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A New Model for Random Square-Tiled Surfaces
No full textSquare-tiled surfaces (STSs) are generalized coverings of the torus. In particular, they are obtained by gluing opposite sides of squares together. They can be described combinatorially by a pair of permutations, one encoding the way that the squares are glued together horizontally, and one encoding the way that the squares are glued vertically. A natural random model exists for picking square-tiled surfaces, namely taking an element at random from However, This model is not well suited to finding the expected length of the shortest curve, and the surfaces it produces are not necessarily connected. We propose a new model, wherein the permutation describing the horizontal gluing is an cycle. In this model, moving horizontally from a chosen square, one will pass through every other square on the surface before returning to the original square. This yields surfaces with a single horizontal cylinder. We show that the two methods of picking random square-tiled surfaces converge, and establish the asymptotically most probable strata. We also establish the expected genus of STSs in our model. Lastly, we also use our model we provide an easier characterization for showing that the probability of having a length one saddle connection is one and provide compelling numerical evidence to support this conjecture
Electrodeposition of p-Type Mixed Metal Oxide Semiconductors from Aqueous Metal Nitrate Solution
No full textModernity as a Moral Experience: Articulation of Mingyun in a Chinese County
No full textDuring the past four decades, Jinzhai, a county in Anhui Province, China, has undergone profound changes in its physical landscape, population structure, and economic conditions. In this research, I explore how my interlocutors in Jinzhai articulate the notion of mingyun [fate] in the context of a rapidly modernizing China. In reform-era China, wealth has become increasingly important for a good life. However, the uncontrollable aspects of wealth have posed a moral challenge to my interlocutors. In response to this challenge, they use the notion of mingyun both to explicate the existing pattern of wealth distribution in society and to affirm the significance of agentic actions in determining one’s life course. Recognizing the limit of their agency amidst various uncertainties in life, they nonetheless retain the strength and motivation to move on
Potential Solutions to the Hold-Out Problem in the Context of Sovereign Debt Restructuring
No full textIn this paper, I examine the current status of the sovereign debt market and the problems that both sovereigns and investors face when dealing with defaults and restructurings. Refusal of investors to participate in restructuring, and secondarily loss of value of debt by investors who do restructure, is the primary problem which I attempt to develop a solution for. The origins of these problems are explored and observed changes in the sovereign debt market since the 1980s are discussed.
Various potential solutions to these problems and relevant theories are provided, including collective action clauses and their provisions, investor litigation techniques, the role of the International Monetary Fund, the differences between advanced and emerging markets, and similar rehabilitation models which may be transferable to a sovereign context. Theoretical and empirical data explaining the effects of these theories reveal which have the largest positive effects on restructuring participation and retainment of value of debt: Single-limb aggregate voting collective action clauses, provisions for collective representation, collective acceleration, and reverse acceleration, stays on investor litigation, and prioritization of new financing. These are the features which I ultimately expect to have the greatest positive effect on both sovereigns and investors within sovereign defaults and restructurings
Mutant SRSF2 cooperates with mutant Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ll to progress myelodysplastic syndrome to secondary acute myeloid leukemia.
No full textLove, Truth, and Healing: An Integrative Discussion of Childhood and Generational Trauma
No full textFrom devastating events emerges trauma, which has many forms, including malnutrition, emotional neglect, physical/sexual abuse, traumatic brain injury, poverty, discrimination and prejudice, and even the forced removal from one’s home and community. Trauma has intergenerational effects, and based off of relevant animal studies concluding that behavior can be generationally transmitted, the effect of generational inheritance was the subject of this study. By establishing the link between childhood, intergenerational, transgenerational, and cultural trauma through mainly psychological, social, and cultural means—but also biological means—we can have a much better understanding of how to assist in the healing of marginalized communities, with this paper focusing mainly on Black generational inheritance. In the same way trauma can have many forms, so can healing. By allowing love, truth, care, and compassion to enter the conversation, healing can occur in these communities. Future research should look into the specific effects of radical love, the applicability of this research to other identity groups, and the inspiration behind the upsurge in the desire to heal generational trauma. Hopefully this research can help to continue to inspire new forms of therapy, ones that center love and truth to assist in deep-rooted healing and the creation of new, positive generational cycles
Null In Void: Can null resumptive pronouns fill L2 island gaps?
No full textIsland constraints, or movement restrictions on syntactic constituents, have received considerable attention since their proposal in Ross (1967), including in second language (L2) acquisition. Native language-L2 transfer studies have shown L2 learners without wh movement in their L1s can identify island violations better than chance (e.g., Bley-Vroman et al., 1988; Li, 1998). However, the learners are far from native-like in their performance. Several options have been proposed to account for this, including that learners posit phonologically null resumptive pronouns (nRPs) to resolve long-distance dependencies. An English learner may structure the Complex NP island shown in (1a) as (1b) without incurring phonological differences.
1) a. *Which beverage did you pet [NP the cat that drank ___]?
b. [Which beverage]i did you pet [NP the cat that drank proi]?
This pilot study examined English L2 learners from three L1s (Italian, Palestinian Arabic, and Lebanese Arabic), each using unique resumption types. Controlling for availability of RPs and nRPs, this study hypothesized speakers possessing nRPs in their L1 accept more island violations in their L2. This study provides some evidence for transfer of resumptive pronouns through island amelioration rates, but fails to confirm the hypothesis that having nRPs results in greater acceptance rates of island violations than having overt resumptive or intrusive pronouns
Ineffective Erythropoiesis and Anemia in Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Ringed Sideroblasts: The Role of SF3B1 Mutation
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How does the Federal Open Market Committee’s Press Conference affect various asset returns: A Machine Learning Approach
No full textThe Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) holds a Press Conference following the release of the statement at each FOMC meeting. I analyze the FOMC Press Conference transcripts using two Natural Language Processing models and use them to predict the Press Conferences’ effects on various asset classes including the S&P 500 index, Bond ETFs, and Commodities. The results were mixed with the models being able to explain a fair amount of variance for some asset returns but not for other assets. In particular, the results indicate that the model worked best for the S&P 500 index with an R 2 value of 0.291 but not for the Emerging Market Bonds which had an R 2 value of 0.12. Further research should be done with more powerful hardware and comprehensive data to confirm these results