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A Series of Collage Drawings Expressing Metaphysical Moods
Get PDF13 leaves.The problem. A series of collage drawings to express the artist's personal involvement with peculiar relationships between supernatural and normal conditions or events in life which form a metaphysical reality. Procedure. To develop a large group of representational images and settings taken from the artist's past experiences, his subconscious and his dreams with the intention to experiment, interchange and unite into a particular metaphysical composition. Findings. Working from the developmental stages of the drawings to the finished work the artist has deepened and expanded his understanding of the complex, contradictory and peculiar relationships which exist and make-up his supersensible world
An Immunologic Investigation of Bisalbuminemia : A Genetically Transmitted Serum Protein Anomaly
Get PDFoai:https://escholarshare.drake.edu:2092/99429 leaves. Advisor: Michael MyszewskiThe problem. Bisalbuminemia was investigated in an Iowa family by testing for hematological and immunologic abnormalities to determine associations between bisalbuminemia and connective tissue (collagen) and/or autoimmune diseases. Physiochemical properties of the anomalous albumin fraction were compared to normal serum albumin.
Procedure. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis was used to determine the genotypes from which was established the genetic pedigree of the bisalbumin trait. Sera of family members was screened using the following tests: Complete blood count; sedimentation rate; hematocrit; antistreptolysin 0 titer; rheumatoid factor; LE preparation; VDRL; C-reactive protein and fluorescent anti-nuclear antibody analysis. Physiochemical characterization of the anomalous albumin fraction included an agar-gel diffusion study and measurement of the relative
binding ability of normal and abnornal albumins using I125-thyroxine.
Findings. Bisalbuminemia was found in seven of fourteen members of an Iowa family and was presumed to have been present in one deceased member of the family. The anomaly, transmitted as an autosomal codominant, was observed in the heterozygous state. The anomalous albumin fraction, albumin B, replaces one-half of the normal serum albumin and was found to be an albumin by agar-gel diffusion. Tests commonly associated with connective tissue and autoimmune diseases failed to show a relationship between the disease groups and bisalbuminemia. Addition of I125-thyroxine to bisalbumin sera resulted in excess thyroxine binding to albumin B with greater affinity than to normal albumin.
Conclusions. The anomalous albumin B is assumed to be the result of a mutation of a gene responsible for the synthesis of normal serum albumin. The bisalbuminemia analyzed in this family study does not appear to be associated with the connective tissue and/or autoimmune diseases or any marked clinical abnormalities
Analysis and Modification of Unprogrammed Reinforcement Contingencies in a Hospital for the Developmentally Disabled
Get PDF36 leaves. Advisor: W. Scott WoodThe problem: To design a reliable observation system for monitoring of hospital attendants' on-ward interactions with hospital residents and to increase the rate of positive consequences delivered by the attendants for appropriate resident behaviors.
Procedure: An on-ward interaction recording system was developed and tested for reliability by camparing observation data with data obtained by trained independent observers. Following baseline observations, six hospital attendants were instructed to record their delivery of positive consequences to residents. If an attendant's rate of delivery of positive consequences increased during this self-monitoring ccndition, that attendant was subsequently returned to baseline observation conditions as a reversal procedure. If an attendant's rate of delivery of positive consequences had not increased during self-monitoring, that attendant was then given feedback and praised for increases in the rate of delivery of positive consequences delivered. All attendants in the self-monitoring-plus-praise condition were then returned to baseline conditions as a reversal procedure.
Findings: Results showed an inter-observer agreement of 80% for the on-ward observation system. Five of the six attendants increased their rates of delivery of positive consequences for appropriate resident behaviors when the attendants recorded their delivery of these positive consequences. The other attendant increased her rate when feedback and praise were added. Two of the five self-monitored attendants further increased their rates of positive consequences delivers when feedback and praise were added. Three of the six attendants increased their rates of successful attempts to change resident behaviors which paralleled their changes in positive consequences delivers. Conclusion: It was concluded that a reliable system for monitoring on-ward interactions between attendants and residents can be developed and that self-monitoring procedures can be used effectively with attendants to increase the rates of positive consequences delivered to residents for appropriate behavior. Recommendations: Further research would include the self-monitoring of other interaction behaviors specified in the current interaction analysis system. Longer periods of implementation may increase the effects of the self-monitoring procedure. More extensive training and feedback might increase inter-observer agreement with the interaction analysis system
Karyotypes and Case Studies of Ten Individuals With Suspected Sex Chromosome Anomalies
Get PDF40 leaves, Advisor: Michael E. MyszewskiThe problem. This study will involve making a karyotype analysis and a case study of the residents of Woodward State Hospital and School who had been previously reported as having an abnormal X-chromatin constitution.
Procedure. Buccal smears were taken from each individual and stained with carbolfuchsin. Cells were observed for their X-chromatin content. Blood samples of each resident were drawn, cultured and harvested according to standard procedures. Chromosomes were counted in 30-50 cells and karyotypes prepared with emphasis on identifying the X-chromosome complement of each cell line. Case studies of the family history and physical features of each individual were done.
Findings. Six female residents suspected of having a 45,XO chromosome complement or possible 45,XO/46,XX mosaic condition were found to have a normal 46,XX chromosome complement. Two male residents suspected of having Turner's syndrome in the male were found to have a 46,XY chromosome complement. One male resident with a Klinefelter's phenotype had a 46,XY chromosome complement. One male had a 49,XXXXY chromosome complement.
Conclusions. The six females in the study were found not to have Turner's syndrome or mosaicism for the syndrome. Two males suspected of being male Turner's phenotypes were found to have Down's syndrome but no indication of Turner's syndrome. One male was found to have chromatin negative Klinefelter's syndrome. One male had a 49,XXXXY chromosome complement and showed all the phenotypic features of that condition
The Juvenile Laws of Iowa : Compilation and Analysis
Get PDF217 leaves. Advisor: Dr. Richard BrooksThe problem. The problem of developing an adequate and consistent juvenlle justice system commensurate with adult justice systems has been the concern of people for more than a century. Recent attempts have included review and recodification of laws by most state legislative branches of government. On the national level, recommended legislative models have been developed tor the purpose of providing uniformity of juvenile laws between states in interstate compact agreements and procedures. In addition, interested groups have studied various specialized areas of juvenile justice resulting in models at segmented current practices. This study resulted from the need to develop a compendium of the ohapter and section numbers of the juvenile laws of Iowa from which an analysis would be made to identify the inconsistencies, contradictions, and inadequacies of these laws.
Procedure. The method for obtaining a compendium of the 583 juvenile laws of Iowa consisted first of a personal search by the investigator of the 1973 Code of Iowa to identify as many of the juvenile laws as possible. Verification of the completeness of this result included an additional search of the code by the 1973 Drake University Law Class and by a computer search for juvenile laws utilizing terms commonly used synonymously with the word, juvenile. The results of all three of these investigations were used as cross references in verifying that all juvenile laws were included.
The initial treatment of the data was the sorting of these laws into twenty-four topics for the purpose of providing a compilation that would lend itself to analysis. Individual laws were identified that necessitated their classification under more than one topic. There were 198 such statutes. An alphabetical index of juvenile laws of Iowa was developed, as a result of this compilation, providing descriptive titles and cross referencing.
Findings and conclusions. As a result of this study, a total of ninety-nine examples were cited, encompassing eighty laws, illustrating that inconsistencies and contradictions did occur, that inadequacies did exist in the form of antiquated laws, duplication of laws, discrimination by laws, and inconsistencies in design; and that gaps were found relating to existing juvenile laws of Iowa and to non-existing laws
Value of Business Education at the Secondary School Level as Preparation for Advanced Study
Get PDF44 leaves.The problem. The purpose of this study was to determ1ne to what extent high school graduates are permitted to enroll in intermediate or advanced business courses at post-secondary institutions, what are the factors used by post-secondary institutions determining which students are eligible for the intermediate or advanced courses, and to what extent students are granted credit for elementary or intermediate courses which they are not required to take.
Procedure. A questionnaire was developed to gather information relative to practices currently in use at post-secondary institutions regarding advanced placement. This questionnaire was mailed to the 49 accredited post-secondary institutions in Iowa. After the initial response of 32 colleges, a follow-up was made, and an additional 13 responses were obtained, making a total return of 93 per cent. Three of the returnees indicated that they offer no business courses. Data were taken from the questionnaire, tabulated, and interpreted.
Findings. Seventy-one per cent of the 42 respondents indicated that they allow advanced placement in business courses for high school graduates. Students qualify for intermediate or advanced courses by means of a placement exam, interview regarding previous instruction, and review of student's high school records. Sixty per cent of the respondents permitting advanced placement grant credit for courses that are by-passed.
Conclusions and Recommendations. It is concluded that the post-secondary institutions are providing for advanced placement, although students are not availing themselves of the opportunity. It is recommended that the business educators from secondary and post-secondary levels should develop a sequence of instruction, providing college-prep courses that are uniform in intensity of subject matter with emphasis on conceptual problem solving. A future study to determine why students are not availing themselves of the opportunities for advanced placement is suggested
The Effect Of Leucogenenol and Chemotherapy on B and T Lymphocyte Populations in Mice Infected With Friend Virus Leukemia
Get PDF70 leaves. Advisor: Dr. Stephen C. ElliottThe problem. These experiments were designed to determine the effects of the immunostimulant leucogenenol and the combination chemotherapy of arabinosyl cytosine and vinblastine on the Band T lymphocyte populations of mice infected with Friend virus leukemia.
Procedure. Isolated lymphocyte populations were quantitated using a cytotoxic assay for T lymphs and a direct immunofluorescent technique for B lymphs. Spleen and liver weight to total body weight ratios, survival times, peripheral nucleated cell counts and peripheral white blood cell differentials were also monitored to show the progression of the FV leukemia and the effects of leucogenenol and chemotherapy.
Findings. The effect of the leucogenenol was to initially elevate the B and T lymphoid cell numbers of the peripheral circulation significantly over the untreated controls. Increases were also noted between FV infected mice and those FV-infected mice that were given leucogenenol. The effects of the drugs were to lower the peripheral lymphoid cell numbers and significantly reduce the spleen and liver weight to total body weight ratios. Mixed effects were noted in all groups and at the various time intervals in the percentage of B and T lymphs in the spleen and lymph node cell suspensions.
Conclusion. The effect of leucogenenol seems to be the stimulation of both B and T lymphocyte stem cell lines. This is most clearly shown by the increase in the number of identifiable B and T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. The effect of the drugs was to offset the effects of the FV. The addition of leucogenenol to the therapy seems to work in opposition to the drugs by reducing their leucopenic affects.
Recommendations. More studies on the cellular action of leucogenenol are necessary. The combination of leucogenenol and an anti-B-lymphocyte serum may prove effective in counteracting virus-induced leukemias. Further studies using leucogenenol on solid tumors such as sarcomas and carcinomas should be done as in these cases, the neoplasias do not directly affect the hemapoietic process
The Rational and the Intuitive : a Thematic Juxtaposition in the fiction of William Faulkner
Get PDF164 leaves.Throughout the broad scope of William Faulkner's fiction a thematic pattern emerges which has hitherto been little dealt with by his critics. This pattern presents, initially, an exploration of the principles of rationality and intuition as opposing faculties of the human mind. For Faulkner, however, rationality and intuition could not be divorced from man's mental and sensual awareness. Through an examination of the manners in which various characters shape and react to experience, I hope to demonstrate the force and magnitude with which the rational/intuitive theme permeates Faulkner's fiction.
Faulkner's characters range from those who are almost purely intuitive to those who reject intuition and attempt to construct elaborate systems of thought without it. This is a metaphysical pattern which is evident throughout Faulkner's work; it becomes, however, far more prominent in his later novels. In the Snopes trilogy he sets up the rational/intuitive juxtaposition in terms of a conflict, between certain characters and within others, which must be resolved if modern man is to survive his propensity for self-destruction. It is with these three novels--The Hamlet, The Town, and The Mansion--that this study is primarily concerned. In The Hamlet Faulkner sets up this conflict through two main characters: Flem Snopes is an incarnation of cold logic and acquisitiveness, whereas Eula Varner is an embodiment of hot subterranean urges. As Flem rapaciously takes over Frenchman's Bend, he is countered by V. K. Ratliff, who initiates and ultimately sustains the fight against Snopesism. Ratliff is the last and the most fully drawn of a small number of Faulkner characters who truly succeed as human beings. This results from their ability to employ both intuition and reason not only in their reactions to experience, but in their shaping of experience as well.
In The Town Faulkner introduces Gavin Stevens, who functions as the chief protagonist in the last two novels of the trilogy. Gavin is a romantic idealist who contains within himself the conflict represented externally by Flem and Eula Snopes. He is constantly juxtaposed to Ratliff, whose shrewd intelligence and realistic perceptions eventually help Gavin to resolve his internal conflict and become a man capable of coping with the modern world.
In The Mansion Gavin finally learns, through the activities of Mink and Linda Snopes, to approach experience realistically. Mink, the man of fierce faith in natural justice, joins with Linda, who ultimately combines Eula's intuitive nature with a strong dedication to a practical ideology. These two remaining Snopeses move together toward their mutual destruction of Flem, who represents the very antithesis of human obligation and natural responsibility. Through recognizing his own moral complicity in the murder of Flem, Gavin finally rejects his reliance upon illusion and acknowledges his membership in the ranks of humanity. At the conclusion of the trilogy he and Ratliff stand alone--two old men who, through their ability to reinforce reason with intuition, prevail in the face of modern man's spiritual dilemma
The Role of the Frontier Indian Agent : Joseph Montfort Street, 1827-1840
Get PDF131 leaves. Advisor: Chrales A. NelsonThe problem. The role of the frontier Indian agent is not always adequately understood. Acting as an intermediary between the federal government and the Indians, the agent's position was unique. Joseph Montfort Street was an Indian agent from 1827 to 1840. An examination of Street's unusually long tenure as an agent, thirteen years, will shed considerable light on the frontier agents' position, the role he played in frontier Indian affairs, and provide a highly informative picture of Street himself.
Procedure. Using secondary sources as an initial groundwork, the vast majority of the research involved dealt with primary materials. These were nearly completely composed of National Archives microfilm records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs for the years 1827-1840. Other primary sources were employed to supplement those microfilm sources.
Conclusions. Joseph Montfort Street was an honest and dedicated Indian agent who wrestled with white antipathy to the Indians, governmental misdirection, nebulous Indian laws, and the unscrupulous graspings of white fur traders to aid the Indians under his charge. Street believed that only Indian removal from uncomfortable proximity to whites, combined with education and agricultural instruction, would save the Indians from extinction. Street's pro-Indian attitude created white antagonism towards him, but he tirelessly labored to better the Indian's lot, and earned the trust and respect of the Indians
Effects of the Administration of 5-Hydroxydl-Tryptophan and 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine on the Acquisition of a Conditioned Avoidance Response
Get PDF39, [3] leaves. Advisor: Kenneth LloydThe administration of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa) has been shown to result in the facilitation of performance while the administration of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) results in an impairment of performance and reported enhancement of acquisition. The purpose of the present study is to compare the effects of 5-HTP and L-Dopa on the acquisition of a single behavioral task.
Each animal received a total of twenty daily trials in a shuttle box one hour after injection. All mice learned to avoid footshock both during each trial and the inter-trial interval. The results indicate that 5-HTP and L-Dopa do not facilitate the acquisition of a conditioned avoidance task. A significant number of inter-trial crossovers was obtained for the L-Dopa group for the 13 days of training and the 5-HTP group for the first 2 days.
It was concluded that possible peripheral effects of L-Dopa interfered with acquisition. It was suggested that the effects of 5-HTP upon the visual system might have served to inhibit acquisition of a visual task. In view of the subject x treatment interaction, it would appear that the metabolites of 5-HTP and L-Dopa produced effects which varied within subjects as a function of the daily administration of precursors.
The further analysis of effects of 5-HTP and L-Dopa on acquisition should include correlations between variations in regional concentrations and specific behaviors