest determinant in an adolescent's decision to drink alcohol.
Recommendations. Further research needs to be
done with a more diverse group of adolescents as the data was collected from a non-representative sample
Investigation of the Efficacy of Various Proteinase-Treated "Serpula (Treponema) Hyodysenteriae" Vaccines
No full text78 leaves. Advisor: Dean A. HogansonThe problem. Swine dysentery is a severe mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease that primarily affects swine during the growing-finishing
period. The etiological agent of swine dysentery is "Serpula hyodysenteriae", an anaerobic Gram-negative spirochete. Financial losses from swine dysentery are a result of losses from death as well as weight loss and unthriftiness of recovered swine (44). The mortality and morbidity due to swine dysentery can be as high as 50% in untreated herds (74). As many as 40% of midwestern United States herds are infected with the disease (20). Annual losses to the swine industry are
estimated to be approximately 30 to 50 million dollars (111).
Procedure. "S. hyodysenteriae" strain B-204 serotype 2 (porcine origin) was grown in pre-sterilized anaerobic media under anaerobic conditions. Five separate pH lysed aliquots of the concentrated bulk of the "S. hyodysenteriae" culture were subjected to enzymatic digestion of the following proteinases: Proteinase K, proteinase type X-15, proteinase type 2 fungal, papain proteinase, and pepsin proteinase. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel
electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) was performed on all bulk samples as well as control samples. The papain, pepsin, and proteinase K bulk samples were prepared into vaccines for use in a swine vaccine efficacy experiment.
Findings: Both the pepsin and proteinase K vaccines aided in controlling a virulent "S. hyodysenteriae" B-204 challenge. These groups
had significantly lower morbidity incidence and duration scores, lower clinical days, and lower clinical index scores than the control or papain group. The pepsin group had a significantly higher average daily weight gain pre-challenge as compared to all the other groups. Both of these groups had a greater than 100-fold increase in IgG
antibody response 10 days after the second vaccination. Both the pepsin and PK vaccine groups had lower percent death, decreased bloody
diarrhea, decreased shedding of "S. hyodysenteriae", and an increased period before clinical onset compared to the control or papain group. The pepsin and PK vaccines administered to swine in this experiment aid in controlling a virulent "S. hyodysenteriae" B-204 challenge and
significantly reduce the clinical signs associated with swine dysentery.
Conclusion. The subunit pepsin and PK vaccines administered to swine in this experiment aid in clinically controlling the symptoms associated
with a virulent "S. hyodysenteriae" B-204 challenge. The overall clinical performance of these groups compared to the papain and control groups clinical performance indicates the effectiveness of these vaccines for
prophylactic use against "S. hyodysenteriae" B-204 swine dysentery infection
Nurse Role Conceptions of Beginning Students, Graduating Students and Faculty in a Baccalaureate Nursing Program
Get PDF[v], 113 leaves. Advisor: Barbara HaagThe purpose of this study was to determine ideal and actual nurse role concept ions and role discrepancies of beginning students, graduating students and faculty in a baccalaureate nursing program.
Procedure. Twenty four beginning students, nineteen graduating students and fifteen faculty at two private baccalaureate nursing programs
completed Pieta's 1976 tool, "Nursing Role Conceptions", measuring bureaucratic, professional and service role conceptions. Student subjects
also completed a demographic data questionnaire designed by the researcher.
Findings: Significant differences existed between: the bureaucratic ideal and actual, professional ideal and actual and service ideal nurse role
conception scores of beginning and graduating nursing students; the bureaucratic role discrepancy scores of beginning nursing students and nursing faculty; the bureaucratic role discrepancy scores of graduating nurslng students and nurslng faculty; the professional role discrepancy scores of beginning nursing students and graduating nursing students; the professional role discrepancy scores of beginning nursing students and nursing faculty; the service role discrepancy scores of beginning nursing students and graduating nursing students and the professional ideal role score of nursing faculty and beginning nursing students.
Conclusions: Socialization into a professional role orientation appeared to be occurring at these baccalaureate nursing programs. Students' nurse role conceptions changed as they progressed through their education.
Recommendations: Examples of recommendations for further research include: (1)replicating this study using a larger and more heterogeneous
sample and (2) carrying out a longitudinal study measuring one group of subjects at various points in their educational process