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To What End Shall Love Conquer? Liebestode in Tristan and Isolde, Salome, and Bluebeard’s Castle
No full textIn this paper, I consider how a feminine authorial voice is constructed in opera and how Wagner laid the foundation for female agency in the Liebestod. I then consider the ways Strauss and Bartók reconfigured the Liebestod in Salome (1905) and Duke Bluebeard’s Castle (1918), respectively. These strands between Tristan, Salome, and Bluebeard become more apparent and take on different forms. The latter works adopt opposing strategies to their relationship to the Liebestod, but these connections illuminate the works’ ideas about love, death, and desire
Back to Class: How Elite Liberal Arts Colleges Discuss the Value of Their Degrees on Admissions Websites
No full textHigher education has been facing increasing attacks in recent years from the media, politicians, and the federal government. Elite liberal arts colleges (ELACs) occupy a unique position in current debates about the value of a college degree. These institutions are currently some of the most expensive higher educational options by their own design; yet, they simultaneously encourage students from low- and middle-income families to apply in greater numbers, enabled by their substantial institutional aid policies. By analyzing the content of ten ELAC admissions and financial aid websites, this project seeks to understand the ways in which these schools discuss the value of a degree from their institution. This work is situated within the sociology of higher education and class studies and builds on literature regarding social class mobility, educational institutions as sites of social class production/reproduction and neoliberalism in higher education. Findings demonstrate that the phrasing on ELAC websites use frameworks of social class mobility and neoliberalism to advocate for the value of a degree from their institution. Both of these trends have been documented at other institutions of higher education, thus this research builds upon the pool of data that demonstrates similar findings. Further research in this area should expand methodologically to include ethnographic methods and interviews alongside theoretical advancements as we continue to understand the value of a higher education degree in a changing national atmosphere
From Misdiagnosis to Meaningful Care: Culture and Acculturation in Latino Mental Health
No full textLatino communities in the United States face significant disparities in mental health care due to systemic barriers, cultural stigma, and the limitations of Western diagnostic frameworks. Misinterpretations of culture-bound syndromes like Susto and Ataques de Nervios can lead to misdiagnosis within Western mental health treatment frameworks and inadequate treatment. Our literature review discusses the intersection between acculturation, cultural values, and mental health. Furthermore, we assess the limitations of conventional psychiatric models and argue for the necessity of culturally adapted therapy (CAT), which integrates collectivistic, familistic, and spiritualist values into treatment. We contrast this with traditional healing practices and examine their coexistence with biomedical approaches. Our work underscores the urgency of structural reform in clinical training, diagnostic criteria, and mental health policy to mitigate these disparities
Susceptibility to Substance Use Disorder and Mood Disorders in Females with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia as a Result of Organizational Effects of Prenatal Androgens
No full textVulnerability to psychological disorders has been known to vary based on biological sex. Both anxiety and depression disproportionately affect women (Pavlidi et al., 2023), highlighting the need to understand their hormonal underpinnings to improve treatment. Androgens, which influence both sex differentiation and mental health, may help to explain these disparities. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder which leads to early prenatal exposure to androgens. One might expect women with CAH to be prone to the same psychological disorders that are commonly found in men and are therefore less likely to have the same psychological disorders as unaffected women. However research indicates that while women with CAH do show an increased risk of substance use disorders, they remain highly vulnerable to mood disorders. Therefore, although prenatal hormonal exposure to androgens is developmentally important for certain sex differences like masculinization of behavior and susceptibility to substance use disorders, it cannot explain sex differences in susceptibility to mood or anxiety disorders. Instead, other factors, including overproduction of cortisol, quality of life of women with CAH, and treatment of CAH with glucocorticosteroids must be examined to understand their heightened susceptibility to mood disorders
“I Looked to the Traces Where Love Hides”: The Eternal and the Ephemeral in the Diwan of A’ishah al-Ba\u27uniyah (d. 922/1517)
No full text“Winning” the Crop Battle: Strategic Targeting of Horizontally Transferred Genes in Herbivorous Insects via RNA Interference
No full textPerpetuation of Pelvic Pain Shame through Clinical and Social Spheres: A Case Study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textWorldwide, chronic pelvic and genital pain conditions (CPGPCs) pose a serious public health challenge. The complex nature of pelvic pain makes it clinically challenging to diagnose and highly stigmatized. Stigma affects women at the individual, social, and clinical levels. Notably, stigma intersects with cultural norms that suppress dialogue about pelvic health, fostering silence and reinforcing barriers to care. This is particularly pronounced in Ethiopia, where cultural gender norms further curtail women’s autonomy and authority. In clinical spheres, healthcare providers may express skepticism and accuse women of exaggeration, which erodes trust and discourages them from seeking care. Misdiagnosis and delayed treatment further marginalize women with CPGPCs.
To determine the mechanisms of stigma perpetuation, I conducted an interview-based analysis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. I found that close-knit social circles normalize pain from an early age and promote home-based care for CPGPCs. I analyzed stigma within the healthcare system by probing women’s provider gender preference. Two-thirds of interviewees preferred female clinicians for their empathy and shared anatomy, while one-third favored male providers, arguing that female clinicians overemphasize empathy to assume understanding rather than actively listening to patient concerns. I posit that this paradoxical finding may be explained by the subordination of women within Ethiopia’s patriarchal society. These findings may inform future public health initiatives aimed at reducing stigma, fostering supportive clinician-patient relationships, and improving health access and outcomes for women with CPGPCs
Sustainability in Higher Education: Architecture and Design in Environmental Interdisciplinary Learning Spaces
No full textResearch on sustainable architecture has explored how buildings, through nature-based design and sustainable technologies, can be places of environmental learning. However, spaces dedicated to environmental learning in higher education are not often designed to connect occupants to their natural surroundings or use building features for environmental learning. In Fall of 2024, Carleton released its Sustainable Futures Framework (SFF) and proposed a Center for Sustainability. In alignment with the SFF, we conduct an explanatory case study of four sustainability or environmental education centers at small liberal arts colleges: Bowdoin, Oberlin, Smith, and Williams Colleges. We adapt and apply a framework from Hamilton (2021) to understand how the buildings foster connection to place and engage occupants in environmental learning. We conduct exploratory focus groups with students, faculty, and staff at Carleton to gather opinions on the four buildings and discern occupant requirements for a Sustainability Center at Carleton. Ultimately, we find that case study buildings vary in their abilities to foster a connection to place, increase indoor environmental quality and comfort, and create community. These buildings also actively and passively engage occupants with the building’s sustainability features in alignment with the interdisciplinary environmental studies curricula. We develop guiding principles for similar institutions of higher education seeking to build a sustainability center. We apply these recommendations to Carleton and suggest a planning process and program for the future Sustainability Center that will align with occupant needs and promote the goals of the Sustainable Futures Framework
National Problem, Localized Solutions: Local Policy Changes to Increase Housing Affordability
No full textThe United States is currently facing a crisis of housing affordability; approximately 41.8 million households were cost-burdened (US Census Bureau 2023), 771,480 people were experiencing homelessness (U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development 2024; Bailey 2024), and more than 2 in 3 Americans worry about covering their cost-of-living expenses (Gillespie 2025). Being unable to afford adequate housing has a variety of negative impacts on health outcomes (Taylor 2018; Krieger and Higgins 2002; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation 2011) and children’s educational attainment (Holme 2022), while also increasing food insecurity (Denary et al. 2023; Kirkpatrick and Tarasuk 2011; Lee et al. 2021), criminality (Radkani et al. 2023) and mortality (Taylor 2018; Maness and Khan 2014). The underlying causes of the housing affordability problem are rising income inequality within the country (Piketty 2014), represented by growing cost burdens among low-income families (Joint Center For Housing Studies of Harvard University 2024), and governmental regulations that limit housing supply growth, pushing up prices (Been, Ellen, and O’Regan 2019; Joseph Gyourko and Molloy 2015). While each level of government can contribute to solving this crisis, the federal government is notoriously inefficient (Hunt 2024). Localities, however, are in the best place to tailor their interventions to the specific needs of their communities, allowing for efficient and effective policy implementations at the local level. Following the housing literature, there are two policies best suited for combatting this crisis: augmenting the Housing Choice Voucher Program (Ellen 2020; Frederick et al. 2014) and reducing regulatory barriers to housing development (Lin and Wachter 2019; Greenaway- McGrevy 2023). Both policies should be undertaken simultaneously to combat income inequality and supply constraints, respectively, though localities should consider the unique market environment in their area to determine which regulations should be changed, and how to effectively coordinate with local public housing authorities
Every Mandarin Sentence is Not Surface Scope: Evidence for Inverse Scope in Mandarin Adverbials
No full textMandarin has been argued to be both scope rigid and scope ambiguous. Huang (1982) proposed a concept accounting for the supposed unavailability of inverse scope in doubly-quantified (DQ) Mandarin sentences, which Aoun and Li (1989) later termed the Isomorphic Principle. If a quantifier phrase A c-commands a quantifier-phrase B at S-Structure, it also does so at LF (Huang 1982; Aoun & Li 1989). Scontras et al. (2017) found that inverse scope is unavailable for heritage and non-heritage native speakers in both English and Mandarin, providing experimental support for Mandarin being a scope-rigid language and suggesting that heritage speakers adopt the simpler scope grammar of the languages they speak. However, Fang (2023) found that inverse scope is available for non-heritage native Mandarin speakers in negatively-quantified (NQ) sentences, and Wu (2023) found that inverse scope is available for the same group in DQ adverbials.
Wu, however, only investigated adverbials where a universal quantifier (UQ) precedes an existential quantifier (EQ). Building on Scontras et al., Fang, and Wu’s work, the current study investigates scope in DQ and NQ adverbials with two different quantifier orders and two different orderings of a quantifier and negation. The overall finding is that inverse scope is available for heritage and non-heritage speakers in all four kinds of constructions – contra Scontras et al and in alignment with Wu and some of Fang’s findings. Additionally, the findings suggest that inverse scope is highly susceptible to priming, contradictory to some claims made about similar effects for English (Anderson, 2004).
The current study involved interviews with five heritage and eight non-heritage speakers. Participants read eight narratives which primed inverse scope, two items corresponding to each of the following contexts – all examples are adapted from Wu 2023: 3, ex. 6. Participants then provided scope interpretations both considering and ignoring the priming scenarios. The results immediately after priming appear in the chart.
T1: DQ with EQ preceding UQ
T2: DQ with UQ preceding EQ
T3: NQ with negation preceding UQ
T4–NQ with UQ preceding negation
Inverse Available
T1
T2
T3
T4
Non-Heritage
8/16
16/16
15/16
15/16
Heritage
10/10
10/10
9/10
10/10
For both groups, inverse scope was found to be more available in NQ sentences, than in DQ sentences. However, the findings also suggest that heritage speakers are more susceptible to priming than non-heritage speakers, potentially contradicting Scontras et al.\u27s claim about which scope grammar heritage speakers adopt