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RPC maintenance and upgrade studies of the atlas muon spectrometer and a muon tomography design using large area particle detectors
No full textThis thesis describes the spacing studies of BM/BR chambers to be installed on the ATLAS Detector at Long Shutdown 3 (LS3), the development of a new repair technique, and its implementation in the ATLAS Detector to repair and prevent gas leaks that cause critical problems in many aspects in ATLAS RPC System, and the crude design of a Muon Tomography with Large Area Particle Detectors.Bu tez, LS3’te ATLAS Dedekt¨or¨une kurulacak BM/BR odacıklarının yerle¸stirme ¸calı¸smalarını, ATLAS RPC Sistemi’nde olu¸san ve bir¸cok a¸cıdan kritik sorun lara neden olan gaz sızıntılarını onarmak, ¨onlemek i¸cin geli¸stirilen tekni˘gin t¨um geli¸sim s¨urecini ve ATLAS Dedekt¨or¨unde uygulanmasını, B¨uy¨uk Hacimli Par¸cacık Dedekt¨orleri kullanarak bir M¨uon Tomografinin kaba tasarımını anlatmaktadır
A prudential paradox: The signal in (not) restricting bank dividends
No full textBy restricting dividends in the weakest banks, prudential regulators counterintuitively induce more capital payouts in marginal banks. The potential for bank runs exacerbates the incentive to signal strength through dividend payments. Regulatory restrictions on those payments can be used to achieve the first-best outcome, but only if the prevailing capital requirements are sufficiently high. In a crisis, the optimal dividend policy is more restrictive, since it allows the weak but solvent banks to pool with the strong. Finally, we show that the optimal release of regulatory bank information depends critically on the regulator's information and dividend restriction policies
The effect of muqarnas on acoustic quality of traditional Turkish bath interior space
No full textDecorative “muqarnas” add charm to the design element and may influence the characteristics of an interior space. This study hypothesises that muqarnas in traditional Turkish baths (hammams) affect acoustic performances of such interior spaces. To test this hypothesis, a bath with muqarnas as the dome transition element was selected and a comparative study, in terms of acoustics quality with and without the decorative muqarnas, was conducted. Furthermore, the effect of different muqarnas configurations on acoustic quality of the interior space has been tested via optimisation simulations. With the use of optimisation model, a form of parametric muqarnas in the selected interior space was optimised according to the acoustic objectives. The optimisation tests were conducted with the objectives of increasing C50 (Clarity), C80, Reverberation Time (RT), Speech Transmission Index (STI), and decreasing RT. It was found that muqarnas do have an impact on acoustic performance of the interior space and the optimisation experiments suggest that different muqarnas configurations have different impact on the acoustic quality.Publisher versio
Moving from symptom management to upstream plastics prevention: The fallacy of plastic cleanup technology
No full textPlastic removal technologies can temporarily mitigate plastic accumulation at local scales, but evidence-based criteria are needed in policies to ensure that they are feasible and that ecological benefits outweigh the costs. To reduce plastic pollution efficiently and economically, policy should prioritize regulating and reducing upstream production rather than downstream pollution cleanup.McPike-Zima Charitable Foundation ; European Union’s Horizon 2020 ; Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas ; Helmholtz AssociationPublisher versio
Search for direct pair production of supersymmetric partners of τ leptons in the final state with two hadronically decaying τ leptons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV
No full textA search for the direct production of a pair of τ sleptons, the supersymmetric partners of τ leptons, is presented. Each τ slepton is assumed to decay to a τ lepton and the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), which is assumed to be stable and to not interact in the detector, leading to an imbalance in the total reconstructed transverse momentum. The search is carried out in events identified as containing two τ leptons, each decaying to one or more hadrons and a neutrino, and significant transverse momentum imbalance. In addition to scenarios in which the τ sleptons decay promptly, the search also addresses scenarios in which the τ sleptons have sufficiently long lifetimes to give rise to nonprompt τ leptons. The data were collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the CERN LHC with the CMS detector in 2016-2018, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb - 1 . No significant excess is seen with respect to standard model expectations. Upper limits on cross sections for the pair production of τ sleptons are obtained in the framework of simplified models. In a scenario in which the τ sleptons are superpartners of left-handed τ leptons, and each undergoes a prompt decay to a τ lepton and a nearly massless LSP, τ slepton masses between 115 and 340 GeV are excluded. In a scenario in which the lifetime of the τ sleptons corresponds to c τ 0 = 0.1 mm , where τ 0 represents the mean proper lifetime of the τ slepton, masses between 150 and 220 GeV are excluded.BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie program and the European Research Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contracts No. 675440, No. 724704, No. 752730, No. 758316, No. 765710, No. 824093, No. 884104, and COST Action No. CA16108 (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation 'a la Recherche dans l'Industrie et dans l'Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F. R. S.-FNRS and FWO (Belgium) under the "Excellence of Science-EOS"-be.h Project No. 30820817; the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI), Project Number 2288 (Greece); the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), under Germany's Excellence Strategy-EXC 2121 "Quantum Universe"-390833306, and under Project No. 400140256-GRK2497; the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New National Excellence Program-UNKP, the NKFIH research Grants No. K 124845, No. K 124850, No. K 128713, No. K 128786, No. K 129058, No. K 131991, No. K 133046, No. K 138136, No. K 143460, No. K 143477, No. 2020-2.2.1-ED-2021-00181, and No. TKP2021-NKTA-64 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Latvian Council of Science; the Ministry of Education and Science, Project No. 2022/WK/14, and the National Science Center, contracts Opus No. 2021/41/B/ST2/01369 and No. 2021/43/B/ST2/01552 (Poland); the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Grant No. CEECIND/01334/2018 (Portugal); the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Research Fund; No. MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, ERDF "a way of making Europe", and the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia Maria deMaeztu, Grant No.
r MDM-2017-0765 and Programa Severo Ochoa del Principado de Asturias (Spain); the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project, and the National Science, Research and Innovation Fund via the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, grant No. B05F650021 (Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; the Welch Foundation, Contract No. C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).Publisher versio
3-SAT problemini kuantum simülasyonlu bir soğurucu klasik rastgele yürüyüş yaklaşımı kullanarak çözme
No full textQuantum computing offers novel approaches for solving computationally hard problems. In this thesis, we present a quantum algorithm based on the quantum simulation of Schöning's algorithm for solving the 3-SAT problem. We first introduce the concept of quantum-simulated classical absorbing random walk on a hypercube and illustrate the idea using Markov chains. Then we describe the quantum algorithm that is built on the mentioned concept for solving the 3-SAT problem. The algorithm starts by creating the equal superposition of all assignments to the variables representing the vertices of a hypercube. The next state is determined by querying the oracle that checks whether a clause is satisfied or not. Accordingly, one of the variables from an unsatisfied clause is flipped as in Schöning's algorithm. The resulting algorithm finds the solution with a probability that is equivalent to the expected success probability of Schöning's algorithm starting at all possible initial states. The algorithm uses a linear number of qubits in the number of variables provided that reset is possible and its performance is demonstrated through several 3-SAT instances. Its performance is compared to Grover's algorithm, and the proposed algorithm outperforms Grover's algorithm in most cases for the number of gates and depth.Kuantum hesaplama, hesaplama açısından zor problemleri çözmek için yeni yaklaşımlar sunar. Bu tezde, 3-SAT problemini çözmek için Schöning'in algoritmasının kuantum simülasyonuna dayanan bir kuantum algoritması sunuyoruz. İlk olarak, bir hiperküp üzerinde kuantum simülasyonlu klasik soğurucu rastgele yürüyüş kavramını tanıtıyoruz ve bu fikri Markov zincirlerini kullanarak gösteriyoruz. Daha sonra 3-SAT problemini çözmek için bahsedilen konsept üzerine inşa edilen kuantum algoritmasını açıklıyoruz. Algoritma, bir hiperküpün köşelerini temsil eden değişkenlere tüm atamaların eşit süperpozisyonunu oluşturarak başlar. Bir sonraki durum, bir tümcenin karşılanıp karşılanmadığını kontrol eden kahin sorgulanarak belirlenir. Buna göre, bir doyumsuz tümceden gelen değişkenlerden biri, Schöning'in algoritmasında olduğu gibi ters çevrilir. Ortaya çıkan algoritma, tüm olası başlangıç durumlarından başlayarak Schöning'in algoritmasının beklenen başarı olasılığına eşdeğer bir olasılıkla çözümü bulur. Algoritma, sıfırlamanın mümkün olması ve performansının birkaç 3-SAT örneği aracılığıyla gösterilmesi koşuluyla, değişken sayısında doğrusal sayıda kübit kullanır. Performansı Grover'ın algoritmasıyla karşılaştırılır ve önerilen algoritma, çoğu durumda kapı sayısı ve derinlik için Grover'ın algoritmasından daha iyi performans gösterir
Militant minority at work: a successful case of unionisation of garment workers in Istanbul
No full textThis article explores a successful unionisation struggle among garment workers in Istanbul. In the last four decades, Turkey has become a global showcase of authoritarian anti-labour neoliberalism and one of the world’s top garment and textile exporters. The latter has come at the cost of worker exploitation and precarity. Such conditions led a group of knitting workers to unionise at the beginning of the 2010s. After five years of struggle, they signed a collective bargaining agreement covering nearly 400 workers. This very rare success rested on two key factors: the efforts of a militant minority and transnational labour solidarity
Business group affiliation and internationalization of new ventures: Moderating role of industry and liberalization
No full textInternationalization of new ventures (INV) has been the interest of inquiry for more than three decades. Though many researchers have looked at different factors and their impact on the speed, scope, and intensity of internationalization in new ventures, this stream of research requires more attention in the context of emerging economies. The study examines the role of a firm's business group affiliation and its impact on internationalization of new ventures in emerging economies. It also explains how industry concentration and liberalization of the economy change the relationship between business group affiliation and internationalization. Based on a dataset of new ventures from 67 industries founded in India during the period of 1996 to 2014, our results suggest that ventures with business group affiliation focus on the domestic market, and the focus changes from the domestic market to international when there is high industry concentration and with the liberalization of the economy
Bacaklı robotlar için gürbüz tüm vücut kontrolü
No full textThis thesis aims to propose a robust whole-body locomotion controller for legged robots. To this end, it offers the centroidal momentum observer control algorithm, which could be a very useful tool for providing robust dynamic motion control in eliminating parameter uncertainty for legged locomotion. The control method based on centroidal momentum dynamics is essential for whole-body control. The method considers floating base dynamics when synthesizing controllers such that the base frame is not firmly connected to the ground; the base frame is freely floating. Therefore it can be applied to a wide range of mobile robotic systems. The method was tested using a simulated one-legged robot and whole-body humanoid models. As a result, we observe that the centroidal momentum observer control algorithm could be beneficial for whole-body robot robustness and stabilization.Bu tez, bacaklı robotlar için gürbüz bir tüm vücut hareket kontrolörü önermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, bacaklı hareket için parametre belirsizliğini ortadan kaldırmada gürbüz dinamik hareket kontrolü sağlamak için çok yararlı bir araç olabilecek merkezi momentum gözlemci kontrol algoritmasını sunar. Merkezi momentum dinamiklerine dayalı kontrol yöntemi, tüm vücut kontrolü için esastır. Yöntem, temel koordinat sistemi zemine sıkıca bağlı olmayacak şekilde kontrolörleri sentezlerken seyyar koordinat sistemi parametrelerini dikkate alır; temel koordinat sistemi serbestçe yüzer. Bu nedenle çok çeşitli mobil robotik sistemlere uygulanabilir. Yöntem, simüle edilmiş tek bacaklı bir robot ve tüm vücut insansı modelleri kullanılarak test edildi. Sonuç olarak, merkezi momentum gözlemci kontrol algoritmasının tüm gövde bütüncül robotunun gürbüzlüğü ve stabilizasyonu için faydalı olabileceğini gözlemledik
Probing heavy majorana neutrinos and the weinberg operator through vector boson fusion processes in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV
No full textThe first search exploiting the vector boson fusion process to probe heavy Majorana neutrinos and the Weinberg operator at the LHC is presented. The search is performed in the same-sign dimuon final state using a proton-proton collision dataset recorded at s = 13 TeV , collected with the CMS detector and corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 138 fb − 1 . The results are found to agree with the predictions of the standard model. For heavy Majorana neutrinos, constraints on the squared mixing element between the muon and the heavy neutrino are derived in the heavy neutrino mass range 50 GeV-25 TeV; for masses above 650 GeV these are the most stringent constraints from searches at the LHC to date. A first test of the Weinberg operator at colliders provides an observed upper limit at 95% confidence level on the effective μ μ Majorana neutrino mass of 10.8 GeV.BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES and BNSF (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); MINCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT (Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRI (Greece); NKFIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CINVESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MES and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); J MESTD (Serbia); MCIN/AEI and PCTI (Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); MHESI and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TENMAK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).Publisher versio